scholarly journals Recent trends in bacteriological and antibiogram profile of isolates from ear, nose and throat in a tertiary care hospital in coastal Karnataka

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Jyoti . ◽  
Ravishankara Bhat S. ◽  
Madhumitha Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Simple Step ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity ◽  
Nose And Throat

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objectives were to study the bacterial pathogens of ear, nose and throat (ENT), to determine the culture and sensitivity pattern of ENT infections in coastal Karnataka.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective culture and sensitivity profiling study of 109 samples from September 2018 to September 2019 was done in Department of ENT in KVG Medical College and Hospital.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among the pure growth, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> was isolated in majority of samples (27.77%) followed by <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (22.9%). <em>Klebsiella </em>sp<em>.,</em> <em>Acinetobacter </em>sp., <em>Citrobacter</em>, <em>Non enterococcus</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Proteus </em>sp. and <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> were responsible for remaining samples. Among <em>S. aureus</em> majority was MRSA accounting for 18.51%. <em>P. aeruginosa</em> was most sensitive to amikacin, ceftazidime, meropenem and piperacillin- tazobactam and least sensitive to cotrimoxazole and colistin and most resistant to sparfloxacin, cefaperazone-sulbactam, ceftriaxone-tazobactam and clindamycin. MRSA was most sensitive to gentamicin, amikacin and clindamycin and most resistant to cephalexin, ampicillin and ciprofloxacin. <em>Klebsiella </em>sp<em>.</em> was most sensitive to amikacin and cotrimoxazole and most resistant to sparfloxacin and ceftriaxone<em>. E. coli</em> was most sensitive to gentamicin and cotrimoxazole and most resistant to sparfloxacin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <em>P. aeruginosa, S. aureus</em> and <em>Klebsiella </em>sp<em>. </em>represent majority of culture samples. With ever changing culture &amp; sensitivity pattern and rising antibiotic resistance, a simple step of sending pus samples for the same will help in personalizing the treatment, thereby reducing the disease burden. </p>

scholarly journals Incidence and sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Anubhuti Khare ◽  
Saroj Kothari ◽  
Vaibhav Misra
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stewardship Program ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem worldwide and differs from region to region. This study was planned to determine the incidence and sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) in our region and discuss the general issues related to antimicrobial resistance.Methods: Prospective study was carried out between March to October 2015. Samples of urine, blood, pus, CSF and miscellaneous samples (fluids, swabs, sputum and stool) were collected from indoor and outdoor patients for isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of K. pneumoniae, E. coli and P. aeruginosa in the Department of Microbiology G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (MP).Results: Out of the 5000 samples analyzed 1684 showed growth. K. pneumoniae (38.50%), E. coli (33.29%) and P. aeruginosa (28.19%) constituited a total of 805 isolates. Both E.coli and K. pneumoniae showed highest sensitivity for doxycycline (75%; 67% resp.) and second highest for levofloxacin (70%; 64% resp.), whereas, P. aeruginosa showed highest 57% sensitivity for amikacin followed by 48% for levofloxacin. β-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides showed high mean resistance (K.pneumoniae-83%, E.coli-79%, P. aeruginosa-86.4%) and (K. pneumoniae-75%, E. coli-61%, P. aeruginosa-70%) resp.Conclusions: The data indicates high resistance among the gram-negative bacteria for β-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Increasing resistance to doxycycline and flouroquinolones for K. pneumoniae and E. coli and multidrug resistance to P. aeruginosa is a cause of concern in this region. Thus, there is a need to stop misuse of antibiotics with immediate effect and to implement a strong antimicrobial stewardship program.

scholarly journals Frequency and Sensitivity Pattern of Neisseria gonorrhoae Isolated from Women at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Fatema Nusrat ◽  
K.M. Shahidul Islam ◽  
S.M. Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Md. Abdullah Yusuf ◽  
Aleya Farzana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbohydrate Utilization ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Presumptive Identification

Background: Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Neisseria gonorrhoae is changing frequently. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Neisseria gonorrhoae isolated from women presented with cervicitis.Methodology: This cross sectional study.carried out in the Department  of Microbiology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2011 to December 2012 for a period of one and half year. All the women presented with or without the clinical features of  cervicitis at child bearing age (15 to 49 yrs) with or without pregnancy were enrolled as study population. Endocervical swabs were collected  for Gram staining, culture, biochemical test from clinically diagnosed  patients of cervicitis for presumptive identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The isolates with presumptive identification were confirmed by rapid carbohydrate utilization test (RCUT), which differentiates  N.gonorrhoeae from other Neisseria. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done according CLSI guideline. Result: A total 245 females were recruited of which N. gonorrhoeae were detected from 39(15.9%) cases. Among 39 positive cases of gonococcal cervicitis, 19 (48.71%) were detected in the age group of 21-30 years. 56.41% were sensitive and 30.76% were resistant to ceftriaxone. Similarly 51.28% were sensitive and 23.07% were resistant to cefuroxime; 23.07% sensitive, 30.76% moderately sensitive and 46.15% resistant to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Gonococcal cervicitis is found in a high frequency rate with a reduced sensitivity to antibiotics especially ciprofloxacin, second and third generation cephalosporins.Bangladesh J Infect Dis 2014;1(1):3-7

scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of pathogens in children with urinary tract infection in a tertiary care hospital in Kachchh, Gujarat, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2103
Author(s):  
Rekha Thaddanee ◽  
Gurudas Khilnani ◽  
Nupur Shah ◽  
Ajeet Kumar Khilnani
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Kachchh, over a period of 6 months, to know the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of pathogens in children less than 18 years old with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI).Methods: Between December 2016 to June 2017, 186 children met the inclusion criterion. Urine samples were collected and processed for urine routine microscopy, culture and antibiotic sensitivity as per the standard laboratory guidelines. Urine culture was positive in 50 cases, which were further evaluated to find out any renal disease. All patients were given 10-14 days antibiotics course and follow-up urine reports were done. Patients were considered cured when the follow-up urine reports were normal.Results: E. coli was the commonest organism (34%) isolated, found mainly in 1-5 years age group (20%). Enterococci were isolated in 32% cases, most of which were less than 5 years of age (28%). Klebsiella (12%), Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) (10%), Coagulase negative staphylococci (6%), Pseudomonas (2%) and Budding yeast cell (4%) were the less frequent organisms isolated. E. coli were found to be less sensitive to different Aminoglycosides (11.7% - 23.5%), Cephalosporins (11.7% - 52.9%), Fluoroquinolones (5.8% - 11.7%), Co-trimoxazole (17.6%) and Piperacillin (17.6%), but were more sensitive (70.6%) to Imipenems. Enterococci were also partially sensitive to Aminoglycosides (6.2-18.7%), Cephalosporins (25-37.5.7%), Fluoroquinolones (6.25-12.5%), Penicillin-G (50%), Piperacillin (31.25%) and Co-trimoxazole (43.75%), but had good sensitivity for Imipenems (68.7%), Linezolid (75%) and Vancomycin (81.2%). Similarly, MRSA was 100% sensitive to Linezolid and Imipenem but partially sensitive (20-60%) to other antibiotics. Klebsiella showed 16.65-33.3% sensitivity to all antibiotics except Imipenem (83.3%) and was 100% resistant to Co-trimoxazole. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CONS) remained 100% sensitive to all antibiotics and Pseudomonas was resistant to all antibiotics.Conclusions: The study concludes that pathogens for UTI in children have developed resistance, even to the newer generation antibiotics, probably due to the irrational use of antibiotics. In view of emergence of multi drug resistant pathogens, which carry considerable morbidity and mortality, every effort must be taken to use antibiotics judiciously.

scholarly journals Incidence and Susceptibility of Uropathogens Isolated among the Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bigu Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
Ganesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Kamal Prasad Parajuli ◽  
Kewal Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tract Infections

Background Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases which affect almost all ages groups of population. Production of â-lactamases is responsible for antibacterial resistance which is frequently observed in Enterobacteriaceae isolates, particularly by E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. This investigation has been carried out to determine the current status of prevalence and susceptibility of uropathogens isolated among the patients at tertiary care hospital in eastern Nepal.Material and Methods This study was done at the department of Microbiology, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal during May 1st 2015 to October 31st 2015. Midstream cleancatch urine was sampled from 1730 suspected urinary tract infection patients of different age and sex groups. Uropathogens were recognized in term of standard and specific microbiological techniques and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined by Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.Results Out of 1730 suspected specimens Culture resulted a total of 761 (43.98 %) positive and 969 (56.02%) negative among that significant growths of uropathogens including 700 (91.98 %) unimicrobial and 60 (7.88 %) polymicrobial growths. In term of Gender distribution 443 (25.60 %) were male and 1287 (74.40 %) were female hence the ratio is 0.34:1, respectively. E. coli was the leading isolate (66 %), followed by Klebsiella spp. (12 %), Enterococcus spp. (8 %), Pseudomonas spp. (6 %), Acinetobacter anitratus (5 %), Proteus spp. (3 %).Conclusion The high frequency of multidrug resistance in bacterial uropathogens was seen. Principally, resistance patterns were seen higher for amoxycillin, co-trimoxazole, flouroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins, Existing uropathogens highlights the highest rate of vulnerability to nitrofurantoin, amikacin and gentamicin which provide much better antibiotic coverage and can be adapted for practical treatment of urinary tract infections.  Journal of Nobel Medical College Vol.5(2) 2016; 51-55

scholarly journals Microbiological Profile and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Bacteria in Diabetic Foot Ulcers in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gajender Singh Ranga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Introduction: Diabetic foot is any foot pathology due to diabetes or sequelae of diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted to identify the common microorganisms isolated from diabetic foot and to analyse the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from diabetic foot. Materials and Method: The study was a hospital based cross-sectional study where 146 foot ulcer samples (who had type 2 diabetes) were analysed. Swabs were collected from the edge and margins of ulcers, and organisms were identified by gram staining culture and biochemical reactions. Result:Out of 146 patients, 69 specimens showed growth of organisms. Total 84 aerobic organisms were isolated and out of them, 64 cases showed bacterial growth, in which 84 bacteria were isolated, which represented an average of 1.28 organisms per case. Among these organisms, 62 gram-negative and 22 gram-positive organisms were isolated. E. coli was the most common gram-negative isolate (23.81%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.4%), and Klebsiella pneumonia(8.33%), while among gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus was the most common isolate (22.6%). Conclusion: Incidence of growth was 47.2% in which E. coli (23.8%) was the most common isolate. Gram-negative bacteria were more common than gram-positive bacteria. Diabetic foot infections are polymicrobial in nature.

Bacterial Uropathogens and their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Birgunj, Nepal

Med Phoenix ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Dipak Bhargava ◽  
Bijay Raj Pandit ◽  
Amarullah Shidiki ◽  
Ravi Shankar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
The Common

Urinary tract infection is the second most common infection following respiratory tract infection. Among the outdoor and the indoor patients it is one of the common clinical state of affairs. For the effective management of this common clinical condition isolation of the common bacterial uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity profile is obligatory. In this present brief work an effort has been made to isolate the common bacterial uropathogen and their susceptibility pattern to the regularly used antimicrobial agents. We carried out this work in the Microbiology department of National Medical College from June 2016 to December 2016. In our study beside clean catched mid stream urine sample, catheterized urine sample and suprapubic aspirates are also collected. In our study we included a total of 516 UTI samples of patients. In our work 319 (62%) culture positive urine samples were from outpatient patient department while 197 (38%) were from inpatient department. Among both the outdoor and the indoor patient E. coli was the predominant organism followed by Klebsiella, Staphylococci, Enterococci and Pseudomonas. In our present work we found that the common bacterial isolates from the indoor patient showed higher degree resistance towards Aminopenicillin, Piperacillin, Nitrofurantoin, Ciprofloxacin and Nalidixic acid. Common bacterial uropathogens were found to be sensitive against Norfloxacin, Nitrofurantoin and Cephalosporins like Cefuroxime and Ceftazidime. It has also been found that beside E. coli other bacterial uropathogens were effective against third generation Cepahalosporins and Amikacin. This study clearly denotes that antibiotic sensitivity test should be carried out for determination of optimal treatment regimen against UTI.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 74-77

Emergence of Third generation Cephalosporin Resistant Escherichia coli in infants: Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhosh J. Thattil ◽  
Thekkuttuparambil A. Ajith
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Aim: This study was aimed to evaluate the emergence of third generation cephalosporin resistant Escherichiacoli isolated from the culture of various biological fluids of infants in a tertiary care hospital. Background: :Resistance to commonly used antibiotics is consistently increasing during the last decades and it was found varying with time and geographical location. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of third generation cephalosporin sensitivity pattern of E. coli isolated from urine, stool, and throat swab culture from laboratory records. Methods: Retrospective study included the laboratory report of antibiotic sensitivity conducted on infants specimens during the period of 2 years. Third generation cephalosporin sensitivity pattern of E. coli isolated from urine, stool, and throat swab culture were collected and data were statistically analyzed. Results: Reports of 351 samples with positive E. coli were included in the study. More samples were analyzed from infants above 6 months of age with female dominance (184/351). Among the specimens tested, urine samples were highest 128/351 (35.0%). Cephalosporin resistant strain was found in 243/351 samples (69.2%) (p=0.0463) with 218/243 (89.7%) isolated from infants above 6 months of age and 25/243 (10.2%) were from infants below 6 months of age (p=0.038). The frequency of cephalosporin resistant E.coli in urine specimens of male and female infants was significant (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Third generation cephalosporin resistant E. coli strain was found in 69.2% of isolates and more in urine samples from female infants above 6 months of age. The clinicians should consider the emergence of cephalosporin resistantE. coli while selecting antibiotics as the empirical treatment.

scholarly journals Microbiology and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of peritonsillar abscess

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1036
Author(s):  
Anwar Sadath Choolakkaparambu Aboobakker ◽  
Sandeep Sreedhar ◽  
Amith Jacob ◽  
Abdulla Anchukandan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Peritonsillar Abscess ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Empirical Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Peritonsillar abscess is a life threatening infection which requires immediate attention and care. If not treated immediately it may lead to several complications. But the culture and sensitivity results can be obtained after a minimum of 72 hours and hence empirical antibiotic therapy is needed. The objective of the study was to study the microbiological profile of peritonsillar abscess and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of peritonsillar abscess.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross sectional study was carried out on 47 quinsy patients who attended the ENT OPD of a tertiary care hospital. Abscess was drained and the pus was sent for culture and sensitivity.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 65.95% of the study population were males. prevalence of peritonsillar abscess was high in the age group of 21-30 (42.55%). Only one patient had bilateral abscess. Group-A beta hemolytic streptococcus was the common organism isolated followed by <em>Staphyloccus aureus</em>. Fluroquinolones and cefotaxime had a better sensitivity to nearly all the organisms.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <em>Staphylococcu</em>s and <em>Streptococcus</em> were the highly prevalent organisms. Immediate empirical antibiotic therapy must be advocated after draining the collection.</p>

scholarly journals Pattern of diseases in admitted patients in medicine unit 2 - in a rural tertiary medical institute period: January 1, 2010 - December 31, 2010

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Mokhlesuzzaman ◽  
MZ Ali ◽  
MAK Shaikh ◽  
SH Ripon ◽  
MM Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
Seeking Behavior

Existing disease pattern and health seeking behavior in a community should be known to provide need based quality service. The aim of this study was to find out the disease pattern, common diseases, age distribution, sex ratio, seasonal influence, comorbidity etc in admitted patients in Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College & Hospital (KYAMCH), a rural tertiary care Hospital in Bangladesh. In this retrospective and descriptive study total 550 patients were evaluated in 1 year period who were admitted either from OPD or through Emergency. Most of the diagnoses were made after evaluation according to the organ system involved eg. Gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary & pancreatic (15%); Respiratory (24%); Infective (6.5%); Renal (11%); Neurological (24%); Haematological (2.75%); Endocrine (6.75%); Rheumatological (4%); Psychiatric & Poisoning (6%). Hope we will get a understanding of disease pattern among the admitted patients in a good organized way through this study. Furthermore, it will be possible to calculate the mortality, treatment success, hospital staying, total cost of treatment thus to estimate the disease burden and cost effectiveness as well.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v2i2.13261KYAMC Journal Vol.2(2) January 2012, 172-181

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