Patch testing in hand eczema: a cross-sectional study from a teaching hospital of North India

Background: Hand eczema is a common dermatological disorder in different occupational groups with multifactorial etiology. Patch Testing serves as an important tool for identifying responsible allergens.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology, SKIMS-MCH, Srinagar for duration of one year from June 2016 to June 2017. Patients of either gender with hand eczema, aged 18 years and above, presenting to outpatient department were enrolled in the study. After taking informed written consent from patients, a detailed history was taken, and clinical examination was performed on first visit. Patch testing with Indian Standard Series was performed a fortnight after complete resolution of signs and symptoms of eczema and after complete withdrawal of the drugs.Results: Out of 116 patients 60 (51.7%) were males and 56 (48.3%) were females. Male to female ratio was 1.07:1. Mean age of presentation of females was 35.42±12.52years and of males was 49.2±10.01years. The commonest allergen was Nickel sulphate (23.2%) followed by Potassium dichromate (15.1%). Nickel sulphate was most common allergen in females while Cobalt sulphate and Paraphenylene diamine were most common allergens in males. House wives (36.2%) and farmers (11.2%) were occupations with high frequency of hand eczema.Conclusions: Patch testing in clinically diagnosed cases of hand eczema can play a vital role in not just the confirmation of the label but can also reduce the socio-economic burden on such patients.

Download Full-text

Clinical evaluation and role of patch testing in identifying the exogenous causes in patients presenting with hand eczema

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20185081 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

S. Jyothi Lakshmi ◽

K. Gopalakrishnan

Keyword(s):

Patch Test ◽

Patch Testing ◽

Potassium Dichromate ◽

Morphological Type ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hand Eczema ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Patch Test ◽

Male Preponderance ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Background: Hand eczema is a common dermatological problem resulting from both allergic and irritant contactants. Patch testing helps in both diagnosing and identifying allergens.Methods: A cross sectional study wherein 110 patients with hand eczema attending Dermatology OPD were included and patch testing was done. Data was collected from April 2015 to July 2016 and was analysed for clinical and epidemiological characteristics.Results: The mean age of the patients studied was 40.27 years with male preponderance. Housewives were the major occupational group comprising 25.5% followed by masons 21.8% and farmers 10.9%. The commonest morphological type was hyperkeratotic type constituting 51.85%, followed by fingertip eczema 19.1%, discoid eczema 11.8%, wear and tear dermatitis 8.2%, recurrent focal palmar peeling 4.5% and pompholyx 4.5%. In the study group 60% of patients showed positive patch test result. A total 66 patients showed patch test positivity to a total of 69 allergens. Nickel was the most common allergen 27.3% identified followed by potassium dichromate 10.9%. Among female patients with positive patch test 70% reacted to nickel and similarly 83.5% of male patients reacted to potassium dichromate. Parthenium allergy was seen in 41.5% of farmers studied.Conclusions: Patch testing has a definitive role in diagnosing hand eczema caused by allergens. Identifying the allergen involved helps the clinician in advising the patient regarding further avoidance of contactants.

Download Full-text

Effects of time and recall of patch test results on quality of life (QoL) after testing. Cross-sectional study analyzing QoL in hand eczema patients 1, 5 and 10 years after patch testing

Contact Dermatitis ◽

10.1111/cod.12734 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 88-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wasim N. Jamil ◽

Magnus Lindberg

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Patch Test ◽

Patch Testing ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hand Eczema ◽

Test Results ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Download Full-text

Epidemiology, Clinico-Pathological Characteristics, and Comorbidities of SARS-CoV-2 infected Pakistani Patients

10.1101/2021.09.25.21264111 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Saadia Omer ◽

Muhammad Bilal Sarwar ◽

Muhammad Roman ◽

Muhammad Usman ◽

Muhammad Alam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Icu Patients ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Source Of Infection ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Complete Blood Counts

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 is a causative agent for COVI-19 disease, initially reported from Wuhan, China. Infected Patients experienced mild to severe symptoms, resulting in several fatalities due to a weak understanding of its pathogenesis, which is the same even to date. This cross-sectional study has been designed on four hundred and fifty-two symptomatic, mild-to-moderate, and severe/critical patients to understand the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with their comorbidities and response to treatment. The mean age of studied patients was (58±14.42) years, and the overall male to female ratio was 61.7 to 38.2%, respectively. 27.3% of the patients had a history of exposure, 11.9% travel history, while for 60% of patients, the source of infection was unknown. The most prevalent signs and symptoms in ICU patients were dry coughs, myalgias, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal discomfort, and abnormal Chest X-ray (p<0.001), along with the high percentage of hypertension (p=0.007) and COPD (p=0.029) as leading comorbidities. Complete Blood Counts indicators were significantly increased in severe patients, while the Coagulation Profile and D-dimer values were significantly higher in mild-to-moderate (non-ICU) patients (p < 0.001). Serum Creatinine (1.22 umole L-1; p = 0.016) and LDH (619 umol L-1; p < 0.001) indicators were significantly high in non-ICU patients while, raised values of Total Bilirubin (0.91 umol L-1; p = 0.054), CRP (84.68 mg L-1; p = 0.001) and Ferritin (996.81 mg L-1; p < 0.001) were found in ICU patients. Drug Dexamethasone was the leading prescribed and administrated medicine to the COVID-19 patients, followed by Remdesivir, Meropenem, Heparin, and Tocilizumab, respectively. A characteristic pattern of Ground glass opacities (GGO), consolidation, and interlobular septal thickening were prominent in severely infected patients. These findings could be used for future research, control, and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.

Download Full-text

Ocular Manifestations of Leprosy Patients on Multidrug Therapy in a Teaching Hospital of South Karnataka

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/322 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (21) ◽

pp. 1706-1710

Author(s):

Pradeep Addagadde Venkataramana ◽

Rajshekar Rajshekar ◽

Shruthi Amalagondhi Manjunatha

Keyword(s):

Drug Therapy ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Clinical History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multidrug Therapy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Ocular Manifestations ◽

Need To Evaluate ◽

Leprosy Patients

BACKGROUND Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Several ocular manifestations occur before and during multi drug therapy (MDT) and they can continue to occur even after the completion in bacteriologically cured patients. Blindness is a catastrophic event that can occur by several mechanisms at any stage. We need to learn and recognise the early signs and symptoms of ocular complications, so that we can treat the patient early. We need to evaluate the pattern of ocular manifestation in leprosy patients on MDT (Multi Drug Therapy). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted over a duration of six months on diagnosed cases of leprosy and those cured from leprosy. Data was collected by clinical history with slit lamp examination, fundus examination, and laboratory investigation. RESULTS Total 30 patients were included in the study in which 13 patients were on MDT, 7 newly detected cases and 10 treated cases. 22 were males and 8 were females with male - female ratio of 2.75:1. Average age of presentation was 46 years with range from 18 - 80 years. 56 % had ocular manifestations in this study. Ocular lesions were more in cases who had leprosy for ≥ 16 years. Visual acuity ranged from 6 / 6 to PL + ve. Lagophthalmos was noted in 4 cases, cataract in 6 cases, exposure keratitis in 2, chalky white deposits on cornea in 2, spheroidal degeneration in 2, iris atrophy in 2, and pterygium in 2 cases. CONCLUSIONS Patients who completed treatment for MDT require periodic monitoring to detect ocular morbidity early and to prevent visual loss. KEYWORDS Leprosy, Multidrug Therapy, Exposure Keratitis, Lagophthalmos

Download Full-text

Sociodemographic characteristics of the patients of Tonsillitis attended in OPD of a district level Hospital

Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.3329/bjo.v23i2.45165 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 180-186

Author(s):

Md Sirajul Islam Mahfuz ◽

Md Ahmedul Kabir

Keyword(s):

Rural Area ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

District Level ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Age Group ◽

Acute Tonsillitis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Female Male Female

Aim: To find out the tonsillitis patients and also find out its sociodemographic characteristics in district level of Bangladesh. Method: This was a prospective cross sectional study, which was carried in out patients of tonsillitis attended in OPD of 250 Bedded General Hospital, Gopalganj. All the patients of acute tonsillitis, chronic tonsillitis and adenoid hypertrophy were selected from OPD irrespective of sex during the period of July 2015 to June 2016. Age ranges from 0-90 years and person residents of Gopalganj and adjacent districts. Result: In this study 45.54% were male and 54.46% were female. Male female ratio 1:1.2.Majority of patients were age group 0-15 years (55.97%) Mean age of patient 45 years. Maximum family had monthly income TK 10,000 to 20,000 and maximum patients were dependent (30%) 5-6 family members were highest group, 60% patients lived in katcha house, 75% lived in rural area 35% patients used to bath in pond and majority of patients primary and JSC qualification. The majority of signs and symptoms were sore throat (100%), red, swollen tonsil (26%); white pus filled spots on the tonsil (38%); swollen lymph node in neck (60%) and bad breath (halitosis) (38%). Conclusion: Tonsillitis is still high in rural area of our country and commonly found in younger age group. Thus improvement of related socioeconomic factors, health awareness campaign, improved health education and early accessibility can reduce the incidence of disease. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2017; 23(2): 180-186

Download Full-text

ASSESSMENT OF SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS REGARDING HELPING BABIES BREATH INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE NEWBORN CARE IN RURAL DISTRICT OF SINDH

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v7i1.24 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

Sheh Mureed ◽

Muhammad Hassan Gandro ◽

Walid Hassan

Keyword(s):

Newborn Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vital Role ◽

Skilled Birth Attendants ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neonatal Deaths ◽

Birth Attendants ◽

Study Results ◽

Knowledge And Practice ◽

Labour Room

Background: Globally, 3.1 million newborn deaths occur every year out of these estimated 400,000 neonatal deaths occur in Pakistan. All neonatal deaths 99% take place in poorest region and countries of the world, usually within hours of birth; mostly the cause of neonatal deaths is hypoxia. To access knowledge and practice of SBAs regarding HBB and to access the availability of equipments required for HBB. Methods: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study on SBAs as trained in HBB. All 46 SBAs trained on HBB working in Labour room eight rural Health centers, four Taluka, One district Head Quarter Health Facilities and thirteen Mlbcs of the district, were included in the sample for study. All 41 SBAs were trained on HBB participated in the study. Results: Mean age of 30 years. Out of total 41 participants 25 were working in B-EmoNC (61%), 3in C-EmoNC (7.3%) and 13 in mid wife laid birth Centre (MLBC) or birth station (31.7%). About 92.7% of participants said that main purpose of HBB training is to decrease the NMR by improving newborn care. Drying of newborn is 82.7%, hand washing is 95.12% and 85.3% of the study participants said that they gave 30-40 breaths per minutes. Cord clamp and pair of ties was accessible to 85% of participants versus 14.3% who reported it's not accessible. Almost one quarter (34.1%) participants have low knowledge and practice. Knowledge and training had significant effect on the overall practices of the skilled birth attendants for skilled birth deliveries and reduce the neonatal deaths (P <0.001). Conclusion: Tools play a vital role for the implication of the knowledge into practices and tools were available almost to every participant. Although few barriers also identified for the less application of the helping hand babies trainings in the community.

Download Full-text

Risk Factors, Pattern and Outcome of Motorcycle-associated Head Injury in Sokoto: An Analysis of 184 Cases

Indian Journal of Neurotrauma ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1722553 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Henry Olayere Obanife ◽

Nasiru Jinjiri Ismail ◽

Ali Lasseini ◽

Bello B. Shehu ◽

Ega J. Otorkpa

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Head Injury ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

Significant Negative Impact

Abstract Background Road traffic accident (RTA) is the eighth leading cause of death worldwide. Motorcycle-associated head injury is the leading cause of road traffic associated morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Even though the incidence and mortality of head injury from motor cycle crash is on the increase in developing countries, especially in the African continent, most of the studies published in the literature on this subject matter took place in the developed Western countries. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of data from patients managed in our institution between December 2014 and November 2016. Results One hundred and eighty-four patients were analyzed. None of the patients used safety helmet for protection. The mean age was 27.6 ± 17.2 years with male female ratio of 6.7:1. Lone crash by cyclists and collisions accounted for 66.8% and 33.1% of the cases, respectively. Passengers and riders comprised 75% of the patients, while 25% were vulnerable pedestrians. The most frequently abused substance by the patients was tramadol (65.52%). Severe head injury and pupillary abnormality were found in 23.9% and 45.5% of the patients, respectively. Cranial CT scan showed abnormalities in 40.2% of the patients. Surgery was done in 28.3% of the patients with mortality rate of 20.7%. Conclusions The use of motorcycle as a mean of transportation has caused significant negative impact on the society. Young people, who constitute the workforce, are majorly affected, and this invariably leads to a serious economic burden on the concerned families and communities.

Download Full-text

Differential expression of micro RNA-29 family in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-021-05703-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Uzair Abbas ◽

Bushra Imdad ◽

Sikander Adil Mughal ◽

Israr Ahmed Baloch ◽

Afshan Mehboob Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Family History ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vital Role ◽

Micro Rna ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

History Of

Abstract Objective MicroRNAs are known to regulate 60% of genes at post translational level. MicroRNAs including Micro RNA-29 family play a vital role in cellular activities and have validate role in numerous metabolic disorders inclusive of diabetes mellitus and its complications. While micro RNA profile changes years before the occurrence of disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents to explore the early changes in expression of micro RNA-29 family as it can be served as early biomarker of type 2 diabetes in non-diabetic adults. This study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2021. Micro RNA was extracted from plasma of 50 participants and expression was compared through qPCR. While data was analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. Results 29a and 29b had lower expression in participants with family history of DM compared to those having no family history of DM (P < 0.0001). While micro RNA 29c was found to be significantly higher in participants with positive family history of type 2 diabetes as compared to those without family history of diabetes (P = 0.001).

Download Full-text

Frequency of High MELD Score in Cirrhotic Patients undergoing Liver Resection due to Hepatocellular Carcinoma

10.53350/pjmhs211592841 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 2841-2843

Author(s):

Muhammad Omer Farooq ◽

Niaz Ahmed ◽

Hassan Nadeem ◽

Kashif Rafi ◽

Sadia Jabbar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Liver Resection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Meld Score ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Score Study ◽

Insignificant Difference ◽

Cirrhotic Patients ◽

Male To Female

Objective: To determine the frequency of high MELD score in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver resection due to hepatocellular carcinoma also compare the frequency of mortality in patients with high or low MELD score. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration: Department of Gastroenterology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. Duration: 6months i.e. 23 12-2017 to 22-06-2018. Methodology: 75 patients were enrolled. Then blood sample was obtained. Reports assessed and MELD score calculated. Scores were labeled as high or low. Patients underwent liver resection according to BCLC. The mortality was noted. All the collected data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 22. Results: In this study out of total 75 cases 60 were males and 15 females. The mean age of patients was 39.44±9.76 years, male to female ratio was 4:1. Low MELD class was noted in 45 (60%) cases and high MELD class noted in 30(40%) cases. Mortality occurred in 27(36%) cases. Insignificant difference found between the MELD class with mortality. Conclusion: High MELD score was seen in 40% cirrhotic patients undergoing liver resection due to HCC. Post HCC resection, mortality occurred in 36% patients within three months of surgery. No significant association was found between the mortality and MELD score. Keywords: MELD, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Mortality, Cirrhosis

Download Full-text