scholarly journals Hypothalamic hamartoma with gelastic seizures: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
Zosangliani . ◽  
Avishek Datta ◽  
Rukuwe Thele ◽  
Bishal Gurung ◽  
T. Kambiakdik
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Tonic Clonic Seizure ◽  
Hypothalamic Hamartoma ◽  
Gelastic Seizures ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Gelastic Seizure ◽  
Gelastic Epilepsy

Hypothalamic Hamartoma (HH) may have diverse clinical manifestations. Its hallmark association is with gelastic seizures. Gelastic epilepsy is characterized by episodes of loud, hollow, mirthless, stereo-typed, forced laughter. The patient may stare and giggle briefly without any other motor manifestations. Hypothalamic hamartoma is most often the cause of gelastic seizures. Here, authors report a case of gelastic seizure with hypothalamic hamartoma in a 14-month-old boy with an associated tonic clonic seizure.  This case highlights the possibility of underdiagnosed hypothalamic hamartoma in younger age groups among pediatric population.

scholarly journals HEMORRHOIDS IN THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Pyae Swe Aung ◽  
Viktoria V. Kholostova
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Conservative And Surgical Treatment

Introduction. Hemorrhoids in childhood is a rare disease. That is why one can find only few works on this problem. Material and methods. 56 children with diagnosed hemorrhoids aged 4-18 were taken into the study. They had various clinical manifestations of the disease: perianal protrusion (76.4%), bleeding (82.3%), pain syndrome (71.5%). 51 patient (91.1%) had external hemorrhoids; 3 children (5.3%) - internal; 2 children (3.6%) - combined. Patients, by their clinical course, were distributed as follows: acute hemorrhoids - 33 children (58.9%), chronic one - 23 (41.1%). Ultrasound examination and sigmoidoscopy were used for diagnostics. Different curative techniques followed the developed curative algorithm: conservative therapy and surgery (open surgery and with the LigaSure apparatus) as well as sclerotherapy. Results. The most effective technique, having better cosmetic and clinical outcomes, was hemorrhoidectomy. Conservative treatment (more than 80%) can be a method of choice at early stages of the disease and at younger age groups. Outcomes after sclerotherapy are comparable with outcomes of conservative and surgical treatment. Sclerotherapy is recommended at the internal stages of hemorrhoids and in case of any contraindications to surgical treatment.

CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC OBSERVATIONS ON ENTEROVIRUS INFECTION IN A CIRCUMSCRIBED COMMUNITY DURING AN EPIDEMIC OF ECHO 9 INFECTION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-26
Author(s):  
Martha Lipson Lepow ◽  
David H. Carver ◽  
Frederick C. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Inapparent Infection ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Echo Virus ◽  
Serologic Evidence ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Simultaneous Infection ◽  
Group B

A clinical, epidemiologic and laboratory study was undertaken in a housing development during an epidemic of illness due to ECHO virus, type 9. The clinical manifestations varied with age. The younger children exhibited an exanthem while older persons frequently had evidence of irritation of the central nervous system. Multiple cases occurred within families, with the incidence of illness highest in the younger age groups. No serious consequences of the illness were seen. Echo 9 virus was recovered with greater frequency from the intestinal contents of young children with illness than from ill adults, although serologic evidence of recent infection in these adults could be demonstrated. The rate of inapparent infection with ECHO 9 virus was low. Virus rarely persisted in the feces beyond 14 days after onset of illness. Group B Coxsackie viruses, type 4 and type 5, were found also to be the cause of many infections within the same population at the same time. Illnesses due to these viruses were similar to those due to ECHO 9 virus, except that no eruption was observed. The rate of inapparent infection was higher than that observed with ECHO 9 virus. Simultaneous infection with ECHO 9 virus and Coxsackie B4 or B5 virus was rare.

Profile of Prescription Medication in a Pediatric Population

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 999-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph O. Olubadewo ◽  
Ann Ikponmwamba
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Prescription Medication ◽  
Respiratory Disorder ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
American Hospital ◽  
Adolescent Group ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Study Population

This retrospective study describes the prescription medication profile in an outpatient pediatric population (n = 510) retrieved from a hospital pharmacy computer file. The survey covers a three-month period. The study population included 281 male and 229 female patients divided according to age into three groups: infant (age 0–12 months); children (age 1–12 years); and adolescents (age 13–18 years). Medications prescribed were classified according to their pharmacotherapeutic properties as described in the American Hospital Formulary Service Drug Information 87. The findings pointed out that three pharmacotherapeutic categories (the antiinfective/chemotherapeutic, central nervous system (CNS), and respiratory agents) constituted 78.1 percent of the 1402 prescribed medications. The most frequently prescribed agents in each of these categories were, respectively, amoxicillin, aminophylline, and acetaminophen. These agents represent recent advances in drug usage because they became most frequently used only within the past ten years. The age-dependent medication profile indicated that there was a higher prescription rate of antiinfectives and respiratory disorder agents in the younger age groups; in the adolescent group CNS agents were more often prescribed.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Safety of Vaccination against the Flu in Elderly Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
O. N. Tkacheva ◽  
A. P. Pereverzev ◽  
N. K. Runikhina ◽  
Yu. V. Kotovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potential Risks

Abstract. Elderly patients are at higher risk of developing infectious diseases that might have more severe progression than those of younger age groups, accompanied by an increased risk of death. These medical conditions in elderly may also present difficulties for diagnosis due to a «blurred» clinical picture. By WHO recommendations the vaccination against influenza is one of the most effective ways to prevent this type of infection in elderly patients. However the use of vaccines may be associated with a risk of adverse drug reactions. In most cases, they have subclinical manifestations and/or non-severe clinical manifestations (adverse reactions), but in a relatively small percentage of cases, the use of vaccines may be associated with a risk of developing serious post-vaccination complications (anaphylaxis, Guillain-Barre syndrome etc.). This article represents data on the safety of influenza vaccines in patients over 60 years old, with due regard to immunosenescence. According to the authors opinion, this will improve the safety of vaccination against influenza patients 60 years and older. At the end of the article, the authors conclude that despite the potential risks, the by the benefits of the use of influenza vaccines continue to overweight potential risks and vaccination of elderly people is effective and safe way to prevent influenza. To improve the effectiveness of vaccination of patients 60 years and older the use of high dose vaccines and adjuvants can be recommended.

scholarly journals Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis in Children

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 551
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Koryllou ◽  
Manel Mejbri ◽  
Katerina Theodoropoulou ◽  
Michael Hofer ◽  
Raffaella Carlomagno
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Laboratory Finding ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis ◽  
Multifocal Lesions ◽  
Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis

Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is an auto-inflammatory bone disorder with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, from unifocal to multifocal lesions. When it manifests with multifocal lesions, it is also referred to as chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO). CNO/CRMO can affect all age groups, with the pediatric population being the most common. Patients may present with systemic inflammation, but there is no pathognomonic laboratory finding. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard radiological tool for diagnosis. In the absence of validated diagnostic criteria, CNO/CRMO remains an exclusion diagnosis. Bone biopsy does not show a specific disease pattern, but it may be necessary in unifocal or atypical cases to differentiate it from malignancy or infection. First-line treatments are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), while bisphosphonates or TNF-α blockers can be used in refractory cases. The disease course is unpredictable, and uncontrolled lesions can complicate with bone fractures and deformations, underlying the importance of long-term follow-up in these patients.

scholarly journals Infectious Mononucleosis Hepatitis – An Unwelcome Present for Father Christmas

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Syed H Hussaini ◽  
◽  
Nicola Pilkington ◽  
John N Barnes ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Iatrogenic Complications ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Epstein Barr

We describe a case of infectious mononucleosis (IM) hepatitis occurring in an elderly thespian, who had recently played the role of ‘Father Christmas’. We discuss the importance of differing clinical manifestations in older and younger age groups, the changing epidemiology of Epstein Barr (EB) infection within the United Kingdom and the role of different virology tests in establishing a diagnosis. Raised awareness of this changing pattern of disease could prevent unnecessary investigation and consequent potential iatrogenic complications.

Sexually transmitted disease (gonorrhoea)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martyn Wood ◽  
Marilyn Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Female Genital

Gonorrhoea is the term used to describe the clinical manifestations of infection with the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram-negative diplococcus which usually infects the columnar epithelium of mucous membranes, including the lower male and female genital tracts, the rectum, the pharynx, and the conjunctivae. Transmission is by direct exposure of a mucous membrane to infected secretions, classically via sexual contact. Those who are most at risk of infection include younger age groups (15–29 years), inner-city residents, ethnic minority groups, and men who have sex with men. This chapter discusses the etiology, symptoms, demographics, natural history, complications, demographics, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of gonorrhoea.

Inequalities and Impact of Socioeconomic-Cultural Factors in Suicide Rates Across Italy

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
Marco Innamorati ◽  
Monica Vichi ◽  
Maria Masocco ◽  
Nicola Vanacore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Suicide is a major cause of premature death in Italy and occurs at different rates in the various regions. Aims: The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive overview of suicide in the Italian population aged 15 years and older for the years 1980–2006. Methods: Mortality data were extracted from the Italian Mortality Database. Results: Mortality rates for suicide in Italy reached a peak in 1985 and declined thereafter. The different patterns observed by age and sex indicated that the decrease in the suicide rate in Italy was initially the result of declining rates in those aged 45+ while, from 1997 on, the decrease was attributable principally to a reduction in suicide rates among the younger age groups. It was found that socioeconomic factors underlined major differences in the suicide rate across regions. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that suicide is a multifaceted phenomenon that may be determined by an array of factors. Suicide prevention should, therefore, be targeted to identifiable high-risk sociocultural groups in each country.

MONITORING RESULTS OF SAZAN (CYPRINUS CARPIO CARPIO LINNAEUS, 1758) POPULATION IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE TAGANROG BAY AND THE DON RIVER DELTA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Balykin ◽  
◽  
A.V. Startsev ◽  
G.E. Guskov ◽  
A.S. Grin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio Carpio ◽  
Don River ◽  
Taganrog Bay ◽  
Biological State

The materials for 2003-2018 on the biological state of sazan of the eastern part of the Taganrog Bay and the Don River delta were summarized. It has been shown that the catches of sazan in the study area consisted of more than half of the fish of younger age groups, the length of which was less than the commercial measure. The ratio of linear and weight growth of sazan is shifting towards a decrease in the mass of one-dimensional specimen, which is indirect evidence of the deterioration of the natural living conditions of semi-migratory fish. In 2019, the carp parasite fauna was represented by 7 species related to monogenes - 2 species, cestodes - 3 species, nematodes - 1 species, crustaceans - 1. The state of the sazan population needs further research.

scholarly journals Five reasons COVID-19 is less severe in younger age groups

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W Turke
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
System Function ◽  
The Third ◽  
Immune System Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract The severity of COVID-19 is age-related, with the advantage going to younger age groups. Five reasons are presented. The first two are well-known, are being actively researched by the broader medical community, and therefore are discussed only briefly here. The third, fourth, and fifth reasons derive from evolutionary life history theory, and potentially fill gaps in current understanding of why and how young and old age groups respond differently to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Age of onset of generalized somatic aging, and the timing of its progression, are identified as important causes of these disparities, as are specific antagonistic pleiotropic tradeoffs in immune system function.

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