DEVELOPMENT OF ISOLATION SCHEME AND BACTERIOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE BACTERIA AND ITS APPROBATION

The article presents results of studies on development of isolation scheme and bacteriological identification of Pseudomonas syringae bacteria and its approbation. The introduction of the article describes the objects of Pseudomonas syringae contamination - fruit trees and shrubs, agricultural plants, which proves the relevance of the research in the field of expanding of laboratory methods for identifying phytopathogenic microorganisms. The author’s bacteriological scheme includes the use of King B Medium (Pseudomonas F Agar; Pronadisa 1532) as a selective medium. Initially, the isolated bacteria are differentiated to Pseudomonas genus, the following paramters are studied: anaerobic fermentation, production of enzymes catalase, lecithinase, lipase; hydrolysis of starch and gelatin; fermentation of glucose and lactose, also, a test for maceration is put. The second stage of the research includes the study of the growth of bacterial cultures on meat-and-peptone agar at 41 ° C and at 5% of NaCl; oxidase production, arginine hydrolase; fermentation of mannose and sorbitol; formation of levan, hydrogen sulfide and indole, esculin, a hypersensitivity reaction is set. The determined parametres allow to type the representatives of the genus to Pseudomonas syringae species within 192 hours. During the research, a collection of 12 strains of Pseudomonas syringae bacteria was formed, isolated from 97 objects of phytosanitary supervision and identified according to the developed technique. The proposed bacteriological scheme allows to differentiate the above microorganisms on the basis of the analysis of 25 parameters. The application of a phage biological product as a diagnosticum (according to the Otto method) expands the spectrum of the analyzed biological properties of the isolated and identified Pseudomonas syringae bacteria.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan Oligosaccharides with Special Attention to Antiparasitic Potential

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19020110 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 110

Author(s):

Nayara Sousa da Silva ◽

Nathália Kelly Araújo ◽

Alessandra Daniele-Silva ◽

Johny Wysllas de Freitas Oliveira ◽

Júlia Maria de Medeiros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Enzymatic Production ◽

Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽

Chitosan Oligosaccharides ◽

Lower Viscosity ◽

Biomedical Industry ◽

Parasite Aggregation ◽

Hydrolysis Of

The global rise of infectious disease outbreaks and the progression of microbial resistance reinforce the importance of researching new biomolecules. Obtained from the hydrolysis of chitosan, chitooligosaccharides (COSs) have demonstrated several biological properties, including antimicrobial, and greater advantage over chitosan due to their higher solubility and lower viscosity. Despite the evidence of the biotechnological potential of COSs, their effects on trypanosomatids are still scarce. The objectives of this study were the enzymatic production, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic effects of COSs. NMR and mass spectrometry analyses indicated the presence of a mixture with 81% deacetylated COS and acetylated hexamers. COSs demonstrated no evidence of cytotoxicity upon 2 mg/mL. In addition, COSs showed interesting activity against bacteria and yeasts and a time-dependent parasitic inhibition. Scanning electron microscopy images indicated a parasite aggregation ability of COSs. Thus, the broad biological effect of COSs makes them a promising molecule for the biomedical industry.

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Evaluation of Pathogenicity and of Cultural and Biochemical Tests for Identification of Pseudomonas syringae Pathovars syringae, morsprunorum and persicae from Fruit Trees

Journal of Phytopathology ◽

10.1111/j.1439-0434.1994.tb01446.x ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 141 (1) ◽

pp. 59-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A. Burkowicz ◽

K. Rudolph

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae Pathovars

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ISOLATION AND ANALYSIS OF STEROIDAL SAPONINS FROM POLYGONATUM ODORATUM (MILL.) DRUCE

Contribuţii Botanice ◽

10.24193/contrib.bot.55.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 ◽

pp. 135-140

Author(s):

Cristina MOGOSAN ◽

Ilioara ONIGA ◽

Mircea TAMAS

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Acid Hydrolysis ◽

Thin Layer Chromatography ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Steroidal Saponins ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Hydrolysis Of

We isolated the steroidal saponins from the rhizomes of Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce with an efficiency of 4.50% which represents 7 fractions identified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), of which 3 were furostanics and 4 spirostanics. After the acid hydrolysis of the saponins, one aglycone (sapogenine) was identified by TLC. Further, we have determined the physico-chemical and the biological properties of the isolated saponins.

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Use of waste material in cultivation substrates

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun200452020043 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 43-52

Author(s):

Petr Salaš

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Woody Species ◽

Practical Experience ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Waste Material ◽

Research Activities ◽

Cultivation Technology ◽

Mutual Relations ◽

Trees And Shrubs ◽

Special Soil

Gardeners' practical experience and experimental work prove the affirmation that the used substrate is a very important base for the production of quality nursery products. It is important to emphasis the complexity and synergy of all factors influencing the ecosystem and there mutual relations. Physical, chemical and biological properties do not separately affect the growth and development of plants. In addition, the relations are not statical but differ in relation with other factors changes. This article is dealing with the possibility to use waste material from timber processing in cultivation substrates. The large scale use of such substrates would enable people to reach a relative independence from peat substrates, of which the global reserve is gradually decreasing.Our research activities focus on the use of bark. The basic problems of a bark substrate are easy dehydration and unbalanced nutrition of trees and shrubs. The suggested and experimented cultivation technology solves these problems. It is based on the cultivation of woody species in bark substrates, using modern irrigation systems, slow release fertilisers (Silvamix Forte) and special soil conditioners (TerraCottem). This technology was tested on the following species of trees and shrubs:MalusandBuxus.

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Development of a selective medium and antisera for Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae from seeds of barley and wheat

Journal of General Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s10327-019-00838-w ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 211-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mitsutaka Mori ◽

Kazuhiro Sogou ◽

Yasuhiro Inoue

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Selective Medium

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The possible mechanisms of copper resistance in the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pathovars in stone fruit trees

Phytoparasitica ◽

10.1007/s12600-020-00828-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 705-718

Author(s):

Ahmad Husseini ◽

Ahmet Akköprü

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Copper Resistance ◽

Stone Fruit ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae Pathovars

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Efficiency of Phage φ6 for Biocontrol of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae: An in Vitro Preliminary Study

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms7090286 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 286 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Larindja A. M. Pinheiro ◽

Carla Pereira ◽

Carolina Frazão ◽

Victor M. Balcão ◽

Adelaide Almeida

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Host Range ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Phage Therapy ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Range Analysis ◽

Maximum Reduction

Pseudomonas syringae is a plant-associated bacterial species that has been divided into more than 60 pathovars, with the Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae being the main causative agent of diseases in a wide variety of fruit trees. The most common treatments for biocontrol of P. syringae pv. syringae infections has involved copper derivatives and/or antibiotics. However, these treatments should be avoided due to their high toxicity to the environment and promotion of bacterial resistance. Therefore, it is essential to search for new approaches for controlling P. syringae pv. syringae. Phage therapy can be a useful alternative tool to the conventional treatments to control P. syringae pv. syringae infections in plants. In the present study, the efficacy of bacteriophage (or phage) φ6 (a commercially available phage) was evaluated in the control of P. syringae pv. syringae. As the plants are exposed to the natural variability of physical and chemical parameters, the influence of pH, temperature, solar radiation and UV-B irradiation on phage φ6 viability was also evaluated in order to develop an effective phage therapy protocol. The host range analysis revealed that the phage, besides its host (P. syringae pv. syringae), also infects the Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae CRA-FRU 12.54 and P. syringae pv. actinidiae CRA-FRU 14.10 strains, not infecting strains from the other tested species. Both multiplicities of infection (MOIs) tested, 1 and 100, were effective to inactivate the bacterium, but the MOI 1 (maximum reduction of 3.9 log CFU/mL) was more effective than MOI 100 (maximum reduction of 2.6 log CFU/mL). The viability of phage φ6 was mostly affected by exposure to UV-B irradiation (decrease of 7.3 log PFU/mL after 8 h), exposure to solar radiation (maximum reduction of 2.1 PFU/mL after 6 h), and high temperatures (decrease of 8.5 PFU/mL after 6 days at 37 °C, but a decrease of only 2.0 log PFU/mL after 67 days at 15 °C and 25 °C). The host range, high bacterial control and low rates of development of phage-resistant bacterial clones (1.20 × 10−3) suggest that this phage can be used to control P. syringae pv. syringae infections in plants, but also to control infections by P. syringae pv. actinidiae, the causal agent of bacterial canker of kiwifruit. Although the stability of phage φ6 was affected by UV-B and solar radiation, this can be overcome by the application of phage suspensions at the end of the day or at night.

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Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Their Association with Signalling Pathways in Inflammation, Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21176356 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (17) ◽

pp. 6356 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jin He ◽

Peiwen Zhang ◽

Linyuan Shen ◽

Lili Niu ◽

Ya Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Histone Deacetylases ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Short Chain ◽

Signalling Pathways ◽

Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly acetate, propionate and butyrate, are mainly produced by anaerobic fermentation of gut microbes. SCFAs play an important role in regulating energy metabolism and energy supply, as well as maintaining the homeostasis of the intestinal environment. In recent years, many studies have shown that SCFAs demonstrate physiologically beneficial effects, and the signalling pathways related to SCFA production, absorption, metabolism, and intestinal effects have been discovered. Two major signalling pathways concerning SCFAs, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPRCs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), are well recognized. In this review, we summarize the recent advances concerning the biological properties of SCFAs and the signalling pathways in inflammation and glucose and lipid metabolism.

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