scholarly journals The Comparison of Visual Acuity After Congenital Cataract Surgery between Children ≤2 Years and >2-17 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Adam Surya Romadhon ◽  
Joni Susanto ◽  
Rozalina Loebis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Congenital Cataract ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Congenital Surgery ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: Congenital cataract is turbidity occurs in eye lens that present at birth or immediately after. We aim to find out visual acuity after congenital surgery between children under 2 years old and 2-17 years old after following up 3, 6, 12 months.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered from medical record of congenital cataract aged ≤2 years and >2-17 years including age of surgery, frequency of eyes, sex, laterality, and visual acuity of patients with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). All data analyzed using Mann-Whitney test.Results: 41 children (67 affected eyes) in which 45 eyes that were operated at aged ≤2 years and 22 eyes were operated at aged >2-17 years. There was average difference of visual acuity between age group of ≤2 years and >2-17 years while following-up 3 months (1.60 ± 0.34 logMAR, 1.23 ± 0.67 logMAR, p = 0,003). Whereas in follow up 6 months (1.23 ± 0.47 logMAR, 1.15 ± 0.68 logMAR, p = 0,242) and 12 months (0.94 ± 0.47 logMAR, 0.96 ± 0.44 logMAR, p = 0,840), there were no difference significant average of visual acuity.Conclusion: Visual acuity after following-up 3 and 6 months in age group of >2-17 years were better than age group of ≤2 years, whereas after following-up 12 months in age group ≤2 years, it was obtained that visual acuity was better than age group of >2-17 years.

P055 Title: Standard rate of ASLO in healthy children with streptococcal (angina) or post-streptococcal (RAA) infection in Morocco

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Himri Sara ◽  
Oumokhtar Bouchra ◽  
El Fakir Samira ◽  
Atmani Samir
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Rate ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background The antistreptolysins O “ASLO” are anti streptococcal antibodies directed against streptolysin O. The assay of ASLO can provide proof of infection of streptococcal origin. However, it cannot confirm the presence of RAA or the degree of severity of the disease. A level of ASLO less than or equal to a critical threshold of 200 IU/ml is considered normal in children. Several factors influence the ASLO title and therefore their standard rate such as age, geographic location and seasonal variation. The objective of this study is to determine the upper normal limit (ULN) of ASLO in healthy children with angina or RAA at the CHU Hassan II of Fez in Morocco. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out from January 2016 to July 2019 in the cardiopediatric unit of CHU Hassan II and the Anarjiss health center in Fez. Patients below 18 years of age were included in this study. The children are classified into 3 groups: group 1: 152 children with RAA and who are diagnosed according to the modified Jones criteria, group 2: 177 children with angina, group 3: 157 healthy children who did not have an RAA, a history of recurrent or recent pharyngitis. Patient data is collected on operating sheets. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v 21 software. To establish a normal upper limit for ASLOs, the 90 percentile was used as it is a value below which at least 90% of cases studied in each group. Results The most common age group in the 3 groups is the age group between 5 and 15 years old. The frequency of children of urban origin is greater than that of rural origin in all the groups studied. The ULN is 421.4U/ml in the group of normal children, 641.95 U/ml in the RAA group and 561.8 U/ml in the group of children with pharyngitis. The study of changes in ASLO rates over time shows that they increase significantly in angina and tend to decrease in RAA. The LSN of ASLOs by gender shows that it is higher for boys than for girls. The ULN according to the residence shows that it is higher in urban areas. As well as the LSN of ASLO according to the season shows that it is higher in the cold period, especially in winter and spring (P < 0.001). With regard to age, the ULN of ASLOs is higher in the 5–15 age group. Conclusion In this study, it can be concluded that an ASLO level less than or equal to 400 U/ml is the critical threshold in a normal child, while an ASLO level >400 U/ml is considered pathological in children. children in Morocco.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Outcomes of Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS) and Phacoemulsification (PHACO) in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Samuel Kyei ◽  
Ebenezer Zaabaar ◽  
Frank Assiamah ◽  
Michael Agyemang Kwarteng ◽  
Kofi Asiedu
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Incision Cataract Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Incision ◽  
Uncorrected Visual Acuity

Background: The growing middle-class population of Ghana has seen more people being employed in visually demanding occupations  and hence there is an increased desire for quality post-cataract surgical visual outcomes. This study aimed at comparing the outcomes of manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) and phacoemulsification (PHACO) among Ghanaians. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study in which records of patients who underwent MSCIS or phacoemulsification by the same surgeon were reviewed. Results: Medical records of 248 eyes were reviewed, out of which 132 underwent PHACO and 116 had MSICS. A significant number of the  PHACO group had good (6/6–6/18) uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) compared to the MSICS group at 1–2 weeks follow-up (p = 0.003) and 4–6 weeks follow-up (p = 0.002). MSICS resulted in a higher total astigmatic change compared to PHACO (p < 0.001). The PHACO grouphad a higher number of postoperative complications compared with the MSICS group (p <0.001). Postoperative borderline and poor  uncorrected visual acuity were associated with age, total astigmatic change, and postoperative complications. Conclusion: The postoperative UCVA outcomes at 4–6 weeks’ follow-up indicates that PHACO resulted in noticeably less spectacle dependency when compared to MSICS.

scholarly journals Perfil de usuários e motivos da consulta de enfermagem em estomaterapia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaura Soares Paczek ◽  
Andreia Inês Engelmann ◽  
Giulia Pedroso Perini ◽  
Glória Pinto Soares de Aguiar ◽  
Erica Rosalba Mallmann Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Care Nursing

Objetivo: analisar o perfil de usuários e os motivos da consulta de enfermagem em estomaterapia. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, exploratório e transversal. Coletaram-se os dados em prontuários de 252 usuários nos quais foram consultados em 1116 consultas de enfermagem. Analisaram-se os dados pelo programa SPSS versão 20, empregando-se a estatística descritiva. Resultados: revela-se, quanto ao sexo, que não houve diferença significativa; quanto à faixa etária, 53,6% dos participantes tinham 65 anos ou mais de idade; a causa do estoma foi a doença neoplásica maligna em 65,5% da amostra; o motivo da consulta, em 56%, foi a troca de bolsa de ostomia e 50,4% dos pacientes realizaram somente uma consulta no período analisado. Conclusão: mostrou-se, que o enfermeiro estomaterapeuta precisa refletir no planejamento e nas estratégias de cuidados prestados, contemplando a educação do autocuidado do usuário e educação permanente da equipe, enfatizando a sensibilidade do acolhimento, visto que a maioria dos pacientes tem neoplasia maligna, situação de grande impacto na vida do usuário e de sua família. Descritores: Estomia; Consulta de Enfermagem; Educação Permanente; Estomaterapia; Autocuidado; Cuidados de Enfermagem.AbstractObjective: to analyze the profile of users and the reasons for the nursing consultation in stomatherapy. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, exploratory and cross-sectional study. Data was collected from medical records of 252 users, who were consulted in 1116 nursing consultations. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 20 program, using descriptive statistics. Results: it is revealed, as for sex, that there was no significant difference; as for the age group, 53.6% of the participants were 65 years old or older; the cause of the stoma was malignant neoplastic disease in 65.5% of the sample; the reason for the consultation, in 56%, was to change the ostomy bag and 50.4% of the patients had only one consultation during the analyzed period. Conclusion: it was shown that the stoma nurse needs to reflect on the planning and care strategies provided, contemplating the education of the user's self-care and permanent education of the team, emphasizing the sensitivity of the welcoming, since the majority of patients have malignancy, situation of great impact on the life of the user and their family. Descriptors: Ostomy; Nursing Consultation; Education Continuing; Stomatherapy; Self Care; Nursing Care.ResumenObjetivo: analizar el perfil de los usuarios y los motivos de la consulta de enfermería en estomaterapia. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio y transversal. Se recopilaron datos de registros médicos de 252 usuarios, que fueron consultados en 1116 consultas de enfermería. Los datos se analizaron utilizando el programa SPSS versión 20, utilizando estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados: se revela, en cuanto al sexo, que no hubo diferencia significativa; en cuanto al grupo de edad, el 53,6% de los participantes tenían 65 años o más; la causa del estoma fue la enfermedad neoplásica maligna en el 65.5% de la muestra; el motivo de la consulta, en el 56%, fue cambiar la bolsa de ostomía y el 50,4% de los pacientes tuvieron una sola consulta durante el período analizado. Conclusión: se demostró que el enfermero de estomas necesita reflexionar sobre la planificación y las estrategias de atención provistas, contemplando la educación del autocuidado del usuario y la educación permanente del equipo, enfatizando la sensibilidad de la recepción, ya que la mayoría de los pacientes tienen neoplasia maligna, situación de gran impacto en la vida del usuario y su familia. Descriptores: Estomia; Consulta de Enfermería; Educación Permanente; Estomaterapia; Autocuidado; Cuidados de Enfermería.

scholarly journals Features of Neck Pain and its Related Factors Among Patients With Cervical Spondylosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Nayeema Binti Karim ◽  
Aklima Chowdhury Asha ◽  
Md. Aminul Islam ◽  
Anup Mandal ◽  
Taslima Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spondylosis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orthopedic Rehabilitation ◽  
Tingling Sensation

Background and aims: The prevalence of cervical spondylosis is rising. The objective of this study was to figure out the various features and their related factors among cervical spondylosis patients in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling 40 patients from NITOR (National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedic Rehabilitation) in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected from the physiotherapy department of NITOR using convenient sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Patients who were diagnosed with cervical spondylosis were included in this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive analysis was done using frequency measures, mean and percentages. Results: Among our respondents, the majority of them were female (62.5%). Majority of the participants were in the age group of 35 to 50 years (62.5%). Many of them were urban population engaged in service or housewives. Stressful job (55%), duration of working hour >8 hours (62.5%) were the most common characteristics among patients. The main location of pain was in the shoulder (82.5%) followed by the neck (77.4%) and forearm (70%). Most patients had intermittent pain (57.5%), numbness (55%), tingling sensation (47.5%) and paresthesia (42.5%). Moderate type of pain (65%), the involvement of both upper limbs (35%) and radiating pain to shoulder (72.5%) were the most reported features by patients. No response to medication was also observed. Conclusion: Being female, middle age group, stressful occupation, location and radiation of pain to shoulder are some of the common features revealed in this study. The findings will help the practitioner to plan their treatment goals and techniques considering the characteristics of patients.

scholarly journals Knowledge about emergency contraception among mothers attending OPD at a private medical college in Puducherry

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2262
Author(s):  
Neelima S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: It is estimated that around 15.6 million abortions take place in India every year. There is significant variance in the estimates for the number of abortions reported and the total number of abortions taking place. Emergency contraception (EC) prevents an accidental pregnancy. It prevents a woman from having to go through the trauma of getting pregnant when she does not want to.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge of emergency contraception among women attending the gynecological outpatient department. A total of 280 married women were included in the study. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, which included questions on demographic variables, religion, education, knowledge and practices about EC.Results: Majority of the participants were in the age group of 20-25 years (122; 43.6%). Hinduism was the predominant religion followed by eighty five percent (n=238) of the women. Only 2.1% (n=6) of the women were uneducated while the rest had some form of schooling. Most of them belonged to the age group of 20-25 years (122; 43.6%). Majority of the participants (244; 87.1%) reported that they had never heard about EC. And only 4.3% have ever used EC.Conclusions: Despite EC being available for more than a decade in India, many women still have not heard of it. Although awareness is increasing it is essential to integrate information about EC in family welfare materials and developing new strategies to increase awareness and share information about EC.

scholarly journals Clinico-pathological study of primary carcinoma of the liver

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
P. Dasharatham ◽  
P. Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Carcinoma ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pathological Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Included Patient ◽  
Cirrhosis Of Liver ◽  
Very High

Background: Since the incidence of the primary carcinoma of the liver in Warangal is very high when compared to other parts of the country, the possible etiological factors have been studied for the increasing frequency of Primary carcinoma of the liver with a view for further follow up. The objective of the present study was to undertake a thorough study of histopathological changes, typing and its association with cirrhosis.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried for a period of three years among 56 cases of primary carcinoma of the liver at MGM hospital. Institutional Ethics Committee permission was obtained. Informed consent was taken from each and every patient. Detailed history, clinical examination and investigations were carried out for each and every included patient. Liver biopsy was done under strict aseptic precautions.Results: The incidence of Primary carcinoma of the liver was found to be highest in males as compared to females. The highest incidence of Primary carcinoma of the liver was found in the age group of 41-50 years. In only 14.3% of cases the Primary carcinoma of the liver was associated with cirrhosis of liver. The most common type of cell found on histopathology was cylindroids type in 35.7% of cases followed by trabecular type in 28.5% of cases.Conclusions: Incidence of Primary carcinoma of the liver was found to be very high. This was not associated with corresponding increase in cirrhosis. The cause of their increase was obscure.

scholarly journals A study of clinical and ophthalmologic profile of patients undergoing cataract surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 2229
Author(s):  
Chhaya Shori ◽  
Rakesh Shori ◽  
Gannaram Laxmiprasad ◽  
Ashalatha Alli
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rule Type ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology

Background: Intraocular lens implantation is the only surgical approach available mostly in developing countries. Thus cataract constitutes as the leading cause of blindness in developing countries as many patients with cataract do not have access to hospitals and surgery. Objective was to study the clinical and ophthalmologic profile of patients undergoing cataract surgery.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among 100 cataract patients assigned to undergo conventional extra capsular cataract excision surgery for a period of two years in a tertiary care referral hospital. One day before the surgery these patients were admitted to the indoor wards of department of ophthalmology. From each patient, detailed history was obtained. Visual acuity was checked with Snellen’s visual acuity chart and pinhole improvement was noted.Results: Maximum prevalence was seen in the age group of 51-60 years i.e. 37% followed by 61-70 years of 30%. Thus cataract is seen more commonly in the age group of above 50 years. Prevalence of cataract was more in females (59%) as compared to 41% in males. Cortical cataract constituted 86% of total cases and remaining 14% were constituted by nuclear type of cataract. Majority of the patients i.e. 59% had visual acuity of less than 1/60 followed by 33% of having 5/60 to 1/60. 58% of the patients had against the rule type of astigmatism. 34% of the patients had with the rule type of astigmatism. Only 8% had NOA type of astigmatism.Conclusions: Increasing age and female gender were the most important risk factors in the present study. Cortical type of cataract was more common than nuclear type of cataract. Maximum had low vision.

scholarly journals Assessment of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Post-Coronavac Vaccination in the Amazon Region of Brazil

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Carlos David Araújo Bichara ◽  
Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽  
Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽  
Gergiane Lopes Vaz ◽  
Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The present study evaluated the frequency of seropositivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S1 and S2) total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (receptor binding domain-RBD-S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals vaccinated with the immunizing agent Coronavac. This was a cross-sectional study involving 358 individuals divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 205 volunteers who were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies; group 2 consisted of 153 individuals tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. Seropositivity was greater than 70% in both groups, although 17.6% and 20.9% of individuals showed no neutralizing or total antibody reactivity, respectively. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies displayed a significantly different distribution between the sexes but not according to age. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies was 93.3% (95% CI 68.1–99.8) in the age group from 21 to 40 years but significantly decreased with advancing age, and was 76.2% (95% CI 52.8–91.8) for 41 to 60 years, 72.5% (95% CI 62.8–80.9) for 61 to 80 years, and 46.7% (95% CI 21.3–73.4) for >80 years. Our results reveal a high prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in individuals who received both doses of the Coronavac vaccine, suggesting a lower effectiveness of the humoral immune response among those older than 60 years of age, which might be associated with senescence of the immune system.

Assessment of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-Coronavac vaccination in the Amazon region of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos David Araújo Bichara ◽  
Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽  
Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽  
Gergiane Lopes Vaz ◽  
Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract The race to develop a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has raised questions regarding the safety of immunizers, efficacy regarding the production of neutralizing antibodies, and the longevity of the immune response, especially when related to variables such as sex and age. The present study evaluated the frequency of seropositivity for anti-SARS-CoV-2 (S1 and S2) total antibodies and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (receptor binding domain - RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals vaccinated with the immunizing agent Coronavac (Sinovac). This was a cross-sectional study involving 358 individuals divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 205 volunteers who were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2); group 2 consisted of 153 individuals tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (RBD-S1). Seropositivity was greater than 70% in both groups, though approximately 20% of individuals showed no antibody production. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) displayed a significantly different distribution between the sexes but not according to age. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD-S1) neutralizing antibodies was 93% in the age group from 21 to 40 years, which was significantly lower with advancing age, to 76% (41 to 60 years), 72% (61 to 80 years) and 47% (>80 years). Our results reveal a high prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (S1 and S2) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 (RBD - S1) neutralizing antibodies in individuals who received both doses of the Coronavac vaccine, suggesting a lower efficiency of the humoral immune response among those older than 60 years of age, which might be associated with senescence of the immune system.

scholarly journals Study of body mass index (BMI) and serum lipid profile of patients at a tertiary hospital: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2060
Author(s):  
Archana . ◽  
Vibhuti Agarwal ◽  
Naved Ahmad ◽  
Akash Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Sedentary lifestyle have an impact on the prevalence and incidence of obesity related disorders and leads to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias and metabolic disorders that aggravate the risk in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).Methods: In our study, data of 220 subjects belonging to age group of 25 to 55 years were collected. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. Subjects were categorized into two groups (BMI <25 and BMI ≥25). Serum was separated by centrifuging blood at 3000 rpm for 10 min and analyzed for lipid profile on Erba Chem 7 semi-auto analyzer.Results: In our present hospital based study we estimated the Lipid Profile in individuals categorized into two groups. (Group 1 BMI <25) and (Group 2 BMI ≥25), We found the values of Triglycerides, LDL and VLDL in Group 1 are lower as compared to Group 2.Conclusions: Our study showed positive correlation between lipid profile and obesity. Obesity is said to predispose individuals to metabolic syndrome associated diseases.

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