The study of the humerus and femur length as combined predictors of the gestational age of human fetuses using ultrasonography

Background: Ultrasound dating of pregnancy is the most effective and easiest method presently used to assess the gestational age of fetus. The study evaluates the diaphyseal lengths of humerus and femur as combined parameters to estimate the gestational age of the fetus at the time of examination.Methods: The study was done on 152 pregnant women of gestational age from 15 to 40 weeks attending antenatal clinic of a certain medical college hospital. Subjects with maternal disease known to affect normal fetal growth, history of recurrent miscarriages and of chronic medications, multiple gestations or other complications and major fetal abnormalities were excluded. The diaphyseal lengths of humerus and femur were measured in a standardized manner. The relationship of the humerus and femur length in centimeters is compared with the gestational age in weeks. The multiple correlation equation of humerus and femur length with the gestational age was deduced.Results: It was observed that the diaphyseal length of humerus and femur gradually increased from 15 weeks to 40 weeks of gestation and by applying multiple correlation, a formula was derived to calculate the gestational age.Conclusions: The measurement of the humerus and femur length (in cm) can be an important additional parameter for estimating gestational age along with other parameters and can be used to predict the gestational age of fetuses belonging to that geographical area using the derived formula.

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Outbreak Of Nipah Encephalitis In Greater Faridpur District

Faridpur Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/fmcj.v5i2.6825 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 63-65

Author(s):

MY Ali ◽

SA Fattah ◽

MM Islam ◽

MA Hossain ◽

SY Ali

Keyword(s):

Health Personnel ◽

Viral Encephalitis ◽

Review Article ◽

Personal Protection ◽

Emerging Infections ◽

College Hospital ◽

Personal Protection Equipment ◽

Medical College ◽

History Of ◽

Deadly Disease

Nipah viral encephalitis is one of the fatal re-emerging infections especially in southeast Asia. After its outbreak in Malaysia and Singapore; repeated outbreaks occurred at western part of Bangladesh especially in Faridpur region. Besides, sporadic attacks appear to occur in the country throughout the year. Here two Nipah outbreaks in greater Faridpur district in 2003 and 2004 are described along with brief review on transmission of the virus. Where the history of illness among patients are very much in favour of man to man transmission. Moreover the death of an intern doctor from Nipah encephalitis who was involved in managing such patients in Faridpur Medical College Hospital strongly suggests man to man transmission of this virus. So, aim of this review article to make the health personnel and general people be aware about man to man transmission of virus, so that they can adapt personal protection equipment (PPE) for their protection against this deadly disease. DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v5i2.6825Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2010;5(2):63-65

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VAGINAL DISCHARGE

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.04.2644 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 18 (04) ◽

pp. 598-603

Author(s):

SHAHIDA SHAIKH ◽

SALEEM AKHTER SHAIKH ◽

INAYAT MAGSI

Keyword(s):

Vaginal Discharge ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

College Hospital ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Syndromic Management ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Medical College ◽

Abnormal Growth ◽

History Of

Objective: To observe the results of syndromic management in women living in IDPs camps complaining of chronic vaginal discharge. Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Medical Camps at Larkana set by Chandka Medical College Hospital for Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) due to floods. Period: 1st September 2010 to 31st December 2010. Material and Methods: Total 200 symptomatic patients aged from 20 to 50 years suffering from chronic vaginal discharge having history of more than 6 months duration were included in the study. Asymptomatic as well as pregnant women and patients with abnormal cervix and having abnormal growth on cervix were excluded from the study. A detailed history and examination (including speculum and vaginal) was done and a proforma was filled. All these patients were given empirical treatment recommended by WHO as syndromic management consisting of stat doses of antifungal along with antibiotics, where no laboratory tests are required before treatment. Results: Next to vaginal discharge which was main symptom in all patients, the other symptoms like dusparunia, dysuria, itching ,lower abdomen pain and low backache was reported 9%, 16%, 20%, 24% and 31% respectively. Also 8% patients reported post coital bleeding. All patients were married and the mean age of the patients was 28+0.2 years and 15% of them were over 40 years. Mean parity was 4±1.Vaginal infection improved in 65% of the patients excellently with a first line single course of antibiotic and percentage raised up to 88% with second course. 19(9.5%) patients couldn’t be followed as they left that camp and 5(2.5%) patients who did not improve with two courses of antibiotics had big cervical erosions, referred to nearby tertiary care hospital for further management. Conclusions: IDPs live in poor conditions in camps without basic facilities and where it is difficult to perform bedside tests like microscopy, Potassium Hydroxide, wet mount films and tests for Sexually transmitted diseases like Chlamydia and gonorrhea are not available, syndromic management there is a rational way of treating cases of chronic vaginal discharge to get quicker response in such desperate women.

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Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis ababa, Ethiopia - a cross sectional type of study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35290/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Desta Samuel Umuro ◽

Yared Lasebew Asres ◽

Gezahegn Mamo Muluneh

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Antenatal Clinic ◽

Parasitic Infestation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Medical College ◽

History Of

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted from December 1–30, 2018 on 405 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. All pregnant women visiting the Antenatal care clinic during the study period and who fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included in the study. Secondary data was collected from clients register and personal files on hemoglobin, HIV, stool, and other variables. Descriptive statistics was used to analysis some variables by using SPSS. Logistic regression was carried out to identify factors associated with anemia in pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratio with their 95% of confidence interval and p < 0.05 are consider to have significant association. Results The magnitude of Anemia in pregnant women in this study was 19.8%, (95% CI 16.00-23.70). HIV infection (AOR = 6.12(95% CI 2.19, 17.08) parasitic infestation (AOR = 11.88 (95% CI 5.60, 25.20) and history of not taking fruit after meal during pregnancy (AOR = 3.12(95% CI 1.72, 5.67) were the major determinants of anemia. Conclusion This study showed that the magnitude of anemia among pregnant women was high especially at third trimester. Living with HIV /AIDS, parasitic infestation and no history of taking fruits after meal were the main factors.

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Familial Trend and Socioeconomic Status of the Hypertensive Patients attending at Hypertension Clinic

Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/jom.v13i1.5941 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 10-15

Author(s):

Kazi Jahangir Hossain ◽

Nazma Parvin ◽

A Wazed ◽

Md Shamsul Alam ◽

Md Mustafa Kamal

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

College Hospital ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Positive History ◽

Medical College ◽

First Degree Relatives ◽

Hypertension Clinic ◽

History Of ◽

Prevention Of Hypertension ◽

Second Degree

The aim of the study was to investigate familial trend and socioeconomic status of the hypertensive patients attending at the Hypertension Clinic of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. The study period was from July 2009 to June 2010. A total of 417 patients were recruited of which 245 were male and 172 female respectively, and selected consecutively on the basis of defined criteria. The research instrument was an interviewer-administered questionnaire. For assessment of familial trend of hypertension, first and second degree relatives of the respondents were investigated. Results showed that majority of the respondents were educated of which 22.1%(n=92), 18.2%(n=76), 19.9%(83) and 13.7%(n=57) were secondary, higher secondary, graduate and postgraduate educated respectively. In profession, 64.4%(n=111) female had household works, and 56.8%(n=139) male were in service and 41.2%(n=101) businessmen and had monthly income of Tk. 10,000 to 80,000. The mean age of them was 47.4±6.9 years and BMI was 25.5±3.0 kg/m2. The nutritional status of them were normal in 40.5%(n=169) and rest had different degree of malnutrition. In malnutrition, 53.1%(n=130) male were overweight, 2.9%(n=7) obese and 0.8%(n=2) undernourished; and 51.2%(n=88) female were overweight, 11.0(n=19) obese and 1.2%(n=2) undernourished respectively. About 70.5%(n=294) of the studied hypertensive patients had positive history of hypertension in first and second degree relatives of which 17.3%(n=72) had single member positive history of hypertension, 18.2%(n=76) two, 16.8%(n=70) three, 14.1%(n=69) four and 4.1%(n=17) five members. In single member positive, most of them were in first degree relatives; in two members, 67.1%(n=51) were in first degree relatives and 27.6%(n=21) in both first and 2nd degree relatives; in three members, 64.3%(n=45) were in 1st degree and 31.4%(n=22) in both 1st and 2nd degree; in four members, 31.9%(n=22) were in 1st degree relationship, 17.4%(n=12) in 2nd degree and 50.7%(n=35) in both 1st and 2nd degree; and in five members, 17.6%(n=3) and 82.4%(n=14) in second degree, and both 1st and 2nd degree relatives respectively. Heath education and behavioral change intervention programs among the hypertensive population may be one of the most important applicable ways to control and/or prevention of hypertension and its complications in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v13i1.5941 JOM 2012; 13(1): 10-15

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Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Foetal Binocular Distance in Second & Third Trimester of Pregnancy and Correlation with Gestation Age

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research ◽

10.3329/jcamr.v3i1.29360 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 10-15

Author(s):

Md. Menhazul Islam ◽

Taslima Akter ◽

Saiful Islam ◽

Farzana Alam ◽

Uday Goswami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Uterine Wall ◽

Third Trimester ◽

College Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Gestation Age ◽

Medical University ◽

Posterior Position

Background: Foetal Binocular Distance in Second & Third Trimester of Pregnancy and correlation with Gestation Age is important. Objective: The purpose of the study was to sonographically measure the foetal binocular distance, determine the foetal gestational age & to find out relationship between them in 2nd & 3rd trimester of gestation. Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of radiology and imaging Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of July 2012 to June 2013. In all the cases BPD, FL, AC, Binocular distance (BD) in cm and gestational age in weeks were measured by USG. Each patient was voluntary enrolled into the study without any specific indication. The measurement was performed only once for each patient. The foetal outer binocular distance was identified in the occipito-transverse or occipito-posterior-foetal positions. With the head in the occipito-posterior position, the transducer was placed in a plane that transected the occiput, orbits, and nasal processes. Measurements were obtained only when the fetal face was directly perpendicular to the uterine wall, since measurements in an oblique plane were considered to be unreliable. Result: The correlation between binocular distance (BD) in cm and gestational age (GA) in wks was calculated. This correlation was highly significant (r = 0. 973; p<0.001).Conclusion:Excellent correlation was found to exist between binocular diameter and gestational age. In the absence of known date of last menstrual period or where fundal height does not agree with dates, these parameters are valuable in estimating the gestational age of the foetus.Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, 2016;3(1):10-15

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Early detection of cervical intraepithelial lesions by simple visual inspection after acetic acid among women in Rajshahi medical college hospital

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v10i4.9494 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 240-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N Yusuf ◽

F Islam ◽

H Akhter ◽

MA Ali ◽

JA Khanam

Keyword(s):

Visual Inspection ◽

Invasive Carcinoma ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions ◽

Carcinoma Of Cervix ◽

History Of ◽

Intraepithelial Lesions

Aim: To evaluate the performance of visual inspection of acetic acid (VIA) in the detection of precancerous and early cancerous lesions of cervix. Materials and methods: Total 5593 eligible women who randomly came to the Gyenae out patient department (OPD) of RMCH (Rajshahi Medical College Hospital) were examined by VIA. Detection of well defined, opaque, acetowhite lesions close to the squamocolumner junction or in transitional zone or dense acetowhitening of ulceroproliferative growth on the cervix constituted a positive VIA. Those who had abnormal results in screening test & those who had clinically suspicious lesions were sent for colposcopic evaluation (n= 442) & directed biopsy were taken from colposcopically suspected areas (n=214). The final diagnosis was based on histology. Results: Out of 5593 patients, 442 (7.20%) were VIA positive. 442 patients were colposcopically evaluated .Among them, 228 (51.58%) were normal and 202(45.70%) had different stages of cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) and 12 ( 2.71 % ) had carcinoma of cervix. Out of 214 patients biopsied, 23.36 % patients had a final diagnosis of CIN lesions, 5 (2.33%) had carcinoma in-situ & 17 cases (7.94%) had invasive carcinoma. Besides to find out the predictable factors of cervical lesions data have been collected from VIA positive patients regarding age of first coitus and first delivery, history of extra marital exposure and STI, use of contraceptive methods and family history of cancer. Age of first coitus between 12 to 15 years and 16 to 20 years were observed among 203 (46 %) and 40 % (177) women respectively. More than half of the patients (62%) were experienced with their first delivery within the age 15-20 years which was below 15 years of 12 % (53) patients. Fifty four percent patients used OCP and barrier methods used were only 10 %. Family history of cancer was observed among 09 % women. 58% patients were belonged to lower middle class and upper group were only 9% (table 1) Conclusion: In our study detection of different grades of intraepithelial lesions (CIN-I, CIN-II, CIN-III, invasive carcinoma) of cervix by VIA was comparable to that of colposcopy. So VIA is suitable for detection of precursor lesions of cervical cancer in low resource settings and also for diagnosis, follow up treatment and epidemiological studies of cervical cancer. Key words: Visual inspection; VIA; cervical carcinoma; colposcopy; screening; epidemiological studies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v10i4.9494 BJMS 2011; 10 (4): 240-244

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A Clinico-epidemiological Study of Malaria Patients Admitted in A Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

Archives of Infectious Diseases & Therapy ◽

10.33140/anfs.04.02.06 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Test ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Case Report Form ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Mosquito Net ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

History Of

Malaria is a public health problem in 90 countries around the world affecting 300 million people and responsible for about 1 million deaths annually. Bangladesh is considered as one of the malaria endemic countries in Asia. Every year large number of people suffered for malaria. But there is little studies about clinico-epidemiology of malaria. Aim: To study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of malaria. Methods: This is a Prospective observational study that was conducted in all medicine unit of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh during August 2017 to June 2018. Total 55 patients were included in the study having malaria diagnosed by blood slide examination or rapid diagnostic test. Patients were enrolled in this study after getting written informed consent from the patient or attendant. Detail demographic and clinical data were recorded in structured case report form. Patients were regularly followed up and outcome recorded. Results: Results showed males (65.5%) of 25±15.109 years of age were the main sufferer. Majority (45%) came from low socio-economic condition (<5000 taka/month). 65.5% patients denied any history of recent travel to malarias’ area. 69.1% cases give history of using mosquito net, but only 25.5% have insecticide treated mosquito net. Majority (89.1%) were diagnosed as severe malaria and only few (10.9%) as uncomplicated malaria. Most of the diagnosis done at Chittagong Medical College Hospital, mainly presenting with coma or altered consciousness and convulsion. At field level diagnostic test done in 67.27% cases, of which RDT in 14.5%, BSE in 45.5% and both in 7.3% cases. 78.2% cases outcome were good with improvement and death occurred in 21.8% cases, mainly due to acute renal failure. Conclusion: Though we are making significant effort to control malaria, still we have to improve in controlling malaria based on both preventing the infection and on prompt effective treatment of the infection and illness when it does occur.

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TO COMPARE ESTIMATION OF GESTATIONAL AGE BY FOETAL TRANSCEREBELLAR DIAMETER WITH BIPARIETAL DIAMETER`, FEMUR LENGTH, ABDOMINAL CIRCUMFERENCE, HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE AT DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY AT SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAIPUR

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i6.1255 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Samta Solanki ◽

Anusha S ◽

B S Meena

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Abdominal Circumference ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Femur Length ◽

Medical College ◽

Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽

Biparietal Diameter ◽

The Mean

Background: Ultrasonographic assessment of gestational age by using different foetal parameter such as BPD, FL, AC are highly reliable in first and second trimester in pregnancy. In third trimester reliability of any single parameter has limitations. Methods: This was a hospital based comparative cross-sectional study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.M.S. Medical College and attached hospitals, Jaipur, Rajasthan. The period of study was from June 2018 to October 2019. Results: The mean TCD at 15 weeks and 40 weeks was 15.00 ± 0.00mm and 53.33±1.155mm respectively. The mean BPD at 16 weeks and 40 weeks was 33.50±0.70mm and 93±1.528mm respectively. The mean HC at 15 weeks and 40 weeks was 111.00±1,41mm and 340±2.00mm respectively. The mean FL at 15 weeks and 40 weeks was 18.50±0.70mm and 77.67±1.528mm respectively. The mean AC at 15 weeks and 40 weeks was 99.00±1.41mm and 365.33±8.32mm respectively. Conclusion: We conclude that foetal transcerebellar diameter can thus be used as an alternative foetal parameter to assess gestational age and can be used in cases of wrong dates or when other routine parameters are not conclusive or did not accurately predict gestational age for e.g. in cases of hydrocephalus, brachycephaly, dolicocephaly, intrauterine growth restriction, achondroplasia or short limb dwarfism. Keywords: Gestational age, Linear regression, BPD

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Management of Pelvic Fracture Urethral Injury- 147 Cases

KYAMC Journal ◽

10.3329/kyamcj.v10i4.45715 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 179-183

Author(s):

Hafiz Al Asad ◽

Nahid Rahman Zico ◽

AKM Shahadat Hossain ◽

Zulfia Zinat Chowhury ◽

Md Mostafizur Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Pelvic Fracture ◽

Urethral Catheter ◽

Urethral Injury ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College ◽

History Of ◽

Anastomotic Urethroplasty

Background: Dhaka Medical College Hospital is the highest referral center for PFUI. As anstomotic urethroplasty is a challenging surgery and most of the surgeons refer these type of injuries to our center, we performed this study to evaluate the outcome of our cases. Objective: This study aims to find the outcome and complications of perineal end to end anastomotic urethroplasty in the management of posterior urethral injury resulting from pelvic fracture. Materials and Methods: We performed 147 perineal bulbo-prostatic anastomotic urethroplasty for PFUIs from January, 2013 to May, 2019. Mean age was 37 years with majority between 21 to 50 years (>85%). Nine patients had history of failed anastomotic urethroplasty. After surgical intervention patients were discharged with a supra-pubic catheter (SPC) and per urethral catheter in situ. On 22nd POD urethral catheter was removed and SPC on the next day if patient can void normally. 1st and 2nd follow up done on of 3rd and 6th month respectively following surgery. If patient voided well and Qmax>15ml/ sec; repair was defined as successful. Results: Success rate of anastomotic urethroplasty for PFUI was 93.87%. Total 9 procedures were failed including 2 urethro-cutaneous fistula and needed re-do anastomosis. Erectile dysfunction (ED) was present in 18 patients before operation and after surgery 12 more patients developed ED and total number was 30 during first follow up, which reduced to 24 during second follow-up. Two patient developed incontinence which improved in subsequent follow-up. Conclusion: Anastomotic urethroplasty remains the gold standard in the management of PFUI. Erectile dysfunction is the main issue to be concerned and need special attention. KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 179-183

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Role of Maternal Smokeless Tobacco Ingestion During Pregnancy in Delivery of Preterm Babies

Bangladesh Journal of Child Health ◽

10.3329/bjch.v40i3.33052 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 135-138

Author(s):

Farzana Rahman Munmun ◽

Md Ekhlasur Rahman ◽

Ahmed Ferdous Jahangir ◽

Md Shamsul Arefin Patwary ◽

Abu Sayeed Chowdhury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

College Hospital ◽

Term Neonates ◽

Medical College ◽

History Of ◽

Preterm Babies ◽

Adverse Pregnancy

Background:Smokeless tobacco is an established cause of adverse pregnancy outcome. Preterm deliveries are quite high(14%) in our country and approximately 39% women in Bangladesh use smokeless tobacco (ST).Objective: To determine the outcome of maternal smokeless tobacco ingestion during pregnancy in delivery of preterm babies.Methods: A retrospective case control study was carried out in the department of Pediatrics & department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Dhaka Medical College Hospital between July 2010 to June 2011. Immediately after admission, detailed history of the newborn baby & mother was taken. A total of 100 cases (preterm babies) and 100 suitably matched controls (sick term neonates) were enrolled. Every case satisfying the selection criteria (inclusion & exclusion criteria) was enrolled in the study. The mother was asked whether she used to use smokeless tobacco (jorda, shada or gul) during pregnancy and about frequency and duration of ingestion of ST.Results: Baseline characteristics of cases and controls were comparable. ST user mothers of preterm babies used ST about 5 times a day. Maternal smokeless tobacco (ST) use during pregnancy was significantly associated (46%) with the delivery of preterm babies (p<0.001) and carries a risk of 2.7 times than that of non ST users.Conclusion: Maternal ST use ?5 times a day during pregnancy increases 2.7 folds risk of delivery of preterm babies than that of non-ingested.Bangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (3) :135-138

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