scholarly journals ENERGY SECURITY OF SMALL EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE STATES OF THE SCANDINAVIAN REGION)

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-74
Author(s):  
Tatiana I. Gorkina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
European Countries

scholarly journals Trends of International Energy Security Risk Index in European Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Chernyak ◽  
Ganna Kharlamova ◽  
Andriy Stavytskyy
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The Uk

Abstract The paper deals with the analysis and forecasting of energy security risk index for eleven European countries (the United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway, France, Germany, Poland, Spain, Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, and Ukraine for the period 1992-2016). Nowadays, energy security plays an important role in guaranteeing the national, political and economic security of the country. A literature review of different approaches to defining energy security gave the possibility to consider the regression model of energy security risk index assessment, which takes into account the levels of economic, technical and technological, ecological, social and resource components. This step was proceeded with clusterization of the analysed countries in three groups according to Energy Security Risk Index. Based on this approach resource-mining countries (Denmark, Germany, Norway and the UK) were grouped in Cluster I, while Ukraine occupied the last Cluster III. The next division in five clusters supported the indicated allocation. Finally, we calculated the forecasts of energy security risk index based on data of 1992-2014. It allowed realizing the perspectives of energy market for the nearest future, particularly for Ukraine, which needs development of a new strategy of energy security

scholarly journals EU Energy Security at a Glance: The Evolution of the Situation Between 2014-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ionuţ Alin Cîrdei
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Eu

AbstractEnsuring the energy resources needed for the functioning of society as a whole is a major concern for European countries, which must identify solutions in this regard. Measures to be taken individually and collectively aim to ensure a continuous flow of energy resources and to consolidate the energy security. The energy security of European states is quite difficult to achieve due to the energy situation of all states and due to the increased dependence on energy resources outside the European space. Ensuring energy security not only creates the conditions for the development of society, but also strengthens national security, as it eliminates possible sources of tension and contradictions, which can lead to crisis or even conflict. From this perspective, it is clear that the EU is making efforts for energy sources diversification and to reduce the likelihood of malfunctions, but the evolution of the energy situation of the EU bloc shows that this is a long-term approach and concrete measures are very difficult to implement, fact easy to notice from the analysis of the energy situation of the EU between 2014 and 2018.

Management of Local Heat Poverty in Households – on the Selected Example

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Katarzyna ŚWIERSZCZ
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Energy Poverty

The reason for writing the article is the phenomenon of heat energy poverty among households. This problem is experienced both in Poland and other more or less developed European countries. Its main cause is three elements: economic, technical and social. Research shows that local governments responsible for the effective management of energy security are beginning to notice the problem of heat poverty in local terms.

Energy security and Russia’s gas strategy: The symbiotic relationship between the state and firms

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mert Bilgin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Firm Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
State Control ◽  
Energy Strategy ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Energy Companies

The way how Russia ignores the EU’s quest for liberalization and sustains a control over markets and supplies is directly related to her use of gas as leverage. Russia’s strategy affects many European and non-European countries during all stages: demand, supply and transit. It is not, however, possible to generalize a common statement that the EU’s position is based on a policy of market liberalization while Russia pursues an opposing strategy of increased state control. Russian energy strategy leads markets in Europe; sets tone for energy supplies at homeland and abroad, benefiting from a variety of means. This article shows how a symbiotic relationship between the Russian state and Russian energy companies emerge from a structure in which trade, markets and international politics have been embedded within the state interests and firm behavior. It identifies the economic and geopolitical trends with regard to recent developments of Russia’s strategy.

scholarly journals ENERGY SECURITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY ISSUES: HOUSEHOLD PERSPECTIVE IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Tvaronavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Energy Intensities

Aim of presented paper is provide the latest approaches towards energy security, to examine methodological foundations used, and to contribute to the contemporary discussion by providing new insights stemming from emerging needs of enhancing energy security. In the presented paper a role of energy efficiency among other constituents of energy security is being discussed. The second – analytical – part of paper is devoted to forecasting of long-term (until year 2050) energy intensities in household sectors in the following countries: Lithuania, Estonia, Belgium, Germany, Luxemburg and Bulgaria. Author claims, that revealed differences provide theoretically grounded foundations for further benchmarking of energy intensities.

scholarly journals Kurdistan’s role in European energy security

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemin Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Central Government ◽  
International Markets ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Ukraine Crisis

The paper analyzes the Kurdistan Regional Government’s (KRG) natural resource strategies, such as how it deals with huge reserves of many trillion cubic feet of its natural gas as significant energy. Because natural gas belongs to the cleanest burning fossil fuels, with 30 percent less carbon than oil, it plays a role in the global fuel economy. As KRG transports its natural gas to international markets, like European countries, via Turkey it means they also participate in energy security as a new actor. Because the KRG is landlocked, strong factors may affect Kurdish natural gas strategies because KRG is surrounded by today’s partners and yesterday’s enemies politically and economically. Turkey, the neighbor of KRG, also buys its gas and has an influence on these strategies after the Ukraine crisis that pushed European countries to make a turn towards Caspian natural gas. Kurdistan is part of the best option for European energy security as it plans to diversify natural gas imports. While the KRG benefits from selling its natural gas directly to international markets, this will come with some struggles. Many of these obstacles can be classified into two types: internal and external obstacles, such as a conflict with the central government regarding how to share gas revenues. Others problems include Iranian neighbor interest on natural resources in Kurdistan and Russia that looks to Kurdish gas as its ally if Kurdistan joins the southern gas corridor pipeline.

scholarly journals Estimating the interrelation between energy security and macroeconomic factors in European countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriy Stavytskyy ◽  
Ganna Kharlamova ◽  
Vincentas Giedraitis ◽  
Vaidotas Šumskis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors

16. Defence

2020 ◽  
pp. 327-346
Author(s):  
Nikola Tomić ◽  
Ben Tonra
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Strategic Culture ◽  
Military Alliances ◽  
The Core ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Defence Cooperation ◽  
Core Issues ◽  
The Eu

This chapter takes a comparative state-centric approach to illustrate the core issues of defence in Europe. The chapter reviews the influence of history, size, and geography on defence in Europe. It assesses the external threats facing European countries, including territorial threats from neighbouring countries such as Russia, energy security, and cyber security, and the ways in which these threats are perceived in Europe and in European states. It then shows how states respond to these threats, examining differences between European countries in terms of their strategic culture, defence capabilities, and military alliances. Efforts to build defence cooperation between countries are examined, including NATO and the emergence of common defence policies at the EU level.

Role of Azerbaijan in European energy security

ANCIENT LAND ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Ələmdar Əli oğlu Şahverdiyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
European Country ◽  
Energy Dependence ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Strategic Goal

The energy security of Europe is an important part of every European countries politics. The strategic goal of that politics contains illumination of energy dependence and provides energy security for each European country. In the article endeavour to analyze main components of the energy security of Europe, main strategic objectives in branch, expected medium and long term problems, direction of activity also, ability of Azerbaijan to provide Europe energy security in current realities. Key words: Energy security, energy profitability, diversification, pipeline

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