Particulate matter exposure and community-acquired pneumonia mortality among hospitalized adults with pneumococcal pneumonia: incidence study (HAPPI) participants.

Particulate matter exposure is a risk factor for lower respiratory tract infection in children. Here, we investigated the geospatial patterns of community-acquired pneumonia and the impact of PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm) on geospatial variability of pneumonia in children. We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected population-based surveillance study data of community-acquired pneumonia hospitalizations among children <18 years residing in the Memphis metropolitan area, who were enrolled in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sponsored Etiology of Pneumonia in the Community (EPIC) study from January 2010 to June 2012. The outcome measure, residence in high- and low-risk areas for community-acquired pneumonia, was determined by calculating pneumonia incidence rates and performing cluster analysis to identify areas with higher/lower than expected rates of community-acquired pneumonia for the population at risk. High PM2.5 was defined as exposure to PM2.5 concentrations greater than the mean value (>10.75 μg/m3), and low PM2.5 is defined as exposure to PM2.5 concentrations less than or equal to the mean value (≤10.75 μg/m3). We also assessed the effects of age, sex, race/ethnicity, history of wheezing, insurance type, tobacco smoke exposure, bacterial etiology, and viral etiology of infection. Of 810 (96.1%) subjects with radiographic community-acquired pneumonia, who resided in the Memphis metropolitan area and had addresses which were successfully geocoded (Supplementary Figure F2), 220 (27.2%) patients were identified to be from high- ( n = 126) or low-risk ( n = 94) community-acquired pneumonia areas. Community-acquired pneumonia in Memphis metropolitan area had a non-homogenous geospatial pattern. PM2.5 was associated with residence in high-risk areas for community-acquired pneumonia. In addition, children with private insurance and bacterial, as opposed to viral, etiology of infection had a decreased risk of residence in a high-risk area for community-acquired pneumonia. The results from this paper suggest that environmental exposures as well as social risk factors are associated with childhood pneumonia.

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The short-term effects of particulate matter exposure on asthma-related hospital visits in Korea: based on the national health insurance data

10.26226/morressier.5acc8acfd462b8028d89a637 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Dae Jin Song

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Health Insurance ◽

National Health Insurance ◽

National Health ◽

Short Term ◽

Health Insurance Data ◽

Hospital Visits ◽

Insurance Data ◽

Particulate Matter Exposure ◽

Short Term Effects

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Exercise Performed Concomitantly with Particulate Matter Exposure Inhibits Lung Injury

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0043-121147 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (02) ◽

pp. 133-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adriano Silva-Renno ◽

Guilherme Baldivia ◽

Manoel Oliveira-Junior ◽

Maysa Brandao-Rangel ◽

Elias El-Mafarjeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Systemic Inflammation ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Lung Parenchyma ◽

Treadmill Training ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

Systemic Response ◽

Pm 2.5 ◽

Pm 10 ◽

Particulate Matter Exposure

AbstractAir pollution is a growing problem worldwide, inducing and exacerbating several diseases. Among the several components of air pollutants, particulate matter (PM), especially thick (10–2.5 µm; PM 10) and thin (≤2.5 µm; PM 2.5), are breathable particles that easily can be deposited within the lungs, resulting in pulmonary and systemic inflammation. Although physical activity is strongly recommended, its effects when practiced in polluted environments are questionable. Therefore, the present study evaluated the pulmonary and systemic response of concomitant treadmill training with PM 2.5 and PM 10 exposure. Treadmill training inhibited PM 2.5- and PM 10-induced accumulation of total leukocytes (p<0.001), neutrophils (p<0.001), macrophages (p<0.001) and lymphocytes (p<0.001) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), as well as the BAL levels of IL-1beta (p<0.001), CXCL1/KC (p<0.001) and TNF-alpha (p<0.001), whereas it increased IL-10 levels (p<0.05). Similar effects were observed on accumulation of polymorphonuclear (p<0.01) and mononuclear (p<0.01) cells in the lung parenchyma and in the peribronchial space. Treadmill training also inhibited PM 2.5- and PM 10-induced systemic inflammation, as observed in the number of total leukocytes (p<0.001) and in the plasma levels of IL-1beta (p<0.001), CXCL1/KC (p<0.001) and TNF-alpha (p<0.001), whereas it increased IL-10 levels (p<0.001). Treadmill training inhibits lung and systemic inflammation induced by particulate matter.

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Prenatal particulate matter exposure and Intrauterine Fetal Death

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health ◽

10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113720 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 234 ◽

pp. 113720

Author(s):

Tamar Wainstock ◽

Israel Yoles ◽

Ruslan Sergienko ◽

Itai Kloog ◽

Eyal Sheiner

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Fetal Death ◽

Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽

Particulate Matter Exposure

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Dynamic recovery after acute single fine particulate matter exposure in male mice: Effect on lipid deregulation and cardiovascular alterations

Journal of Hazardous Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125504 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 414 ◽

pp. 125504

Author(s):

Xi Zhang ◽

Jie Zhang ◽

Yan Wu ◽

Bingru Nan ◽

Qingyu Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Dynamic Recovery ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Male Mice ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Particulate Matter Exposure

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Clinical Features and Outcomes of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Caused by Haemophilus Influenza

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa622 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Saeed Shoar ◽

Fernando H Centeno ◽

Daniel M Musher

Keyword(s):

Clinical Features ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽

Severe Infection ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽

Equal Frequency ◽

Haemophilus Influenza ◽

Radiologic Findings ◽

Viral Coinfection

Abstract Background Long regarded as the second most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), Haemophilus influenzae has recently been identified with almost equal frequency as pneumococcus in patients hospitalized for CAP. The literature lacks a detailed description of the presentation, clinical features, laboratory and radiologic findings, and outcomes in Haemophilus pneumonia. Methods During 2 prospective studies of patients hospitalized for CAP, we identified 33 patients with Haemophilus pneumonia. In order to provide context, we compared clinical findings in these patients with findings in 36 patients with pneumococcal pneumonia identified during the same period. We included and analyzed separately data from patients with viral coinfection. Patients with coinfection by other bacteria were excluded. Results Haemophilus pneumonia occurred in older adults who had underlying chronic lung disease, cardiac conditions, and alcohol use disorder, the same population at risk for pneumococcal pneumonia. However, in contrast to pneumococcal pneumonia, patients with Haemophilus pneumonia had less severe infection as shown by absence of septic shock on admission, less confusion, fewer cases of leukopenia or extreme leukocytosis, and no deaths at 30 days. Viral coinfection greatly increased the severity of Haemophilus, but not pneumococcal pneumonia. Conclusions We present the first thorough description of Haemophilus pneumonia, show that it is less severe than pneumococcal pneumonia, and document that viral coinfection greatly increases its severity. These distinctions are lost when the label CAP is liberally applied to all patients who come to the hospital from the community for pneumonia.

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