Management of Local Heat Poverty in Households – on the Selected Example

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Katarzyna ŚWIERSZCZ
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Energy Poverty

The reason for writing the article is the phenomenon of heat energy poverty among households. This problem is experienced both in Poland and other more or less developed European countries. Its main cause is three elements: economic, technical and social. Research shows that local governments responsible for the effective management of energy security are beginning to notice the problem of heat poverty in local terms.

scholarly journals Dynamic Role of Renewable Eenrgy to Strengthen Energy Security and Energy Poverty Reduction: Mediating Role of Low Carbon Finance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh van Tien ◽  
Thai Van Ha ◽  
Tran Duc Thuan ◽  
Thai Thi Kim Oanh ◽  
Nguyen Phan Thu Hang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
High Risk Area

Abstract This paper provides an empirical analysis of deploying renewables in Africa's five most populous countries for 2001-2019. It analyzed these factors to see how they impact deploying renewables by employing panel data using the pooled ordinary least squared(OLS) at frim level analysis to increase energy security and to reduce energy poverty. After the analysis, we proved that access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking needs the study countries to deploy renewables as most Africans cook with polluting fuels having detrimental health implications. The analyses further revealed that these countries generate a chunk of their electricity from fossil fuel sources, making it imperative to jettison fossil fuels and embrace renewables cheaper and environmentally friendly. The analysis also showed that the Quality of regulation in a country is vitally important to scaling up renewables in the study countries since the right policy tools underpin the transition. Furthermore, the lack of Electrification is important to developing renewal energy sources in the study countries. Sub-Saharan Africa has about nearly 600 million people not having access to electricity. Thus deploying renewables will bridge the access gap. Cleaner energies will be the panacea to the study countries’ energy insecurity situation and bridge the access gap. The study countries have the technical and theoretical potential for all the renewable energies needed to ensure sustainable consumption. What is needed is to institute cornerstone financial policy de-risking instruments to crowd in private capital since the renewables sector is perceived as a high-risk area.

scholarly journals Energy Poverty and Sustainable Economic Development: An Exploration of Correlations and Interdependencies in European Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7640
Author(s):  
Blanka Tundys ◽  
Agnieszka Bretyn ◽  
Maciej Urbaniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Energy And Climate Policy

The problem of energy poverty exists in practically every European country. Its size and scope are determined by a variety of factors, ranging from economic development to the direction of energy and climate policy implementation to cultural factors. Our aim in this paper was to carry out a comparative analysis of indicators related to energy poverty and sustainable development to identify correlations and links between the two issues and determine how they are related. The fact that the analysis was performed for most European countries is new and represents a broad spectrum of research; we were not limited to studies of countries bound by formal political-economic arrangements or by consideration of the degree of economic development. This approach enabled explication of how diverse the situation is in Europe. The research methods used included a critical analysis of the literature and the use of descriptive and mathematical-statistical tools. The main conclusions and findings of the analysis were that in some countries in economically developed Europe, energy poverty is a major problem, and that, in this respect, there are large differences between “old European Union” and “new European Union” countries, and in the countries that do not belong to political-economic structures in Europe. It is clear, from the research, which countries are rapidly and effectively reducing their energy poverty problems and which factors are the determinants of this. These results are linked to the new direction of energy policy and the shift towards more environmentally friendly energy use. In conclusion, it has been possible to identify the causes of energy poverty and how the energy poverty situation in Europe is changing.

Building an Infrastructure to Manage Electronic Services

2001 ◽  
pp. 71-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ake Gronlund
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Citizen Interactions ◽  
Stabilizing Factors ◽  
General Technical

For an organization to be able to deliver electronic services efficiently and professionally requires a “service infrastructure” including organizational solutions for logistics and customer (citizen) interactions. This chapter reviews a study covering three years of efforts by nine cities in eight European countries in developing such solutions. Generally, Web projects were seen as technical projects; though in fact issues pertaining to users and organization were most important, they were largely neglected. We found 12 distinct “challenges,” situations where the setting changed and the process was found in a stage of improvisation until new stability was achieved. The challenges fall into four categories, concerning users (4 challenges), organization (6), economy (1) and technology (1). We found that the overall process was largely unstructured and improvised. Stabilizing factors were central government policies (national, European Union), the general technical development, market demands and a cadre of Web agents” fostered within the organizations over years of Web projects. There was typically a missing infrastructure link, a body competent of managing the whole process of bundling services from different service providers and publishing them in a coherent fashion, providing support to service providers during the process of inventing, refining and evaluating services, improving operations and conducting the necessary but typically ignored activities of analysis of service quality and policy making. Our conclusion is that there is a great lack of strategic leadership in the field of electronic services in local governments in Europe. This is a big problem considering the importance of that sector and the challenges it is facing.

Marine Protected Areas in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Young Kil Park ◽  
Seokwoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Government

South Korea has taken steps to achieve the Aichi Target 11 and several pieces of South Korean legislation require the government to make every effort to protect the ocean from pollution and manage conservation consistently. However, protected area coverage is recognized to be well short of target and recent assessment reports reveal that most MPAs are not managed well. The reasons for mismanagement are complex: lack of budget, lack of understanding among local residents and communities, vague jurisdictional boundaries between the regional office of the central government and the local governments, shortage of experts, etc. Therefore, the immediate and primary task for the government is to establish more effective management systems rather than increase the number and areas of the MPAs.

scholarly journals Territorial upscaling of local governments: a variable-oriented approach to explaining variance among Western European countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jostein Askim ◽  
Jan Erling Klausen ◽  
Signy Irene Vabo ◽  
Karl Bjurstrøm
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Western European ◽  
Oriented Approach

scholarly journals Subnational actors in the relations between China and Central and Eastern European countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 101-121
Author(s):  
Hongfei Gu
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Stable Pattern ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Cooperation Mechanism ◽  
Optimization And Upgrading ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Two Sides

While much discussion centres on China’s engagement with Central and Eastern European countries, few studies investigate the role of subnational actors in the relations between the two sides. This paper brings China’s cooperation with Central and Eastern European (CEECs) countries, centred around what is popularly known as the “16 + 1” mechanism. It aims to unravel the link between local governments and the “16 + 1” cooperation mechanism. Local governments’ external cooperation is a new attempt in China’s diplomatic layout. It argues that the exchanges between local governments are a useful supplement to the in-depth cooperation between the two sides, and the cooperation between the two sides has formed a relatively stable pattern. At present, it has entered the stage of an in-depth integration focusing on optimization and upgrading. The further development of local cooperation mainly depends on whether it can play a sufficient leading role in the economic development of China and the countries of Central and Eastern Europe.

scholarly journals Trends of International Energy Security Risk Index in European Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Chernyak ◽  
Ganna Kharlamova ◽  
Andriy Stavytskyy
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The Uk

Abstract The paper deals with the analysis and forecasting of energy security risk index for eleven European countries (the United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway, France, Germany, Poland, Spain, Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, and Ukraine for the period 1992-2016). Nowadays, energy security plays an important role in guaranteeing the national, political and economic security of the country. A literature review of different approaches to defining energy security gave the possibility to consider the regression model of energy security risk index assessment, which takes into account the levels of economic, technical and technological, ecological, social and resource components. This step was proceeded with clusterization of the analysed countries in three groups according to Energy Security Risk Index. Based on this approach resource-mining countries (Denmark, Germany, Norway and the UK) were grouped in Cluster I, while Ukraine occupied the last Cluster III. The next division in five clusters supported the indicated allocation. Finally, we calculated the forecasts of energy security risk index based on data of 1992-2014. It allowed realizing the perspectives of energy market for the nearest future, particularly for Ukraine, which needs development of a new strategy of energy security

scholarly journals Use of the European experience of supporting the development of small enterprises of rural green tourism in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Plevako
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Theoretical Generalization ◽  
Green Tourism ◽  
Tourism Enterprises

The subject of this research is theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of the functioning of rural green tourism enterprises in European countries and in Ukraine. The purpose of the work to analyze the European experience in supporting and identifying the features of the functioning of rural green tourism enterprises in the context of leading European countries to optimize their activities and increase the number in Ukraine. The methodological basis of the article was the methods of scientific knowledge: monographic – for theoretical generalization and identification of the features of the formation of rural green tourism in European countries; system-structural analysis and synthesis, groupings – for the interpretation of the results; problem-target – for the practical implementation of the European experience in the operation of rural green tourism enterprises. Results of the article. The article reveals the features of the implementation of rural green tourism in European countries and grouping of countries by the identity of tools and support mechanisms. The possibilities of their implementation in Ukraine in terms of practice, institutions of support, local support not only as a type of activity, but as a resource for the storage and reproduction of rural areas are substantiated. The field of application of results.The materials, results and conclusions of the article can be used in the activities of rural territorial communities, local governments, enterprises and agro-estates, higher educational institutions of the corresponding specialization and faculties of economics and management of tourism and hotel and restaurant business. Conclusions. It has been determined that the most significant feature of the theory and practice of the operation of rural green tourism enterprises in European countries is the expansion of their functions from purely business to more socially necessary and significant ones – as tools for the preservation and reproduction of rural areas, incl. depressive. This ensures their great support at the level of local communities, state authorities, it is advisable to use them in every possible way. It is also advisable to use proven mechanisms and forms of tourism in the countryside.

scholarly journals “Give Us Liberty, or Give Us Money”: Growth of Regional Parties’ Influence in Contemporary Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
N. Turov
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
European Countries ◽  
National Parliaments ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Regional Parties ◽  
Regional Elections

Received 01.09.2020. In the early 21st century, many European countries saw an increased influence of political parties relying on localized communities. Many new regional parties (RPs) emerged, which put the scientific community in need of understanding the reasons behind their strengthening positions in Europe. The present research provides a critical review of the RPs’ definitions, examines their origins, place in the political spectrum, factors of electoral success and geographical distribution of their electorate. The study is based on the analysis of the parliamentary and regional elections results in 43 European countries in 2000–2019. A map of the RP support rate by region has been designed, showing areas of the strongest public support. Its correlation with ethnic and cultural composition, political structure, and uneven regional development of the countries of Western and Eastern Europe has been analyzed. Today, in parliamentary and regional elections, RPs receive more than 5% of votes in the area of around 600 sq. kms, or 40% of the European territory (overseas territories excluded). Particular attention is paid to party strategies in national and regional elections. Modern RPs diversify their programs going far beyond the interests of a particular sociocultural group. In parliamentary elections, they often make alliances with national parties. In turn, national parties sometimes speak in regional elections “under the local brand”. The satisfaction of the RPs’ demands to provide the regions with greater autonomy does not have a significant impact on their strategies, which request increasingly wider powers. Despite the fact that individual regional parties even get seats in national parliaments, they have practically no influence on the state policy shaping. Their rise is associated not with electoral results, but with trends in the European political process. One can speak not about the success of particular parties, but about the advancement of the idea of regionalism. Acknowledgements. The study was carried out at the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences as part of the work supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation (RSF). Project no. 19-17-00232 “Post-Soviet Non-Recognized States: Factors of Viability and Risks for Russia”. Collection of electoral data for drawing up a schematic map (Fig.) was supported by a grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) and Expert Institute of Social Research (EISR). Project no. 20-011-32284 “The Success of Regional Parties in Modern Europe: Causes and Characteristics”.

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