scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasites among urban and rural population in Kancheepuram district of Tamil Nadu

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mareeswaran ◽  
A. K. Savitha ◽  
S. Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stool Samples

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are globally endemic and is a major public health problem of concern. The prevalence is high in developing countries like India probably due to poor sanitary conditions and improper hygiene. Among the various intestinal parasites, the prevalence of Entamoeba, Ascaris, Ancylostoma, Giardia and Trichuris have been studied in this research.Methods: This is a cross sectional study which involves 205 urban and 185 rural populations. The data was collected from the Urban and Rural health training centres in Anakaputhur and Padappai of Kancheepuram district respectively over a period of three months from August 2017 to October 2017. Data entry was done in MS Excel and analysis was carried out in SPSS software version 22. The analysis was done using descriptive and analytical statistical methods.Results: Among the rural and urban population, 185 stool samples from the rural population showed nearly 50.8% intestinal parasites (E. histolytica 40%, A. lumbricoides 2%, A. duodenalae 5%, Giardia 1%, T. trichura 3%). On the contrary 205 stool samples from urban population showed 23.4% of intestinal parasites (E. histolytica 18%, A. lumbricoides 2%, A. duodenalae 5%, Giardia 0%, T. trichura 0%). The increase in the prevalence of intestinal parasites among rural population than the urban population was statistically significant.Conclusions: The stool samples collected from rural population showed high prevalence of intestinal parasite infestation when compared to urban population, hence necessary interventions like health education, awareness creation and medical intervention should be undertaken particularly among the rural population.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Intestinal Parasites among Patients Admitted to Mirembe National Mental Health Hospital, Dodoma, Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azan A. Nyundo ◽  
David Z. Munisi ◽  
Ainory P. Gesase
Keyword(s):  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stool Samples

Background. Neglected tropical diseases continue to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. Psychiatric patients are among groups at risk for parasitic infection although control and monitoring programs largely overlook this population. This study aimed at determining prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection among patients admitted to a psychiatric facility.Method. The study followed cross-sectional design; all the residing patients that met the inclusion criteria were included in the survey. Stool samples were collected and examined by direct wet preparation and formol-ether concentration. Data were analyzed with STATA version 12.1; Chi-square test was computed to determine the level of significance atpvalue < 0.05.Results.Of all 233 patients who returned the stool samples, 29 (12.45%) screened were positive for an intestinal parasite. There was no significant association between parasite carriage and age, sex, or duration of hospital stay.Conclusion. The study shows that intestinal parasitic infection is common among patients in a psychiatric facility and highlights that parasitic infections that enter through skin penetration may be a more common mode of transmission than the oral route. Furthermore, the study underscores the need for surveillance and intervention programs to control and manage these infections.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites among Patients attending a Tertiary Care Centre in Central Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
Sanjana Raj Kumari ◽  
Damodar Sharma ◽  
Brajesh Jha
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Fresh Stool

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are important public health problem and are globally endemic. These parasites are responsible for the major share of morbidity and mortality in those communities where there is overcrowding, poor environmental sanitation and personal hygienic practices. Intestinal parasitic infection is highly prevalent among the general population in Nepal. This study was aimed to evaluate the burden of the intestinal parasitic infections and the pattern of distributions among patients attending in a tertiary care setting in Bharatpur, Nepal, over a period of one year (August 2017 to July 2018). Methods: Stool samples of patients received in the Microbiology laboratory, COMS that were subjected for routine stool investigations were included in this study. Naked eye physical examination, microscopic examination was carried out and parasites were identified in the received stool samples. The results were recorded, and data were entered into excel spreadsheet 2007. The percentages of the parasites present were calculated to find out the frequency and distribution. Results: A total of 1,558 fresh stool samples were screened, of which 20.60% (n=321) were positive for various intestinal parasites. Overall, helminthic infections (81.30%) were higher than protozoal infections (18.70%). On the whole, Ascaris lumbricoides showed higher prevalence (39.56%) followed by Ancylostoma duodenale (19.31%) and Giardia lamblia (9.97%).  17(1.09%) of the samples showed more than one parasite. Highest prevalence was seen in age group 15 to 25 years of age (27.40%). Conclusions: Parasitic infection is endemic. Apart from the early diagnosis and effective treatment, health education is a requisite to control infections in this area and awareness of sanitation to reduce and control parasitic infection.  

Bacteriological And Parasitological Study Of Acute Gastroenteritis Among Patients Visiting Sukraraj Tropical And Infectious Disease Hospital (STIDH), Teku, Kathmandu

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeena Jangam ◽  
Nisha Lamsal ◽  
Prashansha Sharma ◽  
Najma Makaju ◽  
Beena Mali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Stool Samples

Abstract BACKGROUND: Gastroenteritisis a major public-health problem in developing nations like Nepal, where communities are still ravaged by poverty, poor sanitation, poor personal hygiene, and poor water supplies.The objective of our study was to find the bacterial and parasitic agents responsible for causing gastroenteritis.METHODOLOGY: A hospital based prospective study was carried out for 3 months in Bacteriology and Parasitology section of STIDH. Stool samples received in respective section from patients with gastroenteritis were included in the study. Standard Microbiological Guidelines were employed for collection and processing of samples, followed by Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of bacterial isolates. Normal saline and Iodine preparation were done for microscopic examination of parasites.RESULTS: Among 421 stool samples processed in Bacteriology section, 28(6.65%) showed bacterial growth with 15(53.57%) Shigella flexneri , 4(14.28%) S higella sonnei and 9(32.14%) Salmonella typhimurium . Ceftriaxone and Nalidixic acid were found to be the most Sensitive and Resistant antibiotic for Shigella spp. and Salmonella typhimurium. Similarly, in parasitology section, microscopic observation of 648 stool samples showed 136(20.98%) cysts of Entamoeba histolytica , 3(0.46%) cysts of Giardia lamblia , 2(0.30%) trophozoites of Giardia lamblia , 1 (0.15%) larva of Strongyloides stercoralis , 1(0.15%) ova of hookworm and 1(0.15%) ova of Ascaris lumbricoides .CONCLUSION: The study revealed Shigella species as the predominant bacterial agent with S. flexneri being the major one. Hence, extensive study of shigellosis with greater emphasis on resistance pattern of different group of antibiotics is essential in such hospital. Similarly, parasitic infections are found in significant amount. Hence, concerned hospital authorities and government official’s needs to take strict action in contending such infections.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections among Young Population in Northeast Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Vasconcelos Lyra da Silva ◽  
Gilberto Fontes ◽  
Célia Dias dos Santos ◽  
Rafael Vital dos Santos ◽  
Eliana Maria Mauricio da Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background. Intestinal parasitic infections constitute a major public health problem that is frequently associated with poverty, inadequate sanitation, and the nutritional status of the population.Objective. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible association of parasitic infections, sanitary conditions, hygiene practices, and the nutritional and socioeconomic status of a poor youth population.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 367 children and adolescents inhabiting a substandard settlement in the urban area of Maceió (Alagoas State, Brazil). Data collection included socioeconomic status, anthropometric measurements, fecal sample examinations, and laboratory blood analysis. The identification of factors associated with gastrointestinal parasitic infections was undertaken through bi- and multivariate analyses.Results. Stool sample analysis obtained from 300 individuals revealed that 204 (68%) were infected with at least one parasite species and of these 130 (63.7%) were polyparasitized. No significant associations were identified between low height for age (stunted), parasitic infections, and polyparasitism. There was also no association between family income and parasitosis. However, low socioeconomic status proved to be a potential risk factor for parasitic infections.Conclusion. Actions must be taken to improve sanitation, housing, and environmental conditions in order to eliminate the risk factors for parasitic infections, and thereby guarantee a better quality of life for this population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasites in a population in south of Tehran, Iran

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfath Shojaei Arani ◽  
Reza Alaghehbandan ◽  
Lame Akhlaghi ◽  
Maryam Shahi ◽  
Abdolaziz Rastegar Lari
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Stool Samples

The aim of this study was to describe epidemiologic characteristics of intestinal parasites in a population in south of Tehran, Iran. A retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with suspicious intestinal parasitic infections referred to the Zakaria Razi Laboratory in Shahre-Ray, southern Tehran, Iran, was conducted from April 21, 2004 to October 20, 2005. All stool samples were examined and socio-demographic informations were retrieved. Of 4,371 referred patients, 466 (239 males and 227 females) were laboratory diagnosed with intestinal parasites, with a period prevalence of 10.7%. Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis) and Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia) were the most frequent intestinal parasites. More than half of patients aged ³ 18 years had a low level of educational attainment (e.g. illiterate, primary school, high school) (170/331, 54.1%). Further, majority of patients were homemakers (42.3%, 140/331) or workers (28.1%, 93/331) employed in various business settings such as food industry and construction. Findings of this study showed that intestinal parasitic infections are still a major public health challenge in Iran that needs to be addressed. We believe that public education, improving sanitation conditions of underdeveloped areas/communities, community involvement, and supporting evidence-based practice/programs are the major keys to success in preventing the spread of intestinal parasitic infections in Iran.

scholarly journals The Prevalence, Intensity and Risk Factors of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections in Outpatients in Bafoussam II, West Region, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Yannick Duclair Tchinde ◽  
Lem Edith Abongwa ◽  
Fotsing David ◽  
Ntonifor Helen Ngum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concentration Technique ◽  
The Difference

Background: Gastrointestinal parasitic infections remain a public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and density of gastrointestinal parasites and to identify the risk factors of their transmission. Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from June to October 2020, on outpatients visiting the Djeleng Sub divisional medical centre in Bafoussam II. All consenting participants provided a stool sample and completed an open-ended questionnaire. Stool samples were examined simultaneously as fresh wet mounts, formal-ether concentration technique and modified Zieihl Neelsen staining technique. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Results obtained from this study revealed that the overall prevalence and mean intensity of parasite infection was 29.1% (94/323) and 1464±314 ppg respectively. Parasites recovered were: Entamoeba histolytica 54.26% (51/94), Trichomonas intestinalis 21.28% (20/94), Entamoeba coli 19.15% (18/94), Cryptosporidium spp 3.19% (3/94) and Trichuris trichiura 2.13% (2/94). Prevalence was slightly higher in males 31.76% (27/85) than females 28.15% (67/238) and the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.364). The prevalence was higher among individuals aged 21-30 years 35.22% (31/88). Most infected individuals resided in Djemoun 40.0%(4/10) and this prevalence was significant (p=0.025). Hair dressers harboured the highest rate of intestinal parasites 60.0% (6/10) and the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.235). Hand washing practices, washing of fruits, walking bare footed, toilet cleaning, screening of houses, pet possession, and frequency of nail trimming were not identified as risk factors associated with gastrointestinal parasitic transmission (p>0.05). Conclusion: Provision of health education, improving personal and communal hygiene, and community based deworming with addition of antiprotozoal drugs should be of major focus to prevent and control these infections.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of Internet addiction among college students using smartphone in Tamil Nadu -A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4525
Author(s):  
Mariavinifa X. ◽  
Govindarajan P. K. ◽  
John William A. Felix
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: There has been rapid growth on the internet not only in India, but also in worldwide. It is a major public health problem affecting an enormous number of individuals. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Internet addiction and its associated factors among college students using smartphone in Tamil Nadu.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Annamalai University from October 2019 to October 2020.A total of five hundred students from various streams (medicine, dental, bachelor of physiotherapy, engineering, arts and science) were selected conveniently and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. A questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic data, questions on internet usage and Young's internet addiction test were used to gather data. Descriptive Statistics was defined in terms of percentage and frequency. Inferential statistics was analysed with Chi-Square test.Results: Out of the five hundred students, 45.4% were males, 54.6 % were females .The users were divided into groups, 38.8 % as normal users, 37% as mild addicts, 21% as moderate addicts, 3.2% as severe addicts. Thus overall prevalence of internet addiction was 61.2%. Degree of internet addiction was significantly associated with age, time spent daily on the internet and using internet for social media, online communications and playing online games.Conclusions: The present study showed a prevalence of internet addiction is high among college students. Therefore, it’s essential to make awareness among the students to enhance their quality of life through the prevention of addictive usage of the internet.  

scholarly journals Prevalence and Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Schistosomiasis in the City of Barra Mansa, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Carvalho Espírito-Santo ◽  
Pedro Paulo Chieff ◽  
Fabiana Martins de Paula ◽  
Francisco Oscar Siqueira França ◽  
Filumena Maria Silva Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Previous History ◽  
The State ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The City

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are caused by several species of protozoa and helminths and are among the most frequent infections in many regions of the world, particularly in countries with limited access to adequate conditions of hygiene and basic sanitation, and have significant morbidity. There are few studies that assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites in Latin America. We investigated the prevalence of intestinal infections in five neighborhoods in the city of Barra Mansa / RJ / Brazil. Objective To evaluate the prevalence of geohelminths, protozoa and Schistossoma mansoni infection, using two parasitological methods in a population in a city in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Methods Cross-sectional cohort study, conducted from September 2010 to April 2011, in individuals over five years old, to assess the prevalence of IPIs in 5 peripheral neighborhoods of Barra Mansa, a city located in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil): Siderlândia, Cantagalo, São Luiz, Nova Esperança and Santa Clara, through the combination of two parasitological methods, Kato-Katz and Hoffman, having analyzed a total of six slides for each of the research participants. Results Results of samples from 610 individuals were collected and analyzed using the Kato-Katz (KK) and Hoffman (HH) methods. Approximately 60% of the individuals were female, with an average age of 39.72 years. Five hundred and fifty-one (84.8%) had access to treated water and 486 (74.8%) to the sewage network. The neighborhood of Siderlândia contributed most of the casuistry (42.9%). About 4% of participants reported a previous history of schistosomiasis. Six hundred and ten stool samples were evaluated using the Kato-Katz and Hoffmann methods. The results of parasitological examinations by the KK method showed low positivity for any diagnosed parasitosis. The HH method showed a more significant number of parasitic infections, with a higher frequency of Endolimax nana (17.4%), followed by Blastocystis spp (10.8%). The positivity in stool tests using the KK or HH methods was significantly higher in the Santa Clara neighborhood (p = 0.038), in people who use river water (p <0.001) and in people who reported having had schistosomiasis previously (p = 0.021). Conclusions The use of two stool samples examined by the KK and HH methods improved the detection sensitivity and evidenced the low prevalence of IPIs in the city of Barra Mansa (RJ) / Brazil.

The Impact of Intestinal Parasitic Infections on the Health Status of Children: An Overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manar Ramadan ◽  
Nagwa El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) represent a major public health problem in children worldwide, especially in the developing countries. The impact of these infections on the health status of children depends on the parasite species, the intensity and course of infection, and nutritional and immunological status of the children. Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Cryptosporidium parvum, Enterobius vermicularis, Hymenolepis nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Ancylostoma duodenale are the most frequent intestinal parasites found among children. This review discussed the main consequences resulting from IPIs as diarrhea, anemia, malnutrition, impaired growth, and learning disabilities.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on the prevalence of self-medication in a Chennai based population, Tamil Nadu, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinithra Varadarajan ◽  
Christina Mary P. Paul ◽  
Swapna S. ◽  
Preethi S. ◽  
Keerthana Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Background Information ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Self -medication is a major public health problem in India because of the easy availability of drugs even without prescription to the lay population. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of self-medication use among the common population in the last three months and to identify certain suspected risk factors that might be associated with it.Methods:An analytical cross- sectional study was conducted on 180 participants chosen by simple random sampling from the rural and urban field practice areas of A. C. S. Medical College in Thiruvallur district. Data was collected through a questionnaire collecting background information of the person like age, address, income, to a series of questions on self-medication and alternative medicines. Data entry was done in SPSS and p values were based on chi- square values.Results: The overall prevalence of self-medication use in the last three months was found to be 51.7% with a 95% CI of 44.7-59. Self-medication use was 2.07 times more common among subjects aged above 35 years of age and this association was statistically significant (P Value = 0.016).  The commonest reason quoted for the practice of self – medication was financial constraints (40.80%) and the commonest ailment for which self- medication was practiced was quoted as common cold (73.02%).Conclusions:Study revealed a very high prevalence of self-medication emphasizing on the need for creating awareness on the ill-effects of the same. 

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