scholarly journals Seasonal variation and role of meteorological conditions in reported chicken pox cases in a residential hostel of Ramgarh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1191
Author(s):  
Vivek Gupta ◽  
Surinder Kumar ◽  
Saurabh Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Chicken Pox ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Temporary Closure ◽  
The Impact

Background: Chicken pox is an acute, common, and highly contagious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV). Chicken pox is predominantly a childhood disease characterized by pruritic vesicular exanthema with systemic symptoms such as fever, loss of appetite, and malaise. Primary infection tends to occur at a younger age and is usually benign in immunocompetent children but can be life-threatening in adults and immunocompromised individuals, with an attack rate approaching >85% after exposure. This study attempts to evaluate the trend of chickenpox cases in a residential hostel in Ramgarh.Methods: This was a record based descriptive study done using reported Chicken Pox cases in the OPDs during the period from January 2015 to December 2018. Monthly average for meteorological data (Min and Max temperature, Precipitation and Humidity) for Ramgarh was recorded for the study period. Seasonality and trend was identified for chicken pox cases during this period by plotting the monthly number of clinically diagnosed cases over time period to identify any repeated pattern. Poisson’s distribution was used to estimate association between meteorological variables and incidence of chickenpox cases.Results: Analysis revealed strong correlations (r=0.7553, p<0.0001) between humidity and precipitation. There was a significant correlation between Incidence of varicella and meteorological factors under study (all p<0.05).Conclusions: The findings of this study will aid in forecasting epidemics and in preparing for the impact of climate change on the varicella epidemiology through the implementation of public health preventive measures such as promoting good hygiene practices, temporary   closure of educational institutions, active vaccination and campaigns that include press releases and media events to encourage preventive activities.

scholarly journals Impact of meteorological factors on number of new COVID-19 cases in Pune

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4307
Author(s):  
Saurabh Mahajan ◽  
Ravi Devarakonda ◽  
Gautam Mukherjee ◽  
Nisha Verma ◽  
Kumar Pushkar
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Daily Number ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Indian Meteorological Department ◽  
The Impact

Background: Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that can result in different types of illnesses, most commonly, as Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Researches have shown that the atmospheric variables and the density of population have affected the transmission of the disease. Meteorological variables like temperature, humidity among others have found to affect the rise of pandemic in positive or negative ways.  Respiratory virus illnesses have shown seasonal variability since the time they have been discovered and managed. This study investigated the relationship between the meteorological variables of temperature, humidity and precipitation in the spread of COVID-19 disease in the city of Pune.Methods: This record based descriptive study is conducted after secondary data analysis of number of new cases of COVID-19 per day from the period 01 May to 24 December 2020 in Pune. Meteorological data of maximum (Tmax), minimum (Tmin) and daily average temperature (Tavg), humidity and precipitation were daily noted from Indian meteorological department website. Trend was identified plotting the daily number of clinically diagnosed cases over time period. Pearson’s correlation was used to estimate association between meteorological variables and daily detected fresh cases of COVID-19 disease.  Results: Analysis revealed significant negative correlation (r=-0.3563, p<0.005) between daily detected number of cases and maximum daily temperature. A strong positive correlation was seen between humidity and daily number of cases (r=0.5541, p<0.005).Conclusions: The findings of this study will aid in forecasting epidemics and in preparing for the impact of climate change on the COVID epidemiology through the implementation of public health preventive measures.

scholarly journals Life Threatening Complications of Chicken Pox in a Young Adult

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
Mostofa Kamal Chowdhury ◽  
Ashfaque Ahmed Siddique ◽  
Md. Manjurul Haque ◽  
Shaida Ali ◽  
Sarmistha Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Chicken Pox ◽  
Life Threatening

Chicken pox is a self-limiting, infectious disease caused by Varicella-zoster virus (VZV). In adults though rare, severe form of disease may cause complications like hepatitis, pneumonia, encephalitis. We present here a case of young male with life threatening complications of chicken pox who survived due to prompt & timely management.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v15i1.19873 J Medicine 2014; 15: 55-57

Varicella-Zoster Virus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Picone ◽  
Christelle Vauloup-Fellous ◽  
Laurent Mandelbrot
Keyword(s):  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Varicella Vaccine ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Varicella Infection ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Peripartum Period ◽  
The Impact

Chickenpox in a pregnant woman is uncommon, but it is a major concern for patients and their families, as well as for clinicians caring for pregnant women. Varicella infection during pregnancy is usually benign, but there can be serious consequences for both mother and child. Notably, fetal varicella syndrome (FVS) can happen when infection occurs before 21 weeks of gestation. It can present with serious neurological anomalies and unusual cicatricial skin lesions. Later in pregnancy, primary neonatal varicella may occur when the mother is infected in the peripartum period, and it can be life-threatening. The complications of varicella during pregnancy are reviewed, with an emphasis on early recognition, accurate timing of infection, and risk to the developing fetus and newborn infant. The impact of varicella vaccine on the epidemiology of these infections is reviewed, as well as indications for varicella-zoster virus (VZV)–specific immune globulin and antiviral therapy with acyclovir.

Rare case of post-varicella membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis presenting with massive proteinuria

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. e233084
Author(s):  
Avirup Majumdar ◽  
Virendra Atam ◽  
Mayank Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Crescentic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Varicella Infection ◽  
Gross Hematuria ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Chicken Pox ◽  
Percutaneous Renal Biopsy ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Nephrotic Range Proteinuria

Chicken pox caused by varicella zoster virus is usually a self-limiting disease causing rare life-threatening complications. Involvement of the kidneys is infrequent during the course of the illness. Literature shows rare reports of acute glomerulonephritis following varicella infection. We report a case of 16-year-old boy presenting with anasarca with characteristic healed rashes of chicken pox. His urinalysis revealed a ‘massive’ nephrotic range proteinuria (16 g/24 hours), gross hematuria and pyuria. A percutaneous renal biopsy showed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Most cases of post-varicella glomerulonephritis have been described in children, massive proteinuria of this range in an immunocompetent adolescent, being an extremely rare entity. Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis in such cases is usually an immune complex hypocomplementaemic glomerulonephritis in response to the zoster infection. Proteinuria in most patients is benign and self-limiting with few fatal reports of crescentic glomerulonephritis progressing to acute renal failure.

Analiza leczenia pacjentów zakażonych pałeczką Salmonella na Oddziale Pediatrycznym Warszawskiego Szpitala dla Dzieci

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Cichal ◽  
Agnieszka Wypych
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Lymph Glands ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Poisoning In Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

Introduction. Salmonella poisoning (salmonellosis) poses a serious clinical problem for pediatricians. Consumption of infected food is the primary cause of the illness. The symptoms of salmonella poisoning can vary, ranging from mild gastroenteritis to the more severe, including septicaemia which can be life-threatening. Aim. The aim is to analyse the treatment of salmonella poisoning in children admitted to the Children's Hospital in Warsaw and to study the impact of certain clinical symptoms, the outcome of laboratory tests and scans and the effectiveness of different therapies. Material and methods. This is a retrospective study of 79 children admitted to the Children's Ward during the time period of January 2016 to May 2016. The children were diagnosed with salmonella poisoning following microbiological tests. Two different pathways were studied: firstly, the treatment administered solely to alleviate symptoms, and secondly, the treatment which included administration of antibiotics. Results. The time period of the presentation of symptoms prior to hospital admission was similar for both groups. The percentage of patients with fever, high levels of infection and raised levels of immature neutrophils in blood samples and signs of bowel inflammation showing in scan tests was significantly higher in those children requiring antibiotics. The number of patients where blood in the stools and enlarged lymph glands were observed was similar in both groups. Conclusions. The most common serotype to be isolated was Salmonella enteridis. The majority of patients in the ward diagnosed with salmonella poisoning required only symptomatic treatment. Antibiotics were administered only in the more severe cases where bacteremia was suspected. In all the cases the most frequently administered medication was Sulfamethoxazole. In children presenting a systemic inflammatory response third generation cephalosporins were administered.

Cardiac complications in children following infection with varicella zoster virus

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Abrams ◽  
Graham Derrick ◽  
Daniel J. Penny ◽  
Elliot A. Shinebourne ◽  
Andrew N. Redington
Keyword(s):  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Chicken Pox ◽  
Cardiac Decompensation ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Pathological Mechanism ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Cardiotropic Viruses ◽  
Cellular Destruction

Infection with varicella zoster virus, leading to chicken pox in susceptible hosts, is usually a benign self-limiting disease conferring immunity in those affected. Cardiac complications are rare, but when present may lead to severe morbidity or mortality.We have recently encountered three children, all of whom developed significant cardiac complications secondary to infection with varicella. Myocarditis has long been associated with such infection. The pathological mechanism is presumed similar to other cardiotropic viruses, where both direct cytopathic and secondary auto-immune effects contribute to myocardial cellular destruction and ventricular dysfunction. Complications include arrhythmias and progression to dilated cardiomyopathy.Pericarditis, and secondary pericardial effusion, related to infection with the virus is most commonly associated with secondary bacterial infiltration. Both cardiac tamponade and chronic pericardial constriction may result.Endocarditis complicating varicella has only been described in the last fifteen years, and is associated with the emergence of virulent strains of both streptococcus and staphylococcus, the two organisms most commonly associated with endocarditis. The exact mechanism by which varicella causes secondary bacterial endocarditis remains unclear.Whilst cardiac complications of infection with the varicella zoster virus are rare, the resulting complications are potentially life threatening. Evidence of varicella-induced carditis must be aggressively pursued in any child with signs of acute cardiac decompensation in whom chicken pox is confirmed or suspected.

Alteraciones sistémicas y metabólicas producidas por lesión medular

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
Gabriel Guízar Sahagún
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Autonomic Function ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Impact

Besides the well-known loss of motor and sensory capabilities, people with spinal cord injury (SCI) experience a broad range of systemic and metabolic abnormalities including, among others, dysfunction of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, and endocrine systems. These alterations are a significant challenge for patients with SCI because such disorders severely interfere with their daily living and can be potentially life-threatening. Most of these disorders are associated with impairment of regulation of the autonomic nervous system, arising from disruption of connections between higher brain centers and the spinal cord caudal to the injured zone. Thus, the higher and more complete the lesion, the greater the autonomic dysfunction and the severity of complications.This article summarizes the medical scientific literature on key systemic and metabolic alterations derived of SCI. It provides information primarily focused on the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of these disorders, as well as some guides to prevent and alleviate such complications. Due to the impact of these alterations, this topic must be a priority and diffuse to those involved with the care of people with SCI, including the patient himself/herself. We consider that any collaborative effort should be supported, like the development of international standards, to evaluate autonomic function after SCI, as well as the development of novel therapeutic approaches.

Gendered Impact of Corruption in Healthcare Service Delivery in Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yetunde A. Aluko
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Women's Voices ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Poor Women ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Threatening Situation ◽  
The Impact

This paper supports the hypothesis that corruption and non-delivery of services in key sectors such as health have gender-specific poverty consequences. The study utilized qualitative micro-level information about the structures of corruption and its impact on poor women. Respondents expressed their perceptions on the occurrence of corrupt practices in public health care system and its wider impact on society. The findings revealed that the impact of corruption is felt disproportionately by women and the poor, who are most dependent on public services, and have no alternative even when facing corrupt practices in a life threatening situation, such as complicated birth delivery. Pregnant women denied access to doctors tended to deliver at home, which increased the likelihood of complications and maternal and child mortality. Medical supplies meant for public hospitals are sold to private clinics who charge more for drugs and supplies. There is need to strengthen sectoral oversight mechanisms and transparency as well as increase women’s voices in service delivery.

The management of Hemorrhoidal Disease by Dearterialization and Mucopexy.

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica De Simone ◽  
Francesco Litta ◽  
Angelo Parello ◽  
Paola Campennì ◽  
Raffaele Orefice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Doppler Probe ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Bowel Movements ◽  
Excessive Strain ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Hemorrhoidal Prolapse ◽  
The Impact

: Several minimally invasive surgical procedures have been recently developed to treat hemorrhoids without any excision. About 25 years ago, a non-excisional procedure providing doppler-guided ligation of the hemorrhoidal arteries has been proposed - named “hemorrhoidal dearterialization”. The original technique has been modified over the years, and indications were expanded. In particular, a plication of the redundant and prolapsing mucosa/submucosa of the rectum (named “mucopexy”) has been introduced to treat hemorrhoidal prolapse, without excision of the hemorrhoidal piles. At present, the THD® Doppler procedure is one of the most used techniques to treat hemorrhoids. Aim of this technique is to realize a target dearterialization, using a Doppler probe with the final purpose to reduce the arterial overflow to the hemorrhoidal piles. In case of associated hemorrhoidal prolapse, a mucopexy is performed together with Doppler-guided dearterialization. The entity and circumferential extension of the hemorrhoidal prolapse guides the mucopexy, which can be considered tailored to a single patient; the dearterialization should be considered mandatory. Advantages of this surgical technique are the absence of serious and life-threatening postoperative events, chronic complications, and limited recurrence risks. The impact of the procedure on the anorectal physiology is negligible. However, a careful postoperative management is mandatory to avoid complications and to guarantee an improved long-term outcome. Therefore, regular physiologic bowel movements, excessive strain at the defecation and strong physical activity are advisable.

Epigenetic Studies in Psychotherapy: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Rafael Penadés ◽  
Bárbara Arias ◽  
Mar Fatjó-Vilas ◽  
Laura González-Vallespí ◽  
Clemente García-Rizo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact

Background: Epigenetic modifications appear to be dynamic and they might be affected by environmental factors. The possibility of influencing these processes through psychotherapy has been suggested. Objective: To analyse the impact of psychotherapy on epigenetics when applied to mental disorders. The main hypothesis is that psychological treatments will produce epigenetic modifications related to the improvement of treated symptoms. Methods: A computerised and systematic search was completed throughout the time period from 1990 to 2019 on the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases. Results: In total, 11 studies were selected. The studies were evaluated for the theoretical framework, genes involved, type of psychotherapy and clinical challenges and perspectives. All studies showed detectable changes at the epigenetic level, like DNA methylation changes, associated with symptom improvement after psychotherapy. Conclusion: Methylation profiles could be moderating treatment effects of psychotherapy. Beyond the detected epigenetic changes after psychotherapy, the epigenetic status before the implementation could act as an effective predictor of response.

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