Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study on Caregiver Burden in Chronic Mentally Ill Patients in Northern Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (25) ◽  
pp. 2138-2142
Author(s):  
Aswathy Anitha Roby ◽  
Druhin Adavalath ◽  
Padmini Cherukunnath
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
External Support ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Giving

BACKGROUND Mental health is an important aspect of health, and it should be cherished, promoted, and conserved, to the maximum. World-wide, around 450 million people suffering from mental illness and contributing to important causes for years lived with disability. Caring is a fundamental issue in the treatment of a patient with mental illness. Majority of patients stay with their families and they have been the mainstay of care giving for patients with mental illness. Taking care of chronic mentally ill patients puts stress and burden on the caregivers. Caregivers use different methods of coping. This study was conducted to assess burden among caregivers of chronic mentally ill patients. METHODS This is a hospital based cross-sectional study. A consecutive sample of 150 caregivers of both inpatients and outpatients who satisfy the inclusion criteria, attending psychiatry department were recruited in the study. Caregivers were assessed with socio-demographic proforma. The burden assessment schedule (BAS) developed by SCARF measures the burden experienced by caregivers of chronic mentally ill patients. Statistical analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Categorical and quantitative variables were expressed as frequency (percentage) and mean ± SD respectively. Chi-square test was used to association between categorical variables. RESULTS Of the 150 participants, 16 % experienced mild burden, 57.3 % had moderate levels of burden and 26.7 % had severe burden levels. CONCLUSIONS This study concluded that caregivers of the mentally ill individuals do undergo a lot of burden or strain. Highest areas of burden were seen in the areas of physical and mental health, external support, and spouse related. The caregivers are in need of support and understanding. Clinicians dealing with the caregivers of patients with chronic mental illness must systematically assess the coping mechanisms of caregivers and encourage the use of adaptive and problem-focused coping mechanism to improve the caregiving and patient related outcome. Hence, there is a need to develop strategies that can help them such as providing them with a support structure as well as counseling services. KEYWORDS Caregiver, Burden, Mental Illness, Coping

scholarly journals Mental health literacy among undergraduate students of a Saudi tertiary institution: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Mahfouz ◽  
Abdulwahab Aqeeli ◽  
Anwar M. Makeen ◽  
Ramzi M. Hakami ◽  
Hatim H. Najmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

The issue of mental health literacy has been widely studied in developed countries, with few studies conducted in Arab countries. In this study we aimed to investigate mental health literacy and attitudes towards psychiatric patients among students of Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students using a validated Arabic-version questionnaire. A total of 557 students were recruited from different Jazan university colleges. The majority of students (90.3%) have intermediate mental health literacy. Regarding the etiology of mental illness, students agreed that genetic inheritance (45.8%), poor quality of life (65%) and social relationship weakness (73.1%) are the main causes of mental illness. The majority thought that mentally ill people are not capable of true friendships (52.5%) and that anyone can suffer from a mental illness (49.4%). Students' attitudes towards psychiatric patients were mixed, with 68.7% reporting that they could maintain a friendship with a mentally ill person and that people with mental illness should have the same rights as anyone else (82.5%). Mental health literacy among university students was intermediate. There is an urgent need for health educational programs to change the attitudes of students regarding this important health issue.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Burden on Caregivers of Patients with Mental Disorders- A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-226
Author(s):  
Pratiksha Acharya ◽  
Hari Prasad Upadhyay ◽  
N. Loganathan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Illness Duration ◽  
Monthly Expenditure ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Significant Factors

Background: Mental illness is the condition that disrupts a person’s thinking, feeling, mood, ability to relate to others and daily functioning. Caregivers play an important role in the management of all the chronic mental illnesses. Thus the aim of this study was to assess the burden and to find out association between level of burden among caregivers of mentally ill patients and related variables. Material and Method: An analytical cross-sectional, study was conducted among the caregivers of mentally ill patients visiting at selected Hospital of Bharatpur. Burden Assessment Scheduled (BAS) tool was used to collect the data. Chi-square test was used to find the association between levels of burden with related variables. P-value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: Research showed that among 204 caregivers 61.8% had moderate level of burden and none of the caregivers had mild level of burden however 38.2% had severe level of burden. The statistically significant factors that affect the level of burden in the caregivers are: place of residence, relation with the patient, duration of mental illness, duration of care giving and monthly expenditure for treatment are the statistically significant variables to the level of burden. Conclusion: More than one third of the caregivers have severe level of burden. The level of burden is high among the female as among the male. Caregivers who are married and education status less than primary level have high level of burden. Also, the caregivers who are from nuclear family and whose patient’s duration of mental illness more than one year had severe level of burden.  The statistically significant factors that affect to the level of burden are: place of residence, relation with the patients, and duration of mental illness, duration of care giving and monthly expenditure for treatment.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Confidence and Preparedness in Paramedics in Metropolitan, Regional, and Rural Australia to Manage Mental-Health-Related Presentations: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1882
Author(s):  
Kate Emond ◽  
Melanie Bish ◽  
Michael Savic ◽  
Dan I. Lubman ◽  
Terence McCann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Manage Mental ◽  
Manage Mental Health

Mental-health-related presentations account for a considerable proportion of the paramedic’s workload in prehospital care. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the perceived confidence and preparedness of paramedics in Australian metropolitan and rural areas to manage mental-health-related presentations. Overall, 1140 paramedics were surveyed. Pearson chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to compare categorical variables by sex and location of practice; continuous variables were compared using the non-parametric Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Perceived confidence and preparedness were each modelled in multivariable ordinal regressions. Female paramedics were younger with higher qualifications but were less experienced than their male counterparts. Compared to paramedics working in metropolitan regions, those working in rural and regional areas were generally older with fewer qualifications and were significantly less confident and less prepared to manage mental health presentations (p = 0.001). Compared to male paramedics, females were less confident (p = 0.003), although equally prepared (p = 0.1) to manage mental health presentations. These results suggest that higher qualifications from the tertiary sector may not be adequately preparing paramedics to manage mental health presentations, which signifies a disparity between education provided and workforce preparedness. Further work is required to address the education and training requirements of paramedics in regional and rural areas to increase confidence and preparedness in managing mental health presentations.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and associated factors towards mental illness among residents of Dessie town, northeast, Ethiopia, a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengesha Birkie ◽  
Tamrat Anbesaw
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Northeast Ethiopia ◽  
Unfavorable Attitude ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Knowledge and attitude towards mental illness are poor and neglected as compared to medical illness. However, there is an increasing burden of mental illness in the community. As per the knowledge of the investigators, studies are scarce and not done in the study area about knowledge and attitudes of mental illness. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and associated factors towards mental illness among, Dessie town residents. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie town, Northeast, Ethiopia from October 27 to November 29/2020. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed. The data were collected from 477 study participants using a standard structured questionnaire, which were Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS) and Community Attitude to Mental Illness Inventory (CAMI) respectively. Data were entered using Epi-data version 3.1 and, then exported to SPSS version 26 for analyses. Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression analyses was employed. Results From 477 study participants the prevalence of poor knowledge and unfavorable attitude towards mental illness were 55.3% (95% CI: 50.9, 60.0) and 45.1% (95% CI: 40.7,49.5) respectively. Being female [AOR = 1.62 (95% CI:1.06,2.47)], could not read and write [AOR = 6.28 (95% CI: 2.56, 15.39)], lack of information about mental illness [AOR = 5.82 (95% CI: 3.78,8.94)] and unfavorable attitude [AOR =1.73 (95% CI: 1.12,2.66)] were variables found statistical significant with poor knowledge. Whereas, income < 2166 [AOR = 1.64, (95% CI: 1.12, 2.41)], poor social support [AOR = 2.04, (95% CI: 1.13, 3.68)], moderate social support [AOR = 2.44, (95% CI: 1.45, 3.97)] and poor knowledge [AOR = 1.66, (95% CI: 1.13,2.43)] were variables significantly associated with unfavorable attitude toward mental illness. Conclusion In this study about half of the community have poor knowledge, and less than half of the participants have an unfavorable attitude to wards mental illness. There are many factors associated with poor knowledge and unfavorable attitudes. This having poor knowledge and unfavorable attitude may cause certain problems like a decrease in health care of a person with mental illness. Therefore, we recommend practice-based awareness in the community regarding mental health problems needs to be addressed.

scholarly journals Knowledge of the community regarding mental health problems: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonas Tesfaye ◽  
Liyew Agenagnew ◽  
Susan Anand ◽  
Gudina Terefe Tucho ◽  
Zewdie Birhanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jimma Zone ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Knowledge of the community regarding mental health problems has a remarkable impact on the attitude, the help-seeking path, and prevention of stigma and discrimination against patients with mental health problems. It is also the cornerstone for designing evidence-based community mental health interventions. However, the evidence is scarce in developing countries like Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding mental health problems and associated factors among communities of Jimma Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Jimma zone from March 1 to 22, 2020. A structured, pretested, and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 420 study participants selected through a systematic sampling technique. The knowledge about mental health was measured by the adapted version of the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule tool. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23.0 for analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done, and p-value < 0.05 and 95% CI were used to determine the predictors of the outcome variable. Results The overall knowledge score showed (188, 44.8%) of the respondents had inadequate knowledge. Moreover, (75, 17.9%) of the respondents reported psychiatric disorders are contagious, and (138, 32.9%) mentioned leaving alone is the treatment for mental illness. Talking or laughing alone and showing strange or unusual behaviors were described as symptoms of mental illness by the majority (407, 96.9%) and (403, 96.0%) of respondents, respectively. Brain dysfunction was attributed to the cause of mental illness by most (390, 92.9%) of the study participants. Similarly, the percentage of responses that attributed the causes of mental illness to possession by an evil spirit, God’s punishment, and witchcraft were significantly high (368, 87.6%), (321, 76.4%) and (259, 67.1%), respectively. Furthermore, regression analysis showed that respondents who were able to read and write were 64% less likely to have adequate knowledge than those in secondary school and above educational status (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI (0.16–0.69)). Conclusion Knowledge of mental illness among the general public was relatively poor and higher levels of education were associated with good knowledge of mental health problems; this suggests the need for due emphasis on public education to improve the mental health literacy status of the community.

scholarly journals Mental health literacy and quality of life in Iran: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Jafari ◽  
Mahbobeh Nejatian ◽  
Vahideh Momeniyan ◽  
Fatemeh Ramezani Barsalani ◽  
Hadi Tehrani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Mental health is one of the effective factors in the quality of life of people. The aim of the present study was to determine the status of mental health literacy (MHL) and its relationship with the quality of life across the Iranian general population. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a multi-stage sampling method was used to survey 1070 participants from the city of Gonabad (Iran). The data collection tools were demographics section, mental health literacy scale (MHLS), and quality of life (SF-12) questionnaires. The data was analyzed by SPSS software version 24 using Independent sample t- test, One- way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and logistic regression. Results The mean and standard deviation of the total scores of MHL and quality of life were 113.54 (10.34) and 35.26 (6.42), respectively. The results revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between MHL and the quality of life (p < 0.001). In this study, there was a significant relationship between variables of sex, level of education, plus received information about mental illness and MHL (p < 0.001). The quality of life was higher in participants whose family members did not have a mental illness, had a high-income level, and received information about mental illness (p < 0.001). Logistic regression indicated that there was a significant relationship between the ability to recognize mental disorders plus knowledge of where to seek information and obtaining information related to mental health (p < 0.001). Conclusion Based on the results of this study, there was a correlation between health literacy and quality of life, and more attention should be paid to MHL. Thus, appropriate programs should be designed and implemented to enhance the level of MHL.

scholarly journals Perceived stigma among caregivers of mentally ill patient: A descriptive cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Pratibha Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Standard Tool

Background: Stigmatising experience related to mental illness is not only confined to the patient but also experienced by their caregivers such as family members and friends. Caregivers feel down and helpless about their affiliation with stigma related to mental illness. Various research studies show that stigma related to mental illness have negative influence on caregivers which leads to concealing the status of mentally ill relatives. Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of perceived stigma among the caregivers of mentally ill patients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Psychiatric outpatient and inpatient department of Psychiatry, Kathmandu Medical College from 30th January to August 30th 2020. Two hundred and sixteen respondents were chosen conveniently. Face to face interview was conducted using standard tool ‘Devaluation Consumers Families Scale’ to assess the perceived stigma among caregivers of mentally ill patients. Results: Perceived stigma among the caregivers of mentally ill patients was found to be medium (mean score 15.8±2.8). The caregivers perceived the community looking down on the families with mentally ill relatives (community rejection). The mean score was low (2.1±0.8) on “uncaring parents” which indicates that the respondents did not agree that parents of mentally ill patients were less responsible and caring than others. Conclusion: Caregivers of mentally ill patient perceive stigma in various forms which affects the usages of health facilities, care and support towards mentally ill relatives. Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of perceived stigma among the caregivers of mentally ill patients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Psychiatric outpatient and inpatient department of Psychiatry, Kathmandu Medical College from 30th January to August 30th 2020. Two hundred and sixteen respondents were chosen conveniently. Face to face interview was conducted using standard tool ‘Devaluation Consumers Families Scale’ to assess the perceived stigma among caregivers of mentally ill patients.  Results: Perceived stigma among the caregivers of mentally ill patients  was found to be medium (mean score 15.8±2.8). The caregivers perceived the community looking down on the families with mentally ill relatives (community rejection). The mean score was low (2.1±0.8) on “uncaring parents” which indicates that the respondents did not agree that parents of mentally ill patients were less responsible and caring than others.  Conclusion: Caregivers of mentally ill patient perceive stigma in various forms which affects the usages of health facilities, care and support towards mentally ill relatives.

scholarly journals Family Caregiving and Depression among Older Adults in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 809-810
Author(s):  
Taiji Noguchi ◽  
Takahiro Hayashi ◽  
Yuta Kubo ◽  
Naoki Tomiyama ◽  
Akira Ochi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract COVID-19 infections are particularly lethal in older adults; thus, social activities of older adults and their families in the community have been restricted. The threat of infection, restrictions on social activities, and limitations on the provision of care services for older adults could increase family caregivers’ burden and impact their mental health. This cross-sectional study examined the association between family caregiving and change in depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. In October 2020, we conducted a mailed questionnaire survey on a random sample of functionally independent community-dwelling older adults in a semi-urban area of Japan. Based on the depression status between March and October 2020, participants were classified into four groups: “consistently non-depressed,” “depression onset,” “recovering from depression,” and “remained depressed.” Participants were assessed for providing care for their family members or not. Caregiver participants were also assessed on their caregiving role (primary or secondary), the severity of their care-recipient’s needs, and an increased caregiver burden. Data from 957 older adults were analyzed. The participants’ mean age (SD) was 80.8 (4.8) years, and 53.5% were female. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that family caregiving was associated with depression onset (OR=3.17 [95%CI=1.57-6.40], p=0.001) and remaining depressed (2.53 [1.36-4.71], p=0.004). Particularly, primary caregivers, those providing care for family members with severer care need-levels, and those with an increased caregiver burden had a higher risk of depression onset and remaining depressed. Family caregivers could have severe mental health conditions during the pandemic. Developing a support system is essential to protect their mental health.

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