A cross sectional study of psychiatric morbidity in juvenile boys admitted in an observation home

Background: It is estimated that 10-20% of children and adolescents are affected annually by psychiatric problems. Studies in several countries across three continents have repeatedly shown that young offenders have higher rates of psychiatric morbidity than youths in the community. Given the growth of juvenile delinquent population, epidemiologic data on their psychiatric evaluation is becoming increasingly important. Thus, to study the psychiatric morbidity in juvenile delinquent boys in an observation home was undertaken.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in an observation home for boys. Study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Prior to conducting the study, informed written consent was sought from the superintendent of observation home for boys. The study sample consists of 50 boys from the observation home aged between 6-16 years. Boys from observation home for whom responsible legal authority gave permission were included in the study.Results: Prevalence of individual psychiatric disorders was as follows: conduct disorder 23 (46%), anxiety disorder 05(10%), oppositional defiance disorder 04 (08%), mild mental retardation 03 (06%), depression 02 (04%), psychosis 01(02%), adjustment disorder 01(02%), disorders of emotions and conduct 01 (02%). In our study prevalence of psychiatric disorder was more common in juveniles under conflict of law (19 out of 20) than juveniles under care and protection (25 out of 30).Conclusions: Initial screening of juveniles in observation home by expert mental health care professionals is needed for the rational management of psychiatric morbidity and enhancement of their development towards productive adulthood and productive integration into the general society.

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Prevalence and patterns of psychiatric morbidity in people living with HIV

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20171834 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 2011

Author(s):

Senthilsayinathan Balasubramaniam ◽

Kasikrishnaraja Pauldurai ◽

Madhushanthini Eswaran ◽

Mohankumar Vethanayagam ◽

Rajesh Rajagopalan

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Adjustment Disorder ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychiatric Evaluation ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Living With Hiv

Background: Diagnosis of HIV infection creates an overwhelming stress and leads to symptoms like guilt, fear, anxiety, sad mood, grief and suicidal ideation. Though the rate of suicide has decreased after the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), it still remains high. Indian studies assessing suicidal ideation in people living with HIV (PLHIV) are scarce. Psychiatric evaluation and treatment improves the quality of life in PLHIV. Aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and patterns of psychiatric morbidity including suicidal ideation in PLHIV attending Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre (ICTC), prior to initiation of ART.Methods: A cross sectional study design was used. 11476 persons attending ICTC of IRT Perundurai Medical College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India were tested for their HIV status over a period of two years. 211 persons were found to be positive, 143 persons gave consent and met inclusion criteria. Every patient underwent a semi-structured clinical interview and their psychiatric morbidity was assessed based on ICD 10. Current suicidal behavior, hopelessness and depression were measured by appropriate rating scales. Data was analyzed by using the SPSS 16.Results: Psychiatric diagnosis was present in 36.4% of the sample. Depression was the commonest diagnosis followed by adjustment disorder, alcohol related problems and anxiety disorder. 26 persons (18.2%) had current suicidal ideation. 3 out of 143 persons had attempted suicide within 6 months following notification of their HIV status.Conclusions: Nearly 1/3rd of PLHIV require psychiatric referral and 1/5th of PLHIV have suicidal ideation. It will be highly beneficial to integrate psychiatric services into daily care of PLHIV.

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Disposal Practices of Unused Medications Among Patients in Public Health Centers of Dessie Town, Northeast Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study

Current Drug Safety ◽

10.2174/1574886315666200331140400 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 105-110

Author(s):

Haile Kassahun ◽

Dugessa Tesfaye

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Centers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Global Challenge ◽

Northeast Ethiopia ◽

Unused Medications ◽

At Home

Background: Disposal of pharmaceutical waste among patients is a global challenge especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. Improper medication disposal can lead to health problems and environmental contaminations. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess disposal practices of unused medications among patients in public health centers of Dessie town, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 263 patients in four public health centers of Dessie town, Ethiopia from March to June, 2019. Face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires were used to collect data from each study subject. Results: The majority of the respondents, 224 (85.17%) had unused medications at their home during the study period. The most commonly reported disposal method in the present study was flushing down into a toilet 66 (25.09%). None of the respondents practiced returning unused medications to Pharmacy. Moreover, 85 (32.31%) of the respondents reported never disposing their medications and believed that it is acceptable to store medications at home for future use. Conclusion: In the present study, there was a high practice of keeping medications at home and most of the disposal practices were not recommended methods. In addition, most of the respondents did not get advice from pharmacists and other health care professionals on how to dispose off unused medications. Hence, there is a need for proper education and guidance of patients regarding disposal practices of unused medications.

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Risk of Psychiatric Morbidity in Patients with Tobacco Habits: A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2017/26824.10172 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Amita Aditya

Keyword(s):

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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Strategies for Re-opening Physiotherapy OPDs Post COVID-19 Lockdown – A Cross-sectional Study

10.20944/preprints202106.0111.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amarjot Singh Gill ◽

Nistara Singh Chawla ◽

Sandeep Singh Saini

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Practice Pattern ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: The practices of various health-care professionals have been improvised to accommodate the on-going covid-19 pandemic situation. Different guidelines have been set in place to ease the process of re-opening of non-elective healthcare services like out-patient physiotherapy clinics. Although the measures taken should be guided by evidence based information, major consensus amongst practicing therapists needs to guide the India physiotherapy clinics. Objective: To identify and present the opinions of different physiotherapists about the various strategies for re-opening the out-patient physiotherapy clinics. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted. Over 169 participants were selected to participate in the survey according to the pre-decided inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data was collected and saved via google forms. Result and conclusion: A majority of respondents had a consensus over different strategies for re-opening the physiotherapy OPDs. These were regarding different measures to be adapted including modifications in the clinic infrastructure and the practice pattern. This would help in smoothly re-instating the physiotherapy services post the covid-19 lockdown.

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Occupational exposure to blood/body fluid splash and its predictors among midwives working in public health institutions at Addis Ababa city Ethiopia, 2020. Institution-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0251815 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0251815

Author(s):

Solomon Shitu ◽

Getachew Adugna ◽

Haimanot Abebe

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Infection Prevention ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public Health Institutions ◽

Health Institutions

Background Blood/body fluid splash are hazards to health care professionals in their working area. Around twenty bloodborne pathogens are known to be transmitted through these occupational injuries. This problem alters the health status of health care professionals in different ways, including physically, mentally, and psychologically. Even though health professionals especially midwives who are working in delivery rooms are highly affected, little is known about the exposure. So, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of exposure to blood/body fluid splash and its predictors among midwives working in public health institutions of Addis Ababa city. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 438 study participants in public health institutions in Addis Ababa. Data was collected from March 1–20, 2020 by a self-administered questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. All variables with P<0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in a final model and statistical significance was declared at P< 0.05. Results In this study, a total of 424 respondents respond yielding a response rate of 97%. The prevalence of blood and body fluid splashes (BBFs) was 198 (46.7%). Not training on infection prevention, working in two shifts (> 12 hours), not regularly apply universal precautions, job-related stress, an average monthly salary of 5001–8000 were independent predictors of blood and body fluid splashes. Conclusion The study revealed that nearly half of midwives were exposed to BBFS. This highlights the need for key stakeholders such as policymakers and service providers to design appropriate policies to avert this magnitude and making the environment enabling to comply with standard precautions. We recommend that this study may be done by including rural setting institutions and by including other health professionals that are susceptible to BBFS at work. Formal training on infection prevention and safety practice to apply universal precautions will be needed from the concerned bodies to prevent exposures to blood/body fluid splash.

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Clinical evaluation of mark induced dermatitis on health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20211701 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 413

Author(s):

Sushma I. ◽

Nivin Simon ◽

A. J. S. Pravin ◽

M. K. Padmaprasad ◽

M. Vijayabharathi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Clinical Evaluation ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Workers

Background: Mask induced dermatitis is common among health care workers now because of the obligatory use of facemask for a longer period during COVID-19, the clinical features vary. Very few studies could be conducted due to the COVID induced constraints. Studies regarding reactions to face masks in health workers published to date are limited and hence we decided to do this study. The objective of this study was to find out the clinical presentations of mask induced dermatitis due to long term use of facemask on healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 40 healthcare workers attend our OPD with face mask for 6 months. After getting informed written consent clinical evaluation was made by history and dermatologic examination.Results: Total 40 health care professionals between the age group of 21-50 years (17 females and 23 males) came to our OPD with complaints of itching and dryness with signs of erythema, scaling, papules for 6 months duration. Out of them, 15 (37.5%) patients had exacerbation of pre-existing dermatoses like atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, chronic urticaria, acne. 10 patients (25%) had irritant contact dermatitis 7 patients (17.5%) had sweat-induced dermatitis, 4 patients (10%) had dermatitis due to sponge strip at the nasal bridge, 4 patients (10%) had dermatitis due to vehement use of ear loop involving retroauricular region.Conclusions: This study showed that wearing face masks results in the development and aggravation of other skin diseases due to various causes. Itch can induce scratching and thus lead to inappropriate use of face masks, which could compromise their function.

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