scholarly journals SOCIAL AND CULTURAL FACTORS INFLUENCING IMMUNIZATION OF CHILDREN IN RURAL ABIA STATE, NIGERIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Ezebunwa E. Nwokocha ◽  
Chioma Obioma
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Selection Of

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 24pt 36pt;"><span style="color: #131413; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: medium;">The role of adequate and timely immunization in the reduction of infant and childhood mortality cannot be overstated, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This study, anchored in the Health Belief Model and Rational Choice Theory, investigated the socio­cultural factors influencing childhood immunization in the rural state of Abia, Nigeria, an area with a high infant mortality rate. A multistage sampling technique involving the random selection of 3 communities in Bende Local Government Area and the purposive selection of 433 respondents with children under the age of 5 was adopted. In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 respondents — 3 health personnel, 3 traditional birth attendants, 4 community leaders (2 men and 2 women), 2 church representatives, and the head of the health department in the local government headquarters. Findings reveal that the majority of respondents had heard about childhood immunization and largely understood its essence. Religious beliefs and the mother’s economic activities (especially when market day coincides with immunization day) were identified as major influences on immunization. More attention should be directed to providing adequate education for rural dwellers on the importance of immunization for childhood mortality reduction.</span></p>

The burden of foster children in Nigeria : deconstructing their existential realities and the will to survive

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-247
Author(s):  
Ezebunwa E. Nwokocha ◽  
Turnwait O. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Young Family ◽  
Child Fosterage ◽  
Sub Saharan

Child fosterage is one of the major manifestations of lack of capacity to cater for young family members in several societies of sub-Saharan Africa, which is reputed for prolific and sustained childbearing in the context of poverty. In Nigeria, the practice remains rife, with attendant negative consequences for foster children and communities in some cases. This paper, therefore, examined the challenges and coping strategies adopted by foster children in Bayelsa State, which was identified as one of the areas with high rates of child fosterage in Nigeria. Ethnomethodology and the rational choice theory were adopted as the theoretical framework. A total of 408 copies of a questionnaire were administered on respondents through a multistage sampling technique. Six in-depth interviews and two focus group discussions were conducted with foster children. The challenges reported by these children included physical abuse and maltreatment, lack of love and care, and lack of freedom of speech and boldness. Among the coping strategies identified by the foster children were endurance and silence, obedience and humility, and the uptake of paid jobs. There is, therefore, an urgent need for sustained fertility decline in order to discourage unnecessary child fosterage in Bayelsa and other states in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitude of Men towards Factors influencing Childhood Mortality in a Semi-Urban Community in Northwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ibrahim M.J. ◽  
Sani Z.M. ◽  
Olorukooba A.A. ◽  
Usman N.O. ◽  
Ahmad A.I. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Reduce Childhood Mortality

Background: In spite of concerted global efforts to reduce childhood mortality, countries in Sub-Saharan Africa are still being plagued with incomparably high mortality rates; thereby contributing majorly to the global burden. These deaths occur from causes which are preventable. Men play a pivotal role in sustained efforts to reduce childhood mortality, however, they are usually overlooked in favour of the mothers. The study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of men towards factors influencing childhood mortality in a semi-urban community, North-Western Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. A total of 174 married men were sampled using a multistage sampling technique. Data collected were analysed using the IBM SPSS version 21. Results were presented in tables and bar charts. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results: The mean age (±SD) of the respondents was 38 (±11.2) years. One hundred and ten (64.7%) of the respondents had lost a child under the age of five years. Majority 142 (83.5%) of the respondents had poor knowledge of risk factors influencing childhood mortality and 141 (82.9%) of the respondents had a positive attitude towards prevention of childhood mortality.Conclusion: The study has highlighted the need for increased male involvement in child health issues. Interventions such as health education and community mobilization that aims to educate men on risk factors and danger signs associated with poor childhood health outcomes should be carried out in this area.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of Cassava Flour and Garri Production in Ibarapa Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1551-1554
Author(s):  
A.A. Adesope ◽  
O. Olumide-Ojo ◽  
I.O. Oyewo ◽  
B.H. Ugege ◽  
A.A. Oyelade
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Cassava Flour ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Selection Of

Cassava, an edible root crop and a reliable and relatively inexpensive source of carbohydrate, is widely grown and processed into different foods such as cassava flour and garri. The study analyzed the costs and returns in cassava flour and garri production and also determined the factors influencing its production in the study area. A two- stage sampling technique was used to generate primary data used for this study. The first stage involved the purposive selection of Ibarapa North Local Government Area (LGA), because it has more cassava producers and processors than other LGAs. The second stage involved the random selection of 15 villages out of the 23 in the LGA. From the selected villages, 170 respondents were randomly selected while only 150 copies of the structured questionnaire administered were retrieved. Results from the primary data shows that 28.3% of garri producersproducers had no formal education and 46.7% were between the ages of 30 and 39years. The regression analysis shows that the quantity of garri sold (ß =5.4099), transportation cost (ß =-0.2994), peeling cost (ß = -0.4249), and grating cost (ß = 0.6878) were all  significant to the total revenue of cassava flour sold. Price, inadequate capital, transportation, land tenure and markets were factors influencing garri and cassava flour production. Analysis of the costs and returns revealed that processing cassava into garri gave a higher gross margin even though processing of cassava was profitable, indicating that there is a significant difference between flour and garri production. Inputs, market, good and infrastructural facilities should be provided so as to increase production capacity and hence food security. Keywords: Cassava, Cassava flour, Garri, Gross margin, Nigeria

COST AND ACCESSIBILITY RELATED FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SELECTION OF AREAS OF RESIDENCE IN KENYA: A SURVEY OF NAIROBI RESIDENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Grace W. Njoroge Kahura ◽  
Prof. Joe K. Kamaria
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose: The purpose the study was to investigate the cost and accessibility related factors influencing the selection of areas of residence in Kenya in the case of Nairobi residents.Methodology: The researcher used descriptive research design. The scope of the study was limited to Nairobi County. The study identified a population of 985,016 households in Nairobi County out of which a sample of 150 respondents were used. Random sampling technique was used to select the respondents from each category. The study used primary data that was collected using questionnaires. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The data was then analysed in terms of descriptive statistics like frequencies and percentages.Results: The results indicated that majority of the respondents found economic and accessibility factors as being important while choosing their places of residence.  The results indicated that the most important economic factor is income, followed by transfer costs, cost of living, price, and transport costs. Ease of qualifying for a mortgage, availability of mortgage, ease of qualifying for a mortgage, maintenance costs were least ranked.  The study also found that the most important accessibility factor was road network, followed by water, nearness to workplace, parking space, health centers, internal space, and electricity, and transport costs. The least ranked factors were drainage, parks and open spaces, availability of garden, and floor plans.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that cost related factors such as cost of living among others should be given a priority when making a decision on where to reside since such economic related factors touch on one’s disposable amount. It is also recommended that it would be significant for landlords to put into consideration such economic factors before concluding on either the rent prize or the prize of a piece of land since their potential tenants’ or buyers’ decision is most likely to be influenced by such factors. It is also recommended that landlords should put into consideration accessibility factors before building rental houses. Such factors as road network are very important and will obviously influence the tenants’ decision on residing in a certain area. 

scholarly journals DUKUNGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH, OPTIMALISASI ASSET DAN PROFESIONALISME UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (PAD)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komang Adi Kurniawan Saputra ◽  
A.A Ketut Jayawarsa ◽  
Putu Budi Anggiriawan
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Village

The aim of this research is to examine the factors influencing the original income level of the villages by taking the research location in the villages managing the village fund in Buleleng-Bali Regency. Total number of 129 villages. The number of samples used in this study is equal to the number of population, The sampling technique in this study was total sampling. Meanwhile, to test the hypothesis using multiple linear regression with OLS model (Ordinary Least Square). The results obtained in this study indicate that Local Government Support, Optimalization of Village Asset Utilization and Professionalism of Village Asset Management have a significant effect on original income of the village. The contribution of this theoretical research is to contribute theoretical enrichment that underlies the increase of village original income and its practical contribution, this research can be one of reference for village apparatus, village counselor, and local government in making policy related to asset management or village property

scholarly journals Beyond Rational Choice Theory: Multifaceted Determinants of Participation in Palm Oil Sustainable Certification Amongst Smallholders in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Redza Ahmad Rizal ◽  
Shahrina Md Nordin ◽  
Siti Haslina Hussin ◽  
Siti Rahayu Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Production Practice ◽  
Sustainability Practices ◽  
Data Collections

The demand for palm oil is steadily increasing where global consumption in 2020 has reached 77 million metric tons or equivalent to 7 kg of palm per capita usage. However, the industry is under critics for unsustainable production practice and environmental degradation due to unscrupulous deforestation. One of the measures taken to ensure sustainability practices in the industry in Malaysia includes certifications such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) and the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO). These certifications are offered to industry players/plantation giants in which all stakeholders/members need to fulfill stringent requirements in order to obtain the certification. Efforts are now being taken to ensure that every stakeholder in the palm oil industry obtain sustainable certification, and this includes effort to enable smallholders to also follow the guidelines and fulfill the certification requirements. However, as of 2021, only 30% smallholders were certified despite the rigorous efforts made. Several factors may have hindered the participation of these smallholders. Hence, it is crucial that the agencies involved in managing this industry identify the factors influencing the certification of smallholders. The identification of these determinants will help policymakers to strengthen policy in disseminating sustainability practices in the palm oil industry. The objective of the current study is to identify factors influencing smallholders' participation in palm oil certification in Malaysia. This study looks beyond rational choice theory and develops a model based on elements of social structure and interaction. Quantitative approaches through questionnaire survey were used in this study. Purposive sampling was used, and data collections involved 200 oil palm smallholders in Malaysia. Four elements, namely, “Perceived Economic Benefit,” “Social Interaction,” “Shared Identity,” and “Communication Discourse,” were found to have significant influences on smallholders' participation in palm oil sustainable certification. Implication and future recommendation were included in the concluding remark.

scholarly journals Socio-Technological Factors Influencing the Use of GSM in Communication and Sustainable Development in Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Ojinga Gideon Omiunu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
North East ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Multi Stage

The study investigates the influence of social and technological problems/factors and the use of GSM in communication towards ensuring sustainable development in Nigeria. The multi-stage sampling technique is used for this study. The local governments are divided into two major strata, and from each stratum, one local government is selected randomly. From the Ibadan-lesscity, Akinyele local government is selected, and from Ibadan urban, it is Ibadan North East. Also, since the population of GSM users are unknown, a convenientsampling technique is deployed to select 200 respondents. The result reveals that although GSM users are satisfied with the reliability of the communication by mobile phones, some problems exist. Those problems are network issues, inability to perceive what the person at the other end is doing, and mistrust and distrust among speakers. Those problems have affected the satisfaction and use of GSM. In addition, some personal, social, and technological factors influence the efficient and nonefficient use of GSM (p < 0:05). As a result, users deploy various strategies to ameliorate these problems. Finally, GSM use among mobile users has a significant effect on users development (p < 0:05), which can bepersonal or communal. It is recommended that telecommunication should upgrade the system to encourage good interpersonal communication among GSM users and also consider some personal and social factors to enhance theefficiency use of GSM that will have sustainable impact on lives.

Factors Influencing the Outcome of Money Laundering Investigations

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa Zolkaflil ◽  
Normah Omar ◽  
Sharifah Nazatul Faiza Syed Mustapha Nazri
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Money laundering is a global issue that must be effectively mitigated across the nation. Despite various initiatives, investigation outcome either in the form of prosecution, conviction, or confiscation remains low. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors influencing money laundering investigating outcome, based on rational choice theory. The study conducted focus group interviews with 15 investigating officers to have an in-depth understanding of factors and challenges faced by investigating officers in conducting money laundering investigation which influences their investigation outcome. The findings demonstrate that money laundering investigation outcome is influenced by three factors, which are cost-benefit analysis, individual belief, and organizational context. The findings of the study provide significant contributions in confirming the theoretical foundations underpinning this research and suggest recommendations for the relevant regulators in improving money laundering investigation and prosecution decision making.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Economic Viability of Small and Marginal Farms in Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
M. Ramakrishna ◽  
I. Bhavani Devi ◽  
S. Rajeswari ◽  
P. V. Satyagopal ◽  
G. Mohan Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Economic Surplus ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Live Stock ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Selection Of

This study was conducted to estimate the factors influencing the viability of small and marginal farms in Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh. Multistage sampling technique was employed for selection of samples at different levels (districts, mandals and villages) in the present study. A sample of 120 farmers was selected from two districts, six mandals and six villages. The farmers were categorized according to their land holding size into marginal (<1 ha) and small (1-2 ha) category. On the basis of economic surplus left, the sample farmers were grouped as viable and nonviable farmers. The farmers having positive economic surplus are viable farmers and the farmers with negative economic surplus are non-viable farmers. Out of 120 sample farmer’s only 37 farmers were viable and 83 remained non-viable. It is found that net income from live stock and dairy and net income from crops were the major significant discriminating factors that discriminate viable and non-viable farmers. Other significant factors were off farm income, farm size and family expenditure.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Sustainable Agricultural Practices among Smallholder Farmers in Ogun State of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Samuel Olusola Oyewole ◽  
Samson Olayemi Sennuga
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Practices

The importance of adopting Sustainable Agricultural Practices (SAPs) approach to improve food production cannot be overemphasized in policy development and research agenda of many countries in sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigates how socio-demographic factors influence farm-level decision process associated with the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices among smallholder farmers in Ogun State. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 196 farmers. Primary data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Likert scale rating and multivariate probit model. The results showed that majority of the farmers were male with mean age of 35 years cultivating an average farm size of 5.8 hectares. The use of improved variety was adopted by 95.41% and this was rank first among the practices adopted by the farmers. Agroforestry was rank second and adopted by 85.71% of the respondents. The extent of adoption by the respondents showed that 94.39 and 72.45 were practicing the use of improved variety and agroforestry regularly. The factors influencing adoption of sustainable practices were age, education, farm size, farming experience and membership of social organization. The result further revealed that young farmers are more likely to adopt sustainable agricultural practices as option to increase productivity and reduce vulnerability of environment to ecological problems. This suggests that campaign for adoption of sustainable agricultural practices should target young farmers. However, this is not to discriminate older farmers in the sustainable agriculture policy agenda. The study established that there are complementary and substitute effects between the sustainable agricultural practices. This showed that policy changes that affect adoption of a given practice can have spillover effect on the other. Hence, extension services and promotion agenda should always emphasize the effects between different practices to enhance farmers’ choice.

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