scholarly journals Menstrual hygiene: knowledge and practices during menstruation among adolescent girls in urban slums of Jorhat district, Assam, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 3068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Netri Das ◽  
Anadi Swami Tasa
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene

Background: Menstruation is still clouded by taboos and socio-cultural restrictions resulting in adolescent girls remaining ignorant of the facts of menstruation and hygienic practices, which sometimes results in adverse health outcomes. The present study was carried out to assess the knowledge and practices regarding menstrual hygiene, to find out the disorders during menstruation and to determine the factors associated with existing practices of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girlsMethods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two randomly selected urban slums of Jorhat district from March to August 2017 among 110 adolescent girls using predesigned pretested proforma. Data were analyzed using SPSS; association was determined using chi-square test with Yates correction or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate.Results: 47.27% girls were aware about menstruation prior to menarche. Mother was the first informant in 65.38% of them. 69.09% were ignorant about the source of menstrual bleeding. Sanitary pads were used by 59.09% of girls. Majority (97.27%) practiced some form of restriction during menstruation. Dysmenorrhoea was the most common complaint (53.63%). Type of absorbent used was significantly associated with literacy status of girls and their mothers, socio-economic status, religion and prior knowledge about menstruation. Educational status of girls and their mothers were also significantly associated with satisfactory cleaning of external genitalia during menstruation.Conclusions: Ignorance and unsafe practices regarding menstruation, menstruation related problems and traditional beliefs and restrictions are quite common among adolescent girls in urban slums. Literacy status and awareness are the most important factors affecting the menstrual behaviours.

scholarly journals Knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls of rural field practice area of RIMS, Raipur (C. G.), India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neerja Agarwal ◽  
Nutan Soni ◽  
S. P. Singh ◽  
G. P. Soni
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Inaccurate Information ◽  
Field Practice

Background: Adolescent age group among girls have been recognized as a special period which signifies the transition from girlhood to womanhood. Menstruation is generally considered as unclean in the Indian society. Most of the adolescent girls had incomplete and inaccurate information about the menstrual physiology and hygiene as reported by many Indian studies. Very few authors have included the detailed aspects of the menstrual practices among adolescent girls.Methods: The current Community based cross sectional study was conducted by department of obstetrics and Gynaecology in connection with department of community medicine, Raipur Institute of Medical Science, Raipur (C.G), India. Among the adolescent school going girls in the field practice area of the Rural Health Unit and Training Centre during study period of 6 month from July 2017 to December 2017. 263 girls from the above mentioned schools, of the 8th and 9th standards, were selected for the study.Results: Majority of the school going adolescent girls belongs to 13 and 14 year of age. 50.95% , 21.67% and 12.93% girls reported that they had their menarche at the age of 13 year, 12 year and 14 year respectively. Majority of the girls were using cloth (49.81%) and only 17.87% were using sanitary napkins. Cleaning of external genitalia was not satisfactory in 32.70% of the girls. Only 58.17% girls used both soap and water for cleaning the genitalia. Pain in abdomen (59.70%) was found to be the most frequent complaint during menstruation.Conclusions: Knowledge on menstruation is sub-optimal and the practices are unacceptable for proper hygiene among study subjects. Menstrual hygiene is an important issue needs to be ensured.

scholarly journals Factors that Influence Menstrual Hygiene Management in Adolescent Girls in Mudon Township, Mon State, Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nwe Nwe Htun ◽  
Orapin Laosee ◽  
Cheerawit Rattanapan
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene Management ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Hygiene Management

Objective: The study assessed the underlying factors that influence menstrual hygiene management (MHM) in adolescent girls, and how it can have an effect on the girls’ education, health and daily life.Material and Methods: A community-based, quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted through face-to-face interviews, with 410 adolescent girls. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were applied, to describe and predict significant associations and predictors between MHM and its independent variables; such as knowledge, attitudes and practices related to menstruation, and accessibility of MHM facilities.Results: More than half of the respondents had poor MHM levels. Menstrual knowledge [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)= 2.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32-3.56], attitude towards menstruation (AOR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.11-2.46), menstrual hygiene practices (AOR=2.53, 1.78-3.98) and the accessibility of MHM facilities (AOR=2.44, 95% CI: 1.29-4.62) were the factors associated with MHM. Girls with poor MHM levels were 1.1 times more likely to be affected in their daily activities, as compared to those with good MHM levels.Conclusion: The adolescent girls participating in the study were still unable to manage their menstrual hygiene well, owing to their inadequate knowledge in relation to menstruation, unhealthy menstrual hygiene practices; and the limited accessibility to MHM facilities. Establishment of such correlation necessitates; for instance, setting up a menstrual health education program as well as provision of MHM facilities, will enable the adolescent girls in Mudon Township, Mon State, Myanmar to minimize the negative impacts on their daily lives.

scholarly journals Study of prevalence of anaemia and its socio demographic co-relates among adolescent girls of Bhopal city

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1995
Author(s):  
Shweta Shrivastava ◽  
Preshant Shrivastava ◽  
Veena Melwani
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: The present study was planned to assess the prevalence of anemia and study its socio-demographic correlates among adolescents’ girls of 10-19 years in Bhopal city (M.P).Methods: The study was conducted as a community based cross-sectional study on 640 adolescent girls residing in selected ward and willing to participate in the study. Detailed history as mentioned in questionnaire was obtained. Assessment of the anemia status was carried out using Hemoglobin Color Scale (HCS). Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics chi square test were used for the inferential statistics. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls was 72.8%. Anemia was found to be highly significantly associated with education and occupation of parent’s, socio economic status and BMI (p<0.05). Also, anemia was significantly associated with birth order, amount and days of menstrual blood flow (p<0.05)Conclusions: Anemia is highly prevalent in adolescent girls. Evidence suggests that there is need to emphasize on corrective measures for anemia in adolescent girls of 10-19 years before they enter adolescence so as to compensate the additional requirement for growth and development during puberty and combat the extra losses during menstruation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression among hypertensive individuals in urban Trivandrum: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2156
Author(s):  
Prathibha M. T. ◽  
Sara Varghese ◽  
Gokul Dev V. ◽  
Jincy J.
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Study Population

Background: People with chronic diseases are more likely to have depression than those without any physical illness. Lack of adherence to treatment, poor compliance to life style modification therapy and lost to follow up are major concerns raised in the management of hypertension among subjects with co-morbid depression. Hence it is very important to explore the epidemiology of depression among hypertensives. Methods: The study was conducted in Medical College health unit area of urban Trivandrum as a cross sectional survey among adults >18 years who were diagnosed to have hypertension. The subjects were interviewed using a semi structured questionnaire to collect the socio-demographic variables and the 9 item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ 9) to capture depression. Data from a sample of 432 hypertensive individuals collected were analyzed and Chi square, t test, was done to find the associated factors. Results: Mean age of the study subjects was 62.47 years. Among the study subjects the blood pressure was under control among only 33.8% of the study population. The prevalence of depression was found to be 33.3% (144) with 95% C.I (27.98-39.14). Gender, Socio economic status, marital status, low educational status, regular physical activity, duration of hypertension, uncontrolled BP, were found to be significantly associated with depression. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression among hypertensive individuals is high in this study population. Adequate control of BP along with awareness among primary care physicians in identifying those with hypertension and co-morbid depression is essential. 

scholarly journals Assessment of anaemia in adolescent girls

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 3113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayant V. Upadhye ◽  
Jayshree J. Upadhye
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Background: The world’s adolescent population is facing a series of serious nutritional challenges which are not only affecting their growth and development but also their livelihood as adults. Yet, adolescents remain a largely neglected, difficult to measure and hard to reach population, in which the needs of adolescent girls in particular, are often ignored. Anemia in adolescent girls contributes to maternal and foetal mortality and morbidity in future. The objective of the study was to estimate the frequency of anemia among adolescent girls, to study the socio-demographic factors associated with anemia and to evaluate the cause and type of anaemia.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in an urban area in a school. A total of 300 girls (12-18 years) were included in this study. Statistical analysis was done using percentage, standard error of proportion, Chi-square test and student’s t-test.Results: The prevalence of anemia was found to be 90%. A significant association of anemia was found with socio-economic status and literacy status of parents. Mean height and weight of subjects with anemia was significantly less than subjects without anemia. A high prevalence of anemia among adolescent females was found, among those whose parents were less educated.Conclusions: The overall prevalence of anemia among adolescent females was found to be 90%. There is significant association of anemia with socio-economic status and parents' educational status. There is need to increase awareness of anemia in adolescent girls and parents.

scholarly journals Knowledge and practice on menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls of selected slums in Kathmandu valley

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabanam Karki ◽  
Ajay Kumar Rajbhandari ◽  
Maginsh Dahal ◽  
Prakash Shahi ◽  
Sushama Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Introductions: Hygiene related practices during menstruationare of considerable importance. This study assesses the existing level of knowledge on menstrual hygiene, and its compliance, among adolescent girls of selected slum areas in Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study design was applied and slums in Kathmandu district were selected conveniently as research site. Primary data were collected through interview by using structured questionnaire. The association between knowledge and practices were identified through chi square test. Results: There were282 respondents for study. Less than half 121 (42.9%) had adequate knowledge related to menstruation and its hygiene. Two-third 185(65.6%) of the participants used sanitary pads, 183 (98.9%), washed hands after pad change, 271 (96.1%) cleaned perineal area during menstruation, 227(80.5%) were aware about the myth and 61.9% followed social norms and restriction related with menstruation. Age of the participant, their education level and the income sources were found statistically significant with their level of knowledge on menstruation. Conclusions: More than half of adolescent girls of slums in Kathmandu district had inadequate knowledge regarding menstruation and two-third practiced menstrual hygiene.

scholarly journals Prevalence of self-medication practices among the residents of urban slums located near govt. medical college, Jabalpur

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 811
Author(s):  
Shubham Jain ◽  
Aditya Thakur ◽  
Kunal Peepre ◽  
Shivika Kaushal ◽  
Pradeep Kasar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Self-medication is defined as medication taken on the patient’s own initiative or on the advice of pharmacist or any other lay person. Self-medication can be described as a double edged sword for its users, because it has both beneficial and harmful effects. According to recent community based study in 2016 prevalence of self-medication in developing countries varies from 12% to as high as 73% in different communities. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of self-medication among the residents of urban slums located near Govt. medical college, Jabalpur and to identify the factors associated with the practice of self-medication.Methods: It was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in 412 families residing in slum areas around the medical college for duration of 2 months [1st July to 31st august 2017]. One participant from each family was interviewed. Data on socio demographic details (age, gender, education, occupation, and income), practice of self-medication, and reasons for use of self-medication were collected.Results: Among the total 412 participants, 176 (42.7%) practiced self-medication out of which 43.6% were Females. Highest prevalence of 58.1% amongst 18-40 years of age group, 69.3% was literates. Major reason for self-medication being disease is simple (56.5%). Majority took self-medication occasionally (72.5%) and most common source were Pharmacists (87.42%) through OTC (81.14%). Most widely used drugs were Analgesics (66.28%) and main indications were headache, body ache and other pains (25.2%). Associations were compared with chi-square test Socio economic status of participants and Vicinity distance from hospital revealed statistically significant result. Socio-economically upper class (p꞊0.018) and participants living more than 500 m away from hospital (p=0.010) tends to take more self medication.Conclusions: There was a heterogeneous spread in the practices. Easy availability of over the counter (OTC) drugs is a major factor responsible for irrational drug use. Community awareness programme, educational interventions should be conducted about side effects of self-medication. 

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on menstrual hygiene practices among school going adolescent girls (10-19 years) of Government Girls Inter College, Saifai, Etawah

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandini Gupta ◽  
Peeyush Kariwala ◽  
Anand M. Dixit ◽  
Parag Govil ◽  
Mahima . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Absorbent Material ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Family

Background: Menstrual hygiene is a key concern of adolescent health. Females spend around six to seven years of their lives menstruating. Still the menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is mostly neglected. Menstrual hygiene is a taboo; even females are uncomfortable discussing and educating their daughters about this topic. To understand the problem faced by females during menstruation specially in their adolescent age this study was conducted. This study was done to find out knowledge about menstrual hygiene, to study hygiene related practices among school going adolescent girls of Government Girls Inter College (GGIC), Saifai, Etawah.Methods: School based cross-sectional study was undertaken among the adolescent school going girls of GGIC, who were purposively selected. All girls of between the age group of 10 19 years who have attained menarche were selected and the sample size came out to be 212.Results: The mean age of attainment of menarche was 13.17 years with majority of girls having no idea about menstruation before menarche (76.4%). 48.6% girls used only sanitary pads as the absorbent material. It was concluded that there is significant association between the absorbent material used and the socio-economic status of the family (p=0.03173).Conclusions: There is a need of accurate and adequate information about menstruation and its effective management. The restrictions which are imposed on girls during menstruation should be understood and dealt in a proper way. Thus this study was conducted. 

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge and practices regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls of Government higher secondary school, station Murhipar, Rajnandgaon (C.G.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana Tiwari ◽  
Indu Jyotsna Ekka ◽  
Rajni Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Poor menstrual hygiene practices result into adverse health outcome in terms of increased vulnerability to reproductive tract infections (RTIs) and its consequences. The objective of present study was to assess the Knowledge and Practices regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent school girls.Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was done among adolescent girls of class VII, VIII, IX and X (who attained menarche) in Government higher secondary school, station Murhipar, Rajnandgaon (C.G.) during September 2017 to October 2017 (two months) using a pre-designed, pre-tested questionnaire. Statistical analysis: Collected data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage).Results: A total of 141 adolescent school girls in the age group 12 to 17 years participated in this study. The mean age of menarche of the respondents was 12.9 years (range 11-15 years). Majority of girls (85.8%) were aware about menstruation prior to attainment of menarche. Mother was the first informant in case of 55.4% girls. Majority of girls (90.1%) practiced different restrictions during menstruation. Only 2.1% girls used sanitary pads during menstruation. Regarding hygienic practices, only 29.8% of girls change their cloths/pads three and above times per day and 98.6% girls had daily bath with soap during menstruation. Satisfactory hand washing with soap and water after changing pad during menstruation was present in 96.4%. Cleanliness of external genitalia was satisfactory in case of 80.1% girls.Conclusions: The adolescent girls need to be educated about fact of menstruation and menstrual hygiene practices in order to improve the menstrual hygiene.

scholarly journals The effect of Literacy and Socio-economic status on issues related to adolescent girls

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Nilesh Gothi ◽  
Gorav Yadav ◽  
Aditi Gothi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Reproductive And Sexual Health ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV/AIDS therefore is the most devastating disease and is getting worst instead of better. Girls and young women are highly vulnerable to HIV/AIDS and lack of education makes them more so. The aim of this study to assess the effect of Literacy and Socio-economic status on issues related to adolescent girl’s Reproductive and Sexual Health like menstrual hygiene, knowledge regarding reproduction, STD, AIDS in urban slums.Methods: This is a observational community based cross –sectional study carried -out on all the Adolescent girls married and unmarried from the age group above 13 to 19 years residing in the defined area. House to house survey of the eligible subjects was done by the researcher herself using a pre-designed and pretested schedule.Results: Out of total 376 respondents, majority 310 (82.44%) of adolescent girls knew about HIV/AIDS. most of the girls (69.67%) considered ‘Sharing contaminated needles’ as common mode of HIV/AIDS transmission out of which 86.57% were from above primary and 13.42% were from up to primary educational group. Most of the girls (69.67%) knew ‘Sharing contaminated needles as common mode of HIV/AIDS transmission. Our study shows that, most of the respondents (72.69%) wanted to know more about methods of prevention, out of which 63.45%, 29.44% and 7.10% girls were from lower, middle and higher SEC respectively.Conclusions: Adolescent girls undergo physical, emotional and psychological changes. Many doubts and questions arise in their minds especially regarding reproductive and sexual health leading to worries and anxieties. The various levels where interventions can be applied to improve adolescent girl’s reproductive and sexual health.

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