A study of relation between primary open angle glaucoma and type II diabetes mellitus

Background: Primary open angle glaucoma has been characterized by its adult onset, IOP >21mmHg at some point in the course of the disease, open angles on gonioscopy, glaucomatous visual field changes and glaucomatous optic nerve damage. POAG is a multi-factorial disease such as age, black race, positive family history, high myopia etc. Diabetes mellitus has also been considered as one of the risk factors, but no major study has been conducted to provide tangible proof.Methods: This cross sectional, case control study was conducted to determine whether diabetes stands as a risk factor in development of glaucoma. The selected patients were divided into 3 groups based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were subjected to complete ocular examination including gonioscopy and perimetry.Results: The 16 patients from 50 of the diabetic group (28%) were found to have POAG. The p value was <0.005 which was statistically significant. Also, no correlation was found between blood sugar and IOP levels in these patients.Conclusions: These data show a significant correlation between diabetes and glaucoma. Further studies are warranted to determine its actual role in pathogenesis of glaucoma.

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Diabetes Mellitus and the risk of Primary open angle glaucoma

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.3126/nepjoph.v9i1.17526 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 17-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P Lavaju ◽

S Shah ◽

S Sharma ◽

R Maskey

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Open Angle ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the risk factors for Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Inclusion of DM as a risk factor for POAG is controversial. The objectives of the study were to investigate whether Type II (T2) DM is a risk factor for POAG and to determine central corneal thickness (CCT) in the subjects with T2DM and to examine the relationship between T2DM and intraocular pressure (IOP).Materials and methods: A comparative cross sectional study was conducted including 189 subjects of age > 40 years. In Group I, 113 patients diagnosed with T2DM and Group II, age and sex matched 76 subjects with POAG without DM was included. Detailed ocular examination, IOP, CCT and funduscopy evaluation was done. Results: Most of the patients were more than 60 years of age with mean age 58 ± 11 years. Male: female ratio was 1:1. POAG was seen in 27.4% of patients with T2DM. Mean IOP in T2DM was 14.67± 2.63mmHg and in non diabetic, 17.25±4.47 mmHg (p <0.00). In group I, mean CCT was 538.83± 22.7μm and in group II, 531.26 ± 20.9μm (p-0.126). There was no association between CCT and glaucoma (p=0.072, 95% CI: -0.76 –17.46). The study could not elicit an association of T2DM with glaucoma. Duration of T2DM did not affect an association between T2DM and glaucoma (p-0.757). Random blood sugar (p<0.001) and oral hypoglycemic drugs (p=0.030) showed an association with glaucoma. Conclusion: The study failed to show an association between T2DM and primary open angle glaucoma and CCT though an association seen with IOP. A larger prospective comparative study may be help in understanding this association.

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Association of diabetes mellitus and high myopia in primary open angle glaucoma

Health Renaissance ◽

10.3126/hren.v10i1.6005 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

S Bhattarai ◽

K Sapkota ◽

SMN Prabhudesai ◽

JK Shrestha ◽

AK Sharma

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

High Myopia ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Open Angle ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Association ◽

Diagnosis Of Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), a chronic, slowly progressive, optic neuropathy, is insidious in onset and painless, until it has caused a significant loss of vision and visual field. Diabetes mellitus and high myopia are the major risk factor of POAG. Objectives: To determine correlation of diabetes mellitus and high myopia in POAG and to estimate the duration of onset of POAG from the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and high myopia. Method: This retrospective and cross sectional study was conducted in Prabhudesai eye clinic, Pune, India. All the patients diagnosed as POAG from 1st September 2008 to 1st March 2009 AD were included in this study. Association of high myopia with diabetes mellitus was determined by SPSS 13 software. The average duration of onset of POAG after the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and high myopia was calculated. Results: There were 63.3% (38) male and 36.7% (22) female out of 60 patients of POAG with mean age 54.4±15.4 years. Among them, 27 (45.0%) patients had diabetes mellitus or high myopia. Onset of POAG was found to occur after 11.1±8.3 years of the diagnosis of diabetes and 10.6±3.2 years after the diagnosis of high myopia. Conclusion: The incidence of diabetes mellitus and high myopia was high and significantly associated in primary open angle glaucoma. POAG was detected soon after the onset of diabetes mellitus and high myopia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v10i1.6005 HREN 2012; 10(1): 35-39

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PG - 56: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Case-Control Study

Annals of SBV ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10085-7174 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 64-64

Author(s):

Sunil Kumar Saxena ◽

Anahita Kate ◽

Shashi Ahuja

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Case Control ◽

Open Angle ◽

Control Study

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Clinical and epidemiological study in patients with glaucoma in tertiary eye center, Bhaktapur

10.21203/rs.3.rs-36232/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nirsara Shrestha ◽

Sangeeta Shrestha ◽

Deepak Khadka ◽

Arjun Shrestha ◽

Barsha Suwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Early Detection ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Positive Association ◽

Angle Closure ◽

P Value ◽

Open Angle ◽

Screening Programs

Abstract Background Glaucoma is increasing as a significant global health problem being the major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Early detection and timely management of glaucoma can decrease the burden of blindness worldwide.Methods This was a retrospective hospital -based study conducted at Glaucoma unit in CHEERS Hospital, Bhaktapur from August 2015 to July 2019. Patients demographic profile, along with a comprehensive examination, reviewed from the records. Collected data included: age, sex, race/ethnicity, intraocular pressure, cup/disc ratio, different types of glaucoma, visual field. Data analysis dome with IBM SPSS version 24 and was presented in mean (±SD), frequency and proportions and chi- square test was applied. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Total of 312 glaucoma cases were reviewed and included in this study. The mean age presentation was 61.89±14.4 years, and maximum number (52.6%) was between ages 60-79 years. The majority of patients were primary open angle glaucoma (173, 55.4%) followed by primary angle closure (92, 29.5%). The association between all types of glaucoma and increasing age was statistically significant (P<0.001). Similarly, the association between all types of glaucoma with positive family history and caste/ ethnicity was statistically significant (P<0.001).Conclusion This study showed primary open angle glaucoma as the most common glaucoma. There was a positive association seen between all types of glaucoma with increasing age (beyond age of 40 years) and family history of glaucoma. Screening programs in population with risk factors and opportunistic eye examinations should be conducted for early detection of glaucoma.Trial registration: retrospective registered

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