scholarly journals Morphological study of cervical spinal body and vertebral body anatomy: CT scan based

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1540
Author(s):  
A. K. Chaurasiya ◽  
Anil Dawar ◽  
Rajneesh Gour ◽  
Kunal Vaidya
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Vertebral Level ◽  
Canal Diameter

Background: The morphometery of the cervical spine vertebra is of clinical importance in traumatic, degenerative and inflammatory condition requiring surgery and instrumentation. The aim of this study was to determine the mid-sagittal, AP Transverse diameter, AP diameter of cervical vertebral body, surface area of canal and torg ratio at level C2 –C7.Methods: Study was performed in the department of general surgery, GMC and Hamidia Hospital Bhopal from January 2016 - June 2020 in 300 patients with clinically apparent cervical spondylosis and cervical spine injury belongs to central India of age group 20- 88 years including males and females by gathering their parameters (height and weight) and CT of cervical region from C1 to D1 spine.Results: In our study maximum sagittal canal diameter in males was found at C2 vertebral level (14.14 mm) and minimum at C4 vertebral level (14.00 mm) whereas the maximum sagittal canal diameter in females was found at C2 and C7 vertebral level (14.00 mm) and minimum at C4 vertebral level (13.82 mm) while mean sagittal canal diameter was greater in males than females. The maximum transverse canal diameter in both males and female was found at C7 level, it measures 21.09 mm in males and 21.38 mm in females.Conclusions: The CT scan can provide accurate cervical canal measurement that could serve as useful guide in preoperative surgical planning, instrumentation and size of prosthesis. 

Mid-sagittal canal diameter and vertebral body/canal ratio of the cervical spine in Koreans

1994 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwan Mo Lee ◽  
Nam Hyun Kim ◽  
Ho Jeong Kim ◽  
In Hyuk Chung
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Canal Diameter

scholarly journals Computerized Tomographic Morphometric Analysis of the Cervical Spine

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
DS Evangelopoulos ◽  
P Kontovazenitis ◽  
S Kouris ◽  
X Zlatidou ◽  
LM Benneker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Transverse Foramen ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Detailed knowledge of cervical canal and transverse foramens’ morphometry is critical for understanding the pathology of certain diseases and for proper preoperative planning. Lateral x-rays do not provide the necessary accuracy. A retrospective morphometric study of the cervical canal was performed at the authors’ institution to measure mean dimensions of sagittal canal diameter (SCD), right and left transverse foramens’ sagittal (SFD) and transverse (TFD) diameters and minimum distance between spinal canal and transverse foramens (dSC-TF) for each level of the cervical spine from C1-C7, using computerized tomographic scans, in 100 patients from the archives of the Emergency Room. Results: Significant differences for SCD were detected between C1 and the other levels of the cervical spine for both male and female patients. For the transverse foramen, significant differences in sagittal diameters were detected at C3, C4, C5 levels. For transverse diameters, significant differences at C3 and C4 levels. A significant difference of the distance between the transverse spinal foramen and the cervical canal was measured between left and right side at the level of C3. This difference was equally observed to male and female subjects. Conclusion: CT scan can replace older conventional radiography techniques by providing more accurate measurements on anatomical elements of the cervical spine that could facilitate diagnosis and preoperative planning, thus avoiding possible trauma to the vertebral arteries during tissue dissection and instrument application.

Fracture dislocation of the cervical spine with gross displacement

1975 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Cervical Spine Injury ◽  
Fracture Dislocation ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case of cervical spine injury is presented in which complete displacement of one vertebral body was accompanied by only mild quadriparesis.

scholarly journals Cervical spine injuries in pediatric athletes: mechanisms and management

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Jagannathan ◽  
Aaron S. Dumont ◽  
Daniel M. Prevedello ◽  
Christopher I. Shaffrey ◽  
John A. Jane
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Cervical Spine Injury ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Cervical Spine Injuries ◽  
Cord Injury

✓Sports-related injuries to the spine, although relatively rare compared with head injuries, contribute to significant morbidity and mortality in children. The reported incidence of traumatic cervical spine injury in pediatric athletes varies, and most studies are limited because of the low prevalence of injury. The anatomical and biomechanical differences between the immature spine of pediatric patients and the mature spine of adults that make pediatric patients more susceptible to injury include a greater mobility of the spine due to ligamentous laxity, shallow angulations of facet joints, immature development of neck musculature, and incomplete ossification of the vertebrae. As a result of these differences, 60 to 80% of all pediatric vertebral injuries occur in the cervical region. Understanding pediatric injury biomechanics in the cervical spine is important to the neurosurgeon, because coaches, parents, and athletes who place themselves in positions known to be associated with spinal cord injury (SCI) run a higher risk of such injury and paralysis. The mechanisms of SCI can be broadly subclassified into five types: axial loading, dislocation, lateral bending, rotation, and hyperflexion/hyperextension, although severe injuries often result from a combination of more than one of these subtypes. The aim of this review was to detail the characteristics and management of pediatric cervical spine injury.

scholarly journals Comparison of Dorsal-to-Ventral Ratios of the Cervical Paraspinal Musculature in French Bulldogs With and Without Cervical Intervertebral Disk Disease and Two Other Breeds Based on CT Scan Measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Hart ◽  
Stefan Rupp ◽  
Katinka Hartmann ◽  
Carolin Fischer ◽  
Pia Düver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Intervertebral Disk ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Major Factors

Objective: To objectively assess the cervical paraspinal musculature of French bulldogs (FBs) using computed tomography (CT) scan-based measurements, outline differences in other breeds published in the literature, and investigate the potential influence of its cervical paraspinal musculature on predisposed sites for intervertebral disk disease.Animals: Thirty FBs that underwent CT scans of the cervical spine from the skull to C7/T1 were enrolled. Fifteen dogs were patients suffering from intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH group), and 15 dogs underwent CT scans due to brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS group).Methods: At the level of each cervical intervertebral disk from C2/C3 to C7/T1, measurements were performed and statistically analyzed. On the sagittal CT scan reconstruction, the height ratio of the dorsal to ventral paraspinal musculature and the angle of the disk axis to vertebral body length were assessed. On the transverse plane, the area ratio of the dorsal and ventral paraspinal musculature and the ratio of force moments were determined at each intervertebral disk level. Finally, ratios were compared to the values of Labrador retrievers and dachshunds published by Hartmann et al. (1).Results: Comparing the two FB groups, one significant difference was detected in the mean height ratio of the dorsal to ventral paraspinal musculature at the level of C5/C6 (P = 0.0092) and C6/C7 (P = 0.0076), with IVDH FBs having the more prominent dorsal paraspinal musculature. At the level of C3/C4, a significantly less prominent dorsal paraspinal musculature in FBs than in dachshunds (P = 0.0058) and a significantly steeper disk to vertebral body angulation were observed (P = 0.0005).Conclusion: Although some incidental differences were found, most parameters did not significantly differ between the BOAS and IVDH FBs. Significant conformational differences in the cervical paraspinal musculature and disk to vertebral body length angulation were found between FBs and two other breeds (chondrodystrophic and non-chondrodystrophic). This study's findings suggest that the paraspinal musculature is an additional biomechanical influencing factor on the preferential sites of IVDH in the cervical spine and that other major factors exist in IVDH development, especially in FBs.

Cervical Spine Bone Mineral Density as a Function of Vertebral Level and Anatomic Location

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Thorhauer ◽  
William Anderst ◽  
William Donaldson ◽  
Joon Lee ◽  
James Kang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Vertebral Level ◽  
Anatomic Location

Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scans have been used to estimate bone mineral density (BMD) measurements, which in turn have been shown to correlate with bone mechanical properties such as strength, stiffness and yield load1,2. Information on the variation of BMD in the cervical spine with respect to anatomic location and vertebral level does not currently exist. This would be beneficial to vertebral instrumentation designers and to basic scientists who assign mechanical properties of bones in finite element models of the spine. Previously, bone mineral density measurements of the cervical spine have been performed almost exclusively on the central vertebral body, either by measuring trabecular BMD in a single CT slice 1, 3, 4 or by measuring a large volume of trabecular bone in multiple CT scan slices 5,6. In addition to the central vertebral body, the only other BMD measurements of specific anatomical regions were performed on the endplates 2, 3.

scholarly journals Morphometric study of cervical spine vertebrae in eastern region Nepalese population

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Singh ◽  
M Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Lateral Projection ◽  
Body Diameter ◽  
Canal Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tube Distance

Objective: To ascertain the normal values of mid-sagittal vertebral body Diameter, mid-sagittal canal diameter and canal-body ratio in adult Nepalese population. Methods: In this consent based descriptive, clinico -radiological study of 100 individuals who volunteered to being subjected to lateral projection radiographs of cervical spine. The sagittal canal diameter (CD), sagittal vertebral body diameter (VBD) and the canal-body ratio (CBR) was recorded on lateral projection radiographs (film to tube distance at 183 cms) and analyzed statistically. Results: The mean vertebral body diameter was 17.81±1.73mm (male:18.30±1.64mm;female:17.05±1.61mm), mean canal diameter was 17.18±1.67mm (males:17.31±1.74mm; females: 16.97±1.56mm),the mean canal body ratio was 0.97±0.13 (males:0.95±0.13; females:1.00±0.13). In mongoloids mean body diameter is 18.23±1.58 mm, mean canal diameter is 16.87±1.77 mm. and mean canal body ratio is 0.93±0.13. In non-mongoloids the mean body diameter was 17.48±1.79 mm, mean canal diameter was 17.42±1.59 mm, and mean canal body ratio was 1.00±0.13. Conclusion: The vertebral body diameter was significantly larger in men as compared to women, and this difference was statistically significant at all vertebral levels (p <0.05). The canal diameter was more in males than females but this difference was not statistically significant (p >0.05). The canal body ratio was greater in females than in males at all levels but this was also not statistically significant (p >0.05. The canal diameter was more in non-mongoloids as compared to mongoloids but this difference was not significant except at C2 level. Population in the eastern region of Nepal had values more nearer to Indian population but lesser than Europeans. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v11i3.9636 Health Renaissance 2013;11(3):224-228

Acutely unstable cervical spine injury with normal CT scan findings: MRI detects ligamentous injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 165-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Erwood ◽  
Taylor J. Abel ◽  
Andrew J. Grossbach ◽  
Raheel Ahmed ◽  
Nader S. Dahdaleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Cervical Spine Injury ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Ligamentous Injury ◽  
Unstable Cervical Spine

scholarly journals Do the cervical spinal canal dimensions predict pre-myelopathic changes of cervical spinal cord? - a magnetic resonance image study

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Smitha S Nair ◽  
A S Lakshmi ◽  
Ushadevi K B. ◽  
A K Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Spin Echo ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Image Study ◽  
Cervical Spinal Canal ◽  
Spin Echo Sequence

Abstract Background and aims: The cervical region is the most mobile portion of the spinal column and it is here that the earliest disc degenerations are encountered. Hence it is of great interest to neurologists and neurosurgeons. Degenerative arthritic changes in the cervical spine secondary to ageing may result in bony and soft tissue overgrowth causing encroachment on the cervical spinal canal resulting in cervical canal stenosis. This may predispose to compressive myelopathy. The study aims to determine the predictability of myelopathy based on the dimensions of spinal canal at the cervical region. Materials and methods: The study included 600 patients who underwent MRI scan of cervical spine in the Department of Imaging Sciences and Interventional Radiology, Sree Chithra Thirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. It included patients of different age groups of both sexes who were classified into six groups. T1 weighted axial images were obtained using spin echo sequence. The axial slices were made at the mid vertebral levels from C2-C7 vertebrae. The anteroposterior diameters of spinal canal in axial images at mid cervical vertebral levels from C2-C7 were measured. Analysis of data was done by mean, standard deviation, independent sample t test, ANOVA and Chi­ square test. Results: The mean anteroposterior diameter of the canal at different cervical vertebral levels decreases as age advances. Tbe premyelopathic changes were more in males which may be attributed to change in canal shape. Conclusion: Cervical spinal canal dimensions are useful to predict premyelopathic changes of cervical spinal cord.

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