scholarly journals Surgical causes of abdominal pain in children: a retrospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2283
Author(s):  
Balaji Dhanaram ◽  
Sakthivel Chandrasekar ◽  
Baskar Muthukumaraswamy
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Mesenteric Adenitis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Abdominal pain is a very prevalent problem in children and one of the common causes for visit to the hospital. They may be of acute or chronic presentation and depending on severity may also require admission to hospital.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in our hospital over a period of 3 years. About 200 children who came to the hospital with abdominal pain and received treatment in surgical outpatient or referred to surgery department from emergency were included in this study and all relevant data were collected.Results: The pain was found to be more in boys and in the age group of 9 to 12years. The most common cause was found to be mesenteric adenitis followed by acute appendicitis. About 38% of children required surgical intervention on that admission due to various surgical causes.Conclusions: The database of our retrospective study regarding age and sex incidence, clinicopathological features and therapeutic outcome was comparable to other studies in various literatures.

scholarly journals Etiologies of abdominal pain emergencies in pediatrics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Atta Youssef ◽  
Aishah Mohammad Alkhaldi ◽  
Manar Mohammed Alshahrani ◽  
Abdullah Tariq Almalki ◽  
Amjad Ali Alahmari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Attending Physicians

Reports showed that children usually complained of acute abdominal pain, which indicated the presence of severe underlying conditions and can have significant clinical importance. Serious challenges have been reported in healthcare settings where an urgent evaluation of the cases was necessary to adequately manage the patient before developing serious complications that might even end up with death. Some of these conditions included intussusception, appendicitis, volvulus and adhesions. Although estimates indicated that only around 1% of pediatric patients with acute abdominal pain usually required surgical intervention, concerns regarding the overlooking and misdiagnosis of significant conditions that might have severe prognostic outcomes were aroused among the different emergency departments. This study reviewed the common causes of acute abdominal pain among children admitted to the emergency department. Our results indicated that various etiologies can develop acute abdominal pain and therefore, establishing an adequate diagnosis by differentiating between the different etiologies should be done by the attending physicians to enhance the outcomes and adequately manage the admitted patients. Gastrointestinal causes of acute abdominal pain were the commonest to cause admissions to the emergency department. However, care should also be provided to the less common conditions, which might include genitourinary and pulmonary disorders and therefore, a thorough examination of children should be provided not to conduct a misdiagnosis of the underlying condition.

Does Hydrogen Peroxide Mouthwash Improve the Outcome of Secondary Post-Tonsillectomy Bleed? A 10-year Review

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irumee Pai ◽  
Stephen Lo ◽  
Satsuki Brown ◽  
Abbad G. Toma
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
The Common

Objective: To determine whether hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) mouthwash influences the outcome of secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage in children. Study Design: Ten-year retrospective study of all children with secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage. Setting: Tertiary otolaryngology center. Results: Of the 156 patients, 59 received H2O2 and 97 did not. All patients received broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics. The average rehospitalization duration due to hemorrhage was 1.7 days (H2O2 group) and 1.6 days (control group). In the H2O2 group, 8.5% required surgery, compared with 10.3% in the control group. Further hemorrhage episodes requiring readmission occurred in 3.4% of the H2O2 group and 3.1% of controls. There was no difference between the 2 groups in rehospitalization duration ( P = 0.49), rate of surgical intervention ( P = 0.85), and rate of readmission with further hemorrhage ( P = 0.92). Conclusion: Hydrogen peroxide mouthwash does not improve the outcome of secondary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage in pediatric patients. Significance: This study does not support the common practice of treating post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage with H2O2.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological study of patients with pancytopenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Y. Srinivas ◽  
Mohammed Elyas
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Reticulocyte Count ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Failure ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common

Background: Pancytopenia is due to bone marrow failure characterized by anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. It a common hematological disorder. Low blood counts in the bone marrow failure disease result from deficient hematopoiesis. Marrow damage and dysfunction also may be secondary to infection, inflammation, or cancer. Pancytopenia has an extensive differential diagnosis and it can result from damage to bone marrow destruction of preformed blood cells peripherally with increased reticulocyte count. Aim of the study were to study the different etiological conditions and clinical features of pancytopenia in rural medical college.Methods: This study has been conducted in the department of general medicine in association with the pathology department and between March 2019 to February 2020, 45 patients were included in this study. males were 27 and females were 18. The age group is between 20 years and 60 years. 2 ml of anticoagulant blood send for HB% total count, platelet count, packed cell volume, and RBC indices.Results: The total no. of patients included in this study were 45 among these 45 patients, males were 27, and females were 18. The common age group is between 20 and 60 years and the common causes of aplastic anemia in our study are megaloblastic anemia.Conclusions: Pancytopenia is a common hematological problem in India. In our study megaloblastic anemia is the most common cause of pancytopenia females are affected during pregnancy. So, periodical clinically examined and investigations may reduce the incidence. of further research with a large sample size and meticulous investigations required to replicate the finding of the study.

Incidence of Appendicitis in Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3172-3173
Author(s):  
Maaz-ul-, Hassan ◽  
Syed Muhammad Shah ◽  
Ali Akbar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
Imaging Result ◽  
Diagnostic Symptoms ◽  
Common Infection

Background: Appendicitis is a common infection which can lead to serious illness in children as well as adults. Objective: To assess the incidence of appendicitis in adults. Study Design: Retrospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of General Surgery, Shalamar Medical & Dental College, Lahore from 1st January 2020 to 30th June 2021. Methodology: One hundred and eighty cases registered for abdominal pain in right iliac fossa. The appendectomy cases of adults (>45 years) were scrutinized from these cases. Demographic and clinical information was gathered from each appendicitis patient with diagnostic symptoms as well as histopathology and radiology imaging. Result: Eighty seven were confirmed acute appendicitis with 48 males and 39 females within the age group of 45-75 years. Gangrenous appendicitis was presented in 11.5% and perforated appendicitis was noticed in 31.03% of the total patients. Conclusion: The incidence of appendicitis was 48.33% in adults. Keywords: Appendectomy, Perforated, Misdiagnosis

scholarly journals Mannheim Peritonitis Index (Mpi) Score as A Predictor of Outcome in Patients with Secondary Peritonitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Pravin Joshi ◽  
Rajesh Poudel ◽  
Kailash Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Mannheim Peritonitis Index ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Post Operative Period ◽  
Surgical Emergencies ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis ◽  
The Common

INTRODUCTION: Secondary bacterial peritonitis from hollow viscous perforation is one of the common surgical emergencies and carries higher mortality. Several scoring systems are applied to predict the outcome of patients with perforation peritonitis. Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) is one among many. Our aim of the study is to evaluate Mannheim peritonitis Index for predicting the outcome in patient with secondary bacterial peritonitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa from February 2012 to July 2013. All patients clinically diagnosed as peritonitis and who underwent laparotomy were included in the study. MPI score of all the study patients were calculated and categorized into three groups depending upon the score; less than 15, 15-25 and more than 25. Mortality of patients from each group was calculated and predictive value of each factor was determined.  RESULTS: Total 60 patients were included in the study. Forty-four were male and sixteen were female. There were total five mortalities. All were of above 50 years age group. Patients beyond 50 years of age had a significantly higher (p = .005) probability of dying in the early post-operative period. MPI score more than 15 was not statistically significant (p = .06), patients with MPI more than 25 had more probability of dying, hazard ratio (HR 3.4 with 95% CI).Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol.04 No.02 Issue 14, page: 6-9

scholarly journals A Retrospective and Epidemiological Survey of Patients with Esophagus Cancer in Ilam City During a 10 Years Period

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Hamed Zarei ◽  
Hamed Tavan
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Esophagus Cancer ◽  
The Common

Background: esophagus cancer is the sixth deadly cancer among other types with high rate of death which has made it one of the common cancers. Based on what mentioned, this retrospective study was designed to assess the tumor incidence rate in a 10 years period in Ilam city.Materials and methods: this is a retrospective study during 1385 till 1394 in Ilam city. Our source of patients was the afflicted patients. The sample size and the statistical society of research were determined based on census. The research materials included of two types first included the demographic information of patients (age, gender, tumor type, level of education, residency, smoking and lipid profile) and the second part was some information about the esophagus cancer (anatomical site, pathologic findings and lipid profile).using SPSS version 19, the data was analyzed. Results: the statistical society included 150 individuals afflicted with esophagus cancer in which the most prevalent age group was men older than 70 years (31.3%). In terms of anatomical site, the middle third of esophagus had 75 cases (50%), the last third had 45 cases (30%) and the first third had 30 (20%) individuals. Furthermore, as time went on, the number of new cases increased. Conclusion: the risk factors for occurring the cancer were the age group greater than 70 years, being male, lower educational situation, unemployment, living in an urban areas, smoking, hereditary, hyperlipidemia (LDL, TG, CHOL) and finding tumor in middle third of esophagus (because of existing helicobacter pylori virus and impropriate diet). Being able to identify endangered people, one could begin treating patients and thereby, saving time, cost and increasing the rate of survivors.

scholarly journals Adenomyosis: correlating clinical suspicion with histopathological diagnosis in a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4674
Author(s):  
Preet Kamal ◽  
Ripan Bala ◽  
Madhu Nagpal ◽  
Harleen Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
The Common ◽  
Chronic Cervicitis

Background: Adenomyosis and leiomyoma are the common causes of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). In this study it is aimed to evaluate the correlation of clinical and histopathological examination (HPE) of these entities leading to abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on hysterectomy specimens of subjects who presented themselves in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of medical sciences and research, Amritsar with chief complaints of AUB not responding to conservative treatment.Results: A total of 100 women with clinical diagnosis of AUB in which hysterectomies were performed, leiomyoma was found in 42% cases, adenomyosis in 22% cases. The most frequent combination of diagnosis was leiomyoma and adenomyosis i.e. 26%. In 9% cases chronic cervicitis and ovarian cyst were detected. In one case endometrial malignancy was found.Conclusions: Though adenomyosis and leiomyoma are clinically diagnosed along with other pathological conditions of the reproductive organs but their confirmation is still to be relied upon HPE; a most important investigation.

scholarly journals The Colostomy Complications in Anorectal Malformation: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ali Hamdi ◽  
Wamedh Mustafa Mohamed ◽  
Usama Faris Taha Al-Ani
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Associated Anomalies ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Stoma Formation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Indications And Complications ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract Background A colostomy is a surgical approach that creates an opening for the colon, or/and large intestine through the abdomen. Anorectal malformations are a group of abnormalities of the rectum and anus that are present at birth. Objective To analyze the common complications of colostomy in anorectal formations. Methods This was a retrospective study conducted on 50 temporary colostomies performed in children at the Surgical Department of the Abu Ghraib General Hospital in the period from January 2018 to January 2020. Information was collected regarding the patients' age, sex, body weight, associated anomalies, colostomy types and sites, and the indications and complications of colostomies. Results A total of 44 (88%) cases were reported in the children's 1st month of life. The ratio of male to female was 1:1. Pelvic colostomy was performed in 48 (96%) patients, as 40 (80%) children underwent a loop-type, and 8 (16%) patients underwent double-barrel colostomy. Transverse colostomy was performed on two patients. Prolapse occurred in 50% of the patients, and skin excoriations occurred in 22% .A total of 10% of the children developed sepsis. Bleeding was seen in 4% of the children after colostomy performance. Stenosis presented in 6% of the children, and this was corrected by repeated dilatation and re-fashioning. Obstruction of intestines was observed in one patient. The retraction developed in 6% of patients. Conclusions Imperforate anus was the most common indication for stoma formation in the pediatric age group. Loop colostomy was the most common type used, and it had the highest rate of complications. Prolapses and skin excoriation were the most common complications found.

scholarly journals CLINICAL PROFILE OF CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH SEIZURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Thakur ◽  
Sumeet Verma
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Acute Symptomatic Seizure ◽  
The Common

Background: This study is to describe the clinical profile of children presenting with seizure including common causes of seizure and classify the seizure types. Methods:  Hospital-based, analytic and descriptive study. This study includes all children in the age group 6 months to 12 years who presented in the department of paediatrics with seizure. Results: Seizures presented with fever in 36.00% of cases Conclusions: Seizures are one of the common causes of hospitalization. It can be inferred from this study that CNS infections are the most common cause of acute symptomatic seizure. The improvement in health care facilities like sanitation and immunization is warranted to prevent it. Keywords: Seizures, GTCS, Children

scholarly journals Characteristics of Cholelithiasis Patients in Dr. Achmad Mochtar General Hospital Bukittinggi on January 2019 - December 2020

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1405-1410
Author(s):  
Muhammad Reza Azriyantha ◽  
Ambiar Manjas
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
The Common ◽  
Type Of Surgery

Background. Cholelithiasis is a condition where there are stones in the gallbladder or the common bile duct or both. This study aims to describe the characteristics of cholelithiasis patients in RSUD Dr. Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi. Methods. This research is a descriptive observational study on the incidence of cholelithiasis in hospitals. Dr. Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi period January 2019 – December 2020. A total of 224 research subjects participated in this study. Secondary data was collected from medical records of research subjects, including data on age, gender, body mass index, clinical symptoms, and type of surgery. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS 25 software. Results. Cholelithiasis was most commonly found in the age group over 50 years (47.8%), normal BMI (46%) cases. The most complained symptom in cholelithiasis patients in this study was abdominal pain (61.6%). All cholelithiasis patients (100%) in this study underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Conclusion. Cholelithiasis patients who underwent surgery in hospitals. Dr. Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi for the period January 2019 – December 2020 were 224 patients. The majority of patients over 50 years of age, women, had a normal BMI. The patient frequently complained of abdominal pain and all had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

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