Diagnostic accuracy of renal calculi on ultrasonography taking computed tomography as gold standard

Background: Ultrasonography is a useful modality to diagnose stones and to confirm the occurrence of complications of other renal pathology, so it is important to understand these characteristic findings and other diseases that mimic them. In addition, other imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) can be recommended if the clinical or radiological diagnosis is ambiguous.Methods: A group of 325 patients with clinical suspicion of renal calculi were included in this study. Out of these 325 patients 179 (55.0%) were male and 146 (44.9%) were female. All these patients underwent ultrasonography (USG) examination. Final diagnosis was based on CT findings which was done subsequently.Results: The total number of patients comprising the study were 325 who underwent ultrasound examination. After USG and CT scan was done to confirm the diagnosis. Out of 325 patients, 201 patients were confirmed having renal calculi on USG analysis and remaining 103 patients were true negative.Conclusions: The study proves that USG is highly accurate in diagnosing and characterizing renal calculi. USG also guides in defining exact location as well as aids in deciding the medical or surgical approach to be used.

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Assessment of Imaging Performance and Accuracy for the Diagnostic Evaluation of Wilms Tumor in Kids in the ERA of Contrast Based CT Scan with Histopathological Correlation: A Study in Tertiary Care Hospital

International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science ◽

10.23958/ijirms/vol06-i10/1219 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. 668-673

Author(s):

Ashraf Amirali ◽

Jaideep Darira ◽

Hina Pathan ◽

Sorath Murtaza ◽

Munaza Irshad

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Wilms Tumor ◽

Diagnostic Evaluation ◽

Contrast Enhanced ◽

Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽

Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

The aim of the study is the assessment of accuracy for the diagnostic evaluation of Wilms tumor in the pediatric population in the era of contrast-enhanced CT scan using histopathology as a gold standard. Plain and contrast-enhanced abdominal Computed Tomography including pelvis and chest was performed in suspected patients with multiple axial sections with sagittal and coronal reconstructions. Patients were being followed, data was collected and recorded on proforma after histopathology. The patient's mean age for this study in years was 3.5 ± 1.2. Gender distribution showed 170 patients (54.6%) were male while the remaining 141 patients (45.33%) were female. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed sensitivity (90.36%), specificity (51.72%), diagnostic accuracy (72.34%), positive predictive value (68.18%), and negative predictive value (82.42%) confirmed on Histopathology as the gold standard. It is concluded from the results of this study that contrast-enhanced computed tomography proved high diagnostic accuracy positive predictive in the detection of Wilms’ tumor by taking histopathology as the gold standard.

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Additive value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan for detection of aortic tube graft infection: a case report

European Heart Journal - Case Reports ◽

10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa512 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Farnoosh Larti ◽

Mohammad Amin Khadembashiri ◽

Mehrshad Abbasi ◽

Alborz Sherafati

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Positron Emission Tomography ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Graft Infection ◽

Emission Tomography ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Pet Ct ◽

History Of ◽

Pet Ct Scan

Abstract Background Diagnosis of aortic graft infection is challenging, and delayed diagnosis is associated with poor prognosis. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has improved diagnostic accuracy. Case summary A patient with a history of congenital heart disease was admitted due to fever. He had a history of four cardiac surgeries, including the Bentall procedure for endocarditis. Blood cultures were negative. A semi-mobile mass was detected in the distal portion of the aortic tube graft in echocardiography. PET/CT scan was used to confirm tube graft infection and to support proceeding to cardiac surgery. Discussion Using multimodality imaging, including PET/CT scan in combination with echocardiography, can improve diagnostic accuracy for the detection of aortic tube graft infection, infection of prosthetic valves, or intra-cardiac devices, especially in high-risk surgical cases.

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Diagnostic Accuracy of HRCT Chest in Detection of Covid-19 Infection Taking PCR as Gold Standard

10.53350/pjmhs211561679 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 1679-1681

Author(s):

Afaque Ali ◽

Majid Shaikh ◽

Ahsanullah . ◽

Adeel Ahmed ◽

Abid Ali Sahito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

High Resolution ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Radiology Department ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Head Of Department

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest in detection of covid-19 infection taking PCR as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Radiology department of Tabba Hospital, Karachi. Duration: From March 2019 to September 2020 Material and Methods: All the clinically suspected patients of covid-19, of any age, both genders and those referred to radiology for High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest to detect the covid-19 infection were included. After two days, patients’ PCR reports were collected from the ward, after taking informed consent and permission from head of department. The diagnostic accuracy of HRCT was established with respect to sensitivity, PPV, NPV, and specificity by taking PCR as gold standard. All the information was collected via study proforma. Results: Total 70 patients suspected for COVID-19 were studied, and the patients’ mean age was 58.23±9.52 years. Males were in majority 54(77.1%). As per HRCT findings, COVID-19 infection was positive in 46 patients, however, 48 patients were detected positive for COVID-19 infection as per PCR findings. In the detection of COVID-19 infection, HRCT chest showed sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 90%, PPV of 83%, NPV of 84% and diagnostic accuracy of 94%; by taking PCR as gold standard. Conclusion: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable diagnostic approach in promptly detecting the COVID-19; with 91% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 83% positive predictive value, 84% negative predictive value and 94% diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Accuracy, HRCT, COVID-19

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Diagnostic Accuracy of Multislice Contrast CT scan in Detection of Squamous cell Carcinoma of Oral cavity, in clinically suspected Patients

10.53350/pjmhs211582500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 2500-2501

Author(s):

Aliya Khan ◽

Abid Ali Sahito ◽

Mahreen Shaikh ◽

Humera Jabeen ◽

Humaira Ashraf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Multislice Computed Tomography ◽

Multislice Ct ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multislice computed tomography (CT) in detection of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral cavity in clinically suspected patients taking histopathology as gold standard. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study has been conducted at Radiology department of Civil Hospital Karachi from 8th September 2018 to March 2019. All the cases having suspected oral squamous cell carcinoma and either of gender were included. Patients underwent computed tomography by using multislice scanner. Then patients undergone biopsy sampling and patients were labeled as positive or negative for squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity on MDCT and histopathology. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of multislice CT for squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity were measured taking histopathology as gold standard. Results: Total 168 cases were studied and out of them males were 76.8% and females were 23.2%. Mean gutka addiction history was 11.52±5.21 years. Mean lesion size on CT scan was 2.44±1.43 cm. In our study, 35.1% patients were diagnosed positive by multislice computed tomography and 43.5% through histopathology. Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 86.4%, 79.8%, 69.9%, 91.6%, and 82.1% respectively. Conclusion: Multislice CT observed to be the effective diagnostic tool for the detection of SCC of oral cavity. Keywords: Multislice Computed Tomography, cancer, Oral Cavity

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Could a low-cost audio-visual link be useful in rheumatology?

Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare ◽

10.1258/1357633001934078 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 35-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

L E Graham ◽

S Mcgimpsey ◽

S Wright ◽

G Mcclean ◽

J Carser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Junior Doctor ◽

Low Cost ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Provisional Diagnosis ◽

Face To Face ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Small Joint

We have investigated prospectively the diagnostic accuracy, specialist satisfaction and patient–specialist rapport of a low-cost audio-visual link between a junior doctor with a patient and a consultant rheumatologist. Using a telephone link and subsequently a video-phone link, 20 patients, with various rheumatological problems, were presented by a junior doctor to the consultant rheumatologist for provisional diagnosis. All patients were then seen face to face by the consultant, when a final diagnosis was made. An independent consultant rheumatologist made a ‘gold standard’ diagnosis. Thirty-five per cent of diagnoses were made correctly over the telephone and 40% over the video-phone – there was no significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy between these two methods of communication. Rapport over the video-phone was universally poor. Where it was important, clinical signs could not be visualized over the video-phone and in more than 85% of cases small joint swellings could not be seen clearly.

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Evaluation of version of acetabular component following total hip replacement on conventional radiograph and computed tomography

Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/2210491720942887 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 179-185

Author(s):

Manish Raj ◽

Ashish Jaiman ◽

Rajesh Kumar Chopra

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Total Hip Replacement ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Hip Replacement ◽

Regression Line ◽

Patient Positioning ◽

Acetabular Version ◽

Total Hip ◽

Significant Difference

Background/Purpose: Total hip replacement (THR) is considered as one of the most successful orthopedic procedures. However, improperly placed components can lead to instability and accelerated wear. Acetabular cup inclination can be very well accessed by anteroposterior pelvis X-rays; for acetabular version assessment, computed tomography (CT) scan is the gold standard. CT scan is not readily available at many centers and the surgeon has to rely on X-ray methods for evaluation of acetabular version to audit results and to predict behavior of the surgical intervention. This prospective study was undertaken to compare Woo and Morrey’s and ischiolateral methods of assessment of acetabular version on cross-table lateral radiographs with CT assessment and to assess the validity of radiographic methods with respect to CT scan method. Material and methods: A prospective follow-up study was conducted for 18 months’ duration (October 2016 to March 2018) on 30 adult patients who underwent THR surgery. Cross-table lateral radiograph was obtained at 3 and 6 weeks in the postoperative period. Two observers made each observation at two different points of time. CT scan was performed at 3 weeks. Version as measured by radiographs and CT scan was recorded. Results: The major overlap in the distribution of the values of the Woo and Morrey method suggests that there is no significant difference between the observations. Distribution of the values of the ischiolateral view and the CT scan value distributions have a very small overlap and hence suggest a strong significant difference between the two. Conclusion: In this study, Woo and Morrey’s method and ischiolateral method of assessment of acetabular version were compared with CT assessment. We found that in Woo and Morrey’s method, values were comparable to CT scan values, when put on regression line. However, in situation of change in patient positioning, namely hip stiffness in contralateral hip, measurement of component changed in series of radiography due to differences in pelvis tilt. So, in these circumstances, we can use ischiolateral method which can give consistent measurement. But it will not be in concordance with CT scan values and Woo and Morrey values, as represented in regression line. The high intra-class correlation coefficients for both intra- and inter-observer reliability indicated that the angle measured with these methods is consistent and reproducible for multiple observers. CT, however, be considered as gold standard for measurement owing to control over pelvic rotation and/or tilt/patient positioning.

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Educational Review of Predictive Value and Findings of Computed Tomography Scan in Diagnosing Bowel and Mesenteric Injuries after Blunt Trauma: Correlation with Trauma Surgery Findings in 163 Patients

Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal ◽

10.1016/j.carj.2016.07.003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 276-285 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Francesco Cinquantini ◽

Gregorio Tugnoli ◽

Alice Piccinini ◽

Carlo Coniglio ◽

Sergio Mannone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Abdominal Trauma ◽

Blunt Abdominal Trauma ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Clinical Management ◽

Trauma Surgery ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Increased Risk

Background and Aims Laparotomy can detect bowel and mesenteric injuries in 1.2%–5% of patients following blunt abdominal trauma. Delayed diagnosis in such cases is strongly related to increased risk of ongoing sepsis, with subsequent higher morbidity and mortality. Computed tomography (CT) scanning is the gold standard in the evaluation of blunt abdominal trauma, being accurate in the diagnosis of bowel and mesenteric injuries in case of hemodynamically stable trauma patients. Aims of the present study are to 1) review the correlation between CT signs and intraoperative findings in case of bowel and mesenteric injuries following blunt abdominal trauma, analysing the correlation between radiological features and intraoperative findings from our experience on 25 trauma patients with small bowel and mesenteric injuries (SBMI); 2) identify the diagnostic specificity of those signs found at CT with practical considerations on the following clinical management; and 3) distinguish the bowel and mesenteric injuries requiring immediate surgical intervention from those amenable to initial nonoperative management. Materials and Methods Between January 1, 2008, and May 31, 2010, 163 patients required laparotomy following blunt abdominal trauma. Among them, 25 patients presented bowel or mesenteric injuries. Data were analysed retrospectively, correlating operative surgical reports with the preoperative CT findings. Results We are presenting a pictorial review of significant and frequent findings of bowel and mesenteric lesions at CT scan, confirmed intraoperatively at laparotomy. Moreover, the predictive value of CT scan for SBMI is assessed. Conclusions Multidetector CT scan is the gold standard in the assessment of intra-abdominal blunt abdominal trauma for not only parenchymal organs injuries but also detecting SBMI; in the presence of specific signs it provides an accurate assessment of hollow viscus injuries, helping the trauma surgeons to choose the correct initial clinical management.

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Optimization of Approaches for Rehabilitation of Adentia Patients Using Modern Clinical Diagnostic Methods

Bulletin of Science and Practice ◽

10.33619/2414-2948/70/28 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 323-330

Author(s):

M. Smanaliev ◽

G. Yuldasheva ◽

I. Yuldashev

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Dental Clinics ◽

Dental Implantation ◽

Chewing Efficiency ◽

Biochemical Studies

After determining the need for complex types of restoration of chewing efficiency, which amounted to 22% of the total number of prosthetics performed in dental clinics in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, the optimal modern clinical and diagnostic methods that can be used according to the experience of the Biodent clinic, Bishkek were summarized. Cone-beam computed tomography recognized as the gold standard for radiological examination and modeling of dental implantation. The diagnostic accuracy was 99.2% versus 70.5% with orthopantomography. Treatment of the surface of dental titanium implants with nano-solutions of gold and silver, which have antiseptic and engraftment-improving properties in the clinic, leads to an improvement in the results of engraftment and functioning, confirmed by biochemical studies.

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Diagnostic Accuracy of CT Scans in Blunt Abdomical Trauma

10.53350/pjmhs2115103503 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 3503-3505

Author(s):

Azmat Ali ◽

Nadia Khattak ◽

Adnan Ahmed ◽

Jawad Ali Memon ◽

Maimoona Afsar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Abdominal Trauma ◽

Blunt Abdominal Trauma ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Retroperitoneal Hematoma ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Internal Bleeding ◽

Wide Range

Background and Aim: Blunt abdominal trauma may lead to a serious situation that necessitates prompt diagnosis and treatment. The intra-abdominal injury effective diagnosis is difficult in patient’s management in such cases. The present study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography scans in active internal bleeding following abdominal trauma. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 84 blunt abdominal trauma patients in the Department of Radiology Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar for duration of six months from January 2021 to June 2021. All the patients with no clinical manifestations underwent diagnostic CT scans. Those who had a positive CT scan underwent laparotomy. The remaining patients were monitored for 24 hours and were discharged in case of no serious issues. Demographic details, patient information, trauma mechanism, CT scan indications, and findings, and laparotomy results were recorded. Regarding injured organs, specificity, sensitivity, and diagnostic accuracy of CT scans were determined. For individual cases, CT scans specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy were calculated. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: This study included 84 patients, out of which 73 (86.9%) were male and 11(13.1%) were female. Patients aged 20-40 years were more prevalent 47 (56%), followed by those aged over 40 years were 20 (23.8%) and 10 to 19 years old were 17 (20.2%). Liver and spleen injuries had the highest CT scan sensitivity of 87.5% and 96.7% respectively. On the other hand, The CT scan's specificity was high in the injured kidneys (94%) and retroperitoneal hematoma 97.3% compared to other organ’s injuries. The diagnostic accuracy of CT scans in the identification of liver, kidney injuries, spleen, and retroperitoneal hematoma injuries was 93.7%, 92.3%, 96.2%, and 92.3% respectively. Conclusion: Our study found that CT scans are capable of detecting a wide range of injuries. CT scans are exceptionally valuable for assessing blunt abdominal injuries with active internal bleeding patients Furthermore, CT investigation is quick and extensively accessible. CT can produce high-resolution images with MPR and scanning protocol. Keywords: Diagnostic Accuracy; Abdominal Trauma Injuries, Computed Tomography (CT)

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