Outbreak investigation of acid fly attack among residential students in a tertiary care centre in South India

Paederus dermatitis is the skin irritation resulting from contact with the haemolymph of certain rove beetles, a group that is comprised by the genus Paederus. In May 2018, there was an increase in the number of residential students reporting with burning skin lesions. In this context, an outbreak investigation was conducted. A team of public health specialists visited these residential buildings and premises. The inmates who were affected were interviewed and examined. Suspected insects were collected and entomologically evaluated by the Zoological Survey of India. On examination of the affected individuals, it was observed that the rashes were very much suggestive of acid fly toxin induced lesions. Inspection of the premises, revealed small heaps of dried leaves with moisture at two sites which could have served as a suitable environment for acid fly multiplication. Our study concluded that Paederus fuscipes as the causative agent. Top storeys of buildings, illuminated at night, facing potentially wet areas were considered to be the potential risk factor. Fly proofing of the building, cleaning the institution premises and chemical treatment was suggested as appropriate control measures.

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CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF HIV IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS AT TERTIARY CENTRE

10.36106/gjra/8009792 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 70-72

Author(s):

Anubhav Agrawal ◽

Simmi Dube ◽

Aditya Tejwani

Keyword(s):

Cell Count ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Care Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cutaneous Manifestations ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Cd4 Cell

BACKGROUND-The study was conducted to describe systematic clinical manifestations among HIV in PLHA at tertiary care centre. METHODOLOGY- This study was designed as cross sectional study at Department of Medicine, tertiary care centre. A total of 100 HIV infected patients were included detailed enquiry about presence of skin lesions along with CD4 cell count was obtained and entered in pretested questionnaire RESULTS-The mean age of patients with HIV was 43.9±10.2 years and Slight female preponderance was observed with male: 3 female ratio of 0.89:1. Mean CD4 count was 243.2±103.2 cells/mm . Majority of patients had CD4 count in the range of less than 3 200 cells/mm (64%) Staphylococcal skin infections were the most common skin lesions observed in 34% patients. All the patients with cutaneous manifestations presented in present study had low CD4 cell count. However, no statistically signicant association between CD4 count and cutaneous manifestations could be documented (p>0.05). CONCLUSION-Cutaneous manifestations are more prevalent in patients with lower CD4 counts and can also be observed with normal CD4 count levels amongst patients with HIV. Occurrence of cutaneous manifestations was higher in patients with lower CD4 count but the observed difference was not statistically signicant.

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Prevalence of various dermatoses in pregnancy at a tertiary care centre in Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India: an observational study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20190263 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 425

Author(s):

Shruti Uniyal ◽

Ritika Agarwal ◽

Nupur Nandi ◽

Pulkit Jain

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Palmar Erythema ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: This was a prospective study which was done to observe various skin lesions in pregnancy and to determine the most likely causes and their incidence in antenatal patients, it was noticed that many women in our institute were having pregnancy related cutaneous complaints thus this observational study was carried out so that better preventive measures and treatment options could be provided to these patients.Methods: Study was conducted in out-patient department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, TMU, Moradabad. All ANC cases between October 2017 to September 2018 having any type of dermatoses were included in the study irrespective of gestational age. 6348 patients appeared in OPD in the given time period out of which 1256 were included. In case of pruritus, liver function tests were done with USG whole abdomen and patients were reviewed by physician if required. Screening with VDRL, HCV, HbSAg and ELISA for HIV was done in all. Results were tabulated and analyzed.Results: 50.8% primi gravidas ,49.2% multi gravidas. age range 18-38 years. 29.3% presented in third trimester ,25.6% presented in second trimester. Physiological changes seen in all cases, 8.68% specific dermatoses of pregnancy. 40.4 % no complaints, 5.65% melasma, 90.8% hyperpigmentation, 94.6% linea nigra. Secondary areola 89.3%,striae 80.3% out of which 38.9%- primi gravidas and 41.40% -multi gravidas. 92.9% no change in hair density. Montgomery’s tubercles 30-50% of cases. spiders nevi 67%. No cases of palmar erythema. Pruritus gravidarum 38.53%. PUPPP 28.4%. Pemphigoid Gestationis 9.17%. Prurigo of pregnancy 18.34%. Pruritic folliculitis 1.8%. Eczema in pregnancy : pre-existing in 3.7% , out of which exacerbation 1, 3 unaffected. 3 chicken pox.1 filariasis.24 herpetic lesions (herpes simplex).1 scleroderma.17.27% pre-existing taenia infection . Scabies 20.46%.11 0.87% dual infection (scabies-taenia).Conclusions: This study highlights high prevalence of community acquired infections in our region like taenia, scabies giving rise to skin lesions in Antenatal women. Moreover, it highlights a probable association between the prevalence of skin lesions with factors like poor personal hygiene, overcrowding, low socioeconomic status, anaemia and poor nutritional status.

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Epidemiology of fractures in indoor patients at a tertiary care centre in India: a study of 3000 cases

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20214958 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Mohan M. Desai ◽

Deven R. Kuruwa ◽

Easwar Elango ◽

Roshan Wade

Keyword(s):

Road Traffic ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Control Measures ◽

Age Group ◽

Care Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Treatment Protocols ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Femur Fractures

Background: Implementing appropriate fracture control measures and treatment protocols is crucial to maximizing health and development gains. This requires an in depth understanding of age-specific, sex-specific and cause-specific injury patterns at the national and subnational levels. No such study on fracture epidemiology has been undertaken in the Indian population.Methods: Study was conducted in a tertiary care centre (KEM hospital, Mumbai) which is one of the highest volume trauma centres in the country. Data of 3000 patients was obtained from the medical records department for the year 2016-2019. Patients were segregated with respect to their genders and into three age groups. Etiology of fracture was noted, and fractures classified according to the anatomical area. Whether the patient received conservative or operative management was also recorded.Results: 43.83% of the fractures occurred in 18-50 years age group. 41.33% in the above 50 group and only 14.73% in the below 18 age group. Overall male to female ratio was 1.4: 1. Vehicular accident was the most common mode of injury (47.07%) followed by fall from height (21.03%). Proximal femur fractures were the most common accounting for 19.57% of all fractures followed by forearm (10.53%), tibia diaphysis (8.10%). Talus was the least common. 81.07% cases were managed operatively and 18.93% conserved.Conclusions: Our study highlights that Indian epidemiology is unique from our Western counterparts. Population affected is much younger, old age males are affected more than females. Lower limb fractures are more prevalent and road traffic accidents are responsible for almost half the fractures.

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Study on prevalence of hepatitis B in pregnant women and its effect on maternal and fetal outcome at tertiary care centre

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20172069 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 2238

Author(s):

Sunita Mishra ◽

Priyali Purandre ◽

Ratna Thakur ◽

Shweta Agrawal ◽

Madhuri Alwani

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Pregnant Patient ◽

Control Measures ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Vaccination Programs

Background: Hepatitis-B is caused by double stranded DNA virus. Prevalence of hepatitis B in pregnant woman worldwide is 2.5 to 1.5% whereas in India it is 2 to 7.7%.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at SAMC and PGI, Indore between January 2016 to December 2016. Hepatitis- B prevalence and outcome was assessed by doing routine screening of hepatitis B antigen in our indoor patients and finding out their maternal and fetal outcome.Results: Total 3567 deliveries were conducted during study period, out of them 39 were diagnosed as HbsAg positive pregnant patient; so, prevalence was found to be 1.09%. out of these, 84.6% were booked cases, mode of delivery was vaginal in 66.67% cases, preterm Delivery was in 10.26% of cases, meconium stained liquor was found in 5.13% cases, maternal mortality was nil, perinatal mortality was found in 2.56% cases and 5.13% cases were admitted in NICU.Conclusions: Screening of all pregnant women for HbsAg irrespective of risk factors will definitely help to know the correct prevalence and reduce the transmission of hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B is a major public health problem in India and will continue to be until appropriate nationwide vaccination programs and other control measures are established.

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Clinico-epidemiological study of childhood lichen planus at a tertiary care centre in South India

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20182005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 346

Author(s):

Srirath Madappally Kambil

Keyword(s):

Lichen Planus ◽

South India ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Autoimmune Disorder ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Age Group ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Main Site ◽

Epidemiological Features ◽

Mucosal Involvement

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is an autoimmune disorder occurring infrequently in children. LP is mainly seen in adults of both sexes. There are only a few studies on childhood LP in South India.Methods: 52 children under 14 years of age with LP were evaluated. The study was done in the Dermatology outpatient department from April 2016 to March 2018. The various clinical and epidemiological features observed are recorded in the study.Results: LP was slightly more common in boys and the age group mainly affected was 5-9years. Classical LP was the most common clinical type and extremities were the main site of skin lesions. Erosive lesions on buccal mucosa were the commonest type of mucosal involvement. Koebners phenomenon was seen in a significant number of cases.Conclusions: LP is not rare in children and resembles adult LP in most aspects. Mucosal and nail involvement is seen in many cases. Knowledge about the various clinical patterns of LP will help in early diagnosis and proper treatment.

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Knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers in infantile skin care

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20180550 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 536

Author(s):

Srinivasa S. ◽

Bhavya G. ◽

Shruthi Patel ◽

Harish S. ◽

Syeda Kausar Anjum

Keyword(s):

Cultural Beliefs ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Skin Irritation ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Behavioral Pattern ◽

Skin Care ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Talcum Powder

Background: Skin of the newborn is susceptible and sensitive to trauma and infection and requires special care. Though mothers are aware of the infants’ skin care, just studying the knowledge and attitude is not enough without studying the practice. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers regarding the infantile skin care.Methods: A cross sectional study conducted at a tertiary care centre in Bangalore. In a period of 6 months, post-natal mothers with infants attending well baby clinics were interviewed through a semi structure performa.Results: Among 400 mothers interviewed mean age was 25.44 years, 37.67% belonging to urban and 62.33% to rural area. 96.7% were educated. Only 36.33% practiced correct hand washing practice before handling. 52.4% reported 1st bath to babies on day 3 of life, 64.4% reported 5-10 minutes bathing, and 78.6% reported daily bathing. 78.30% unaware that perfumed soaps cause skin irritation. 84.60% practiced daily oil massage and 86.40% used coconut oil. Reasons stated were better development (59.30%), soft skin (24.70%). 76.2% used talcum powder to absorb moisture. 88% believes Kajal use is safe and most use to ward off evil eyes. 57% used diapers while going outside, 65% changed < 3 per day, 62 % used cloth to wipe the area, 45% used talcum powder while changing diaper.Conclusion: This study helps us to identify knowledge gaps, cultural beliefs and behavioral pattern of mothers in infantile skin care. It also measures effectiveness of health education in changing health behavior.

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Prevalence of various Beta-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae in a tertiary care hospital in South India: A Cross-sectional study

IP International Journal of Medical Microbiology and Tropical Diseases ◽

10.18231/j.ijmmtd.2021.039 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 186-191

Author(s):

Soumya Kaup ◽

S Roopashree

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Resistance Mechanism ◽

Control Measures ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Strict Adherence ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase

Antimicrobial resistance among bacteria has constantly increased over the years with emergence of novel resistance mechanism among these versatile organisms. Identifying the resistance pattern of the isolates both regionally and globally is essential for the institution of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of beta-Lactamase enzymes among species of Enterobacteriaceae.312 consecutive isolates belonging to the family of Enterobacteriaceae were included in the study conducted over a period of one year. After preliminary antibiotic susceptibility testing using standard guidelines, production of various beta-Lactamase enzymes was assessed by phenotypic methods.22.76% of the isolates were found to be Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producers, 37.82% were AmpC Beta-Lactamase producers and 7.37% of the isolates produced the Carbapenemase enzyme.Our study estimates the prevalence of various beta-Lactamase enzymes in isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in a tertiary care centre. The increase in production of these enzymes among bacteria necessitates the implementation of strict adherence to antibiotic policy and infection control measures.

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Clinicopathological study of skin lesions at a rural tertiary care centre: Study of 220 cases

International Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Pathology ◽

10.33545/pathol.2021.v4.i4c.434 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 144-148

Author(s):

Dr. Waghmare AW ◽

Dr. Narwade SB ◽

Swami SY

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Care Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Centre Study ◽

Clinicopathological Study

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Oral pemphigus vulgaris: clinicopathological study of 35 cases at a tertiary care centre in North India

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20170973 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 192

Author(s):

Ameesha Mahajan ◽

Jasleen Kaur ◽

Mridu Manjari ◽

Saurabh Sharma ◽

Pooja Bains ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Punch Biopsy ◽

North India ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Present Specimen ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Oral Ulcers

Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical and histopathological features of oral pemphigus vulgaris.Methods: A prospective study of 35 cases of oral pemphigus vulgaris, over a period of 2.5 years from June 2014 to December 2016 in the Department of Dermatology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar was designed. Complete history and detailed mucocutaneous examination was done. Punch biopsy was performed from the oral mucosa and skin lesions (if present). Specimen was sent for histopathological examination and results analysed.Results: Out of 35 patients, 17 (48.57%) were males and 18 (51.42%) were females. Male to female ratio was 1:1.1. The majority of the patients (12, 34.29%) were in the 40-49 year age group. Multiple sites were involved in all patients with bilateral buccal mucosa being involved in all the cases, followed by tongue (30, 85.71%). Histopathological examination showed presence of suprabasal split and acantholytic cells in all cases. Conclusions: Oral ulcers are a presenting feature of pemphigus vulgaris which commonly precede the skin lesions. Histopathological examination enables early diagnosis of the disease which leads to prompt treatment and decreased morbidity.

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Histomorphological analysis and clinical correlation of neoplastic and non neoplastic skin lesions: a study in a tertiary care centre of Western Uttar Pradesh, India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20203093 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 2820

Author(s):

Mithila Bisht ◽

Anjana Arya ◽

B. C. Choudhry

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Punch Biopsy ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Dermatological Disorders

Background: Clinical examination may suffice in making diagnosis of most dermatologic disorders but histopathological examination is often required to confirm the diagnosis and further categorize the lesions. Authors carried out this study to analyse the demographic and histomorphological characteristics of skin lesions, to determine the frequency of various dermatological disorders in the region and to evaluate the agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis.Methods: Punch biopsies of skin lesions received in histopathology section, were included in the study. Cases over a period of six months were analysed. Clinical details were recorded and histopathological analysis done. Special stains were applied wherever required.Results: Of the 120 cases studied, maximum cases fell in the category of 31-40 years, with male predominance. Authors observed wide variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Infectious diseases were the most common of all pathologies. Leprosy was the most common histopathological diagnosis. Complete clinicopathologic correlation was seen in 51.67% of cases while partial correlation was noted in 23.33% making a total of 75%. 25% histopathological diagnosis were inconsistent with the clinical diagnosis.Conclusions: Histopathology is a gold standard investigation and plays a very important role in confirmation of clinical diagnosis of various skin lesions. Punch biopsy is a relatively easy outpatient procedure to perform.

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