scholarly journals Biological Features of Gladiolus hybridus in Connection with the Adaptation of the Siberian Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-426
Author(s):  
Lyudmila L. Sedelnikova ◽  
◽  
Irina G. Vorobyova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Flowering Duration ◽  
Fusarium Rot ◽  
Gladiolus Hybridus ◽  
And Storage

The adaptive possibilities of the varietal diversity of Gladiolus hybridus in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia are analyzed. Morphobiological features of shoot formation are shown. Long-term (1999–2019) results of seasonal development of plants in generative age state are presented. The specificity of the terms of flowering varies from different groups of the sum of positive temperatures. Flowering in Novosibirsk occurs in early varieties with the sum of positive temperatures >1462° C, medium >1558° C, late >1711° C. It was determined that in the prewinter the cone of growth of the shoot of renewal forms rudimentary vegetative organs, which corresponds to the second stage of organogenesis. Differentiation of the cone of growth of escape to generative organs begins during the period of intensive growth of escape in June. During the period from 60–73 days, the cone of growth of the shoot passes intrarenal development from III to VIII stages of organogenesis. IX–XII stages of organogenesis correspond to the phenological stages from flowering to fruiting. Flowering duration is 10–25 days, seasonal development 118–123 days. There was a decrease in the coefficient of vegetative reproduction in varieties from 2015 to 2018 of 2–12 times. The main ecological niche of the pathogen Fusarium rot of gladiolus (of vosb. Fusarium oxysporum f. gladioli) are underground organs (roots, corms), and also-above-ground organs of plants. Comparison of the degree of resistance of gladiolus to Fusarium showed a different reaction of varieties during the growing season and storage of corms.

scholarly journals PERENNIAL FLORICULTURAL CROPS RECOMMENDED FOR USE IN LANDSCAPE DESIGN IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE ALTAI REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
O.V. Larina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Flowering Duration ◽  
Altai Region ◽  
High Degree

Rare perennials are very valuable ornamental plants that are very different in their morphological properties. They also differ in the rhythms of their seasonal development. The research goal is to make a comprehensive description of the studied introduced species according to their economically valuable characters and to recommend them for use in land-scape design of the Altai Region. This paper presents the results of long-term studies of 10 taxa that were recom-mended over the past 5 years. The research was carried outin the forest-steppe zone of the Altai Region. The following species were the research targets: Ajuga reptansChocolate Chip,Ajuga reptansMulticolor,Aster novi-belgiiBlue Gem,Aster novi-belgiiEthel Ballard,Aster novi-belgiiMarye Bal-lard,Ligulariatangutica, Heuherella tiarelloides, Sedum kamtschaticum, Hylotelephium spectabile, Eupatorium pur-pureum. In terms of height, structure of vegetative and gen-erative shoots, the introduced species belong to different morphobiological groups, and that allowsusing them in vari-ous types of plantations. The recommended taxa have a high degree of winter hardiness with the exception of Ajuga reptansMulticolor which rots slightly in winters with high snow levels. The flowering of the studied species lasts from May 26 to September 26. There are 4 cultivars with an early flowering period, 1 -middle, 5 -late flowering. Flowering duration is 19-52 days. The plant height is from 18 to 130 cm. The comprehensive evaluationreaches 12-13 score points out of possible 15points. The influence of weather conditions on the quantitative indices of ornamental and morphophysiological qualities of the cultivars was deter-mined. Wide use of highly ornamental perennials recom-mended for landscaping may increasethe ornamental valueof flower beds.

scholarly journals Analysis of oats varieties of selection of the Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center for the assembly of protein per unit area

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 (6) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
O. Yusova ◽  
P. Nikolaev ◽  
Irina Safonova ◽  
Nikolay Aniskov
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Stability Factor ◽  
Integral Parameter ◽  
Estimation Of Parameters ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Adaptability Parameters

Abstract. This article presents the results of a long-term study of a set of oat varieties in the southern forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region. The estimation of parameters of ecological adaptability for protein collection per unit area is given. Purpose. Long-term study of a set of oats varieties in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region according to environmental adaptability parameters calculated on the basis of “protein collection per hectare”. Methods. The research was conducted from 2013 to 2017 in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Omsk. A detailed analysis of the adaptability parameters is provided: the indicator “protein collection per hectare” according to Zykin, ecological plasticity index according to Eberhart and Rassel, stability factor according to Lewis, homeostaticity and selection the value of varieties according to Khangildin, relative stability and stability criterion according to Sobolev, intensity according to the method of Udachin. The final adaptability of varieties is estimated by the sum of the ranks obtained by each variety for the studied parameters. Results. The results of the research have shown that they are most adaptive in the southern forest-steppe zone Omsk region filmy varieties Orion, Uranus and Sibirskiy Gerkules (total ranks 34–44) and Sibirskiy golozernyy (total ranks 61). Scientific novelty lies in the study of 13 varieties of membranous and hulless groups of oats, recommended for cultivation in the Omsk region. The collection of protein per hectare is an integral parameter that takes into account two indicators: the actual yield of the variety and the content of crude protein in the grain. Therefore, studies on this indicator are not popular. For the first time, thanks to the adaptive characteristics, varieties are divided according to this characteristic into intensive and extensive. The grouping of varieties depending on the cultivation areas is also given.

scholarly journals The role of variety and forecrop in the population dynamics of Rhizoctonia solani in soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
A. A. Malyuga ◽  
N. S. Chulikova
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Peaks

Long-term studies (2014–2019) of the population dynamics of the fungus Rhizoctonia solani Küch. were carried out in the soil on the Purple Majesty, Vitelotte and Fioletovy potato varieties and preceding crops (potatoes, oats and tendergreen). The study was carried out in Novosibirsk region in the soil and climatic conditions typical of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. To study the peculiarities of R. solani fungus population dynamics in potato plantations, soil samples were taken from under the plants during the entire growing season. The accumulation of rhizoctonia propagules in the soil was determined using the method of multiple soil pellets. The difference in the amount and rate of accumulation of the fungus R. solani on different varieties, as well as the influence of previous crops on this process, was established. Two peaks of the fungus accumulation were observed on the Purple Majesty variety: the first (48.7 propagules/100 g of soil) – during the full germination period, the second (57.2 propagules/100 g of soil) – at the end of the crop maturation phase. One peak was observed in the population dynamics of the fungus on Vitelotte and Fioletovy varieties, at the end of the ripening period (59.0 and 49.1 propagules/100 g soil, respectively). The smallest amount of R. solani fungus in the soil on average during the growing season was noted on the Fioletovy variety – 33.3 propagules/100 g of soil. In the Purple Majesty and Vitelotte varieties, this figure was 41.5 and 40.4 propagules/100 g of soil, respectively. When potato variety Agata was cultivated as monoculture, there was a rapid and significant accumulation of the fungus R. solani in the soil (from 34.6 to 126.8 propagules/100 g of soil). When this variety was cultivated following tendergreen or oats, the amount of the pathogen varied to a lesser extent (25.1–52.2 and 19.8–41.0 propagules/100 g of soil, respectively). No sharp increases in the number of propagative structures of the phytopathogen in the soil were noted.

scholarly journals Morphobiochemical features of plant adaptation in the Northern forest-steppe of Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
O. O. Vronskaya ◽  
O. L. Zandekova
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
Phenological Phases

The article presents the results of long-term research on the adaptive potential of plants of the genus Iris of the family Iridaceae in the Northern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. An assessment of the morphobiological features of irises was carried out, the timing of flowering and the amount of positive temperatures necessary for the onset of such phenological phases of development as regrowth, budding, flowering and fruiting were determined. The indicator role of phenolic compounds and peroxidase in iris leaves during seasonal development was revealed. The studied indicators can be used as an informative parameter for evaluating the state of plants for phyto-indication and introduction.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of successional processes taking place in artificial phytocenoses on the Kuzbass coal mining dumps

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 00015
Author(s):  
Tatiana Lamanova ◽  
Natalia Sheremet ◽  
Vladimir Doronkin
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Kuznetsk Basin ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Arrhenatherum Elatius ◽  
Zonal Soils

The article presents results of the long-term studies of the structure and production of agrophytocenoses, established on the coal mining dumps in the Kuznetsk basin forest steppe zone. Agrophytocenoses were established on the leveled dumps by seeding grasses and legumes. Another set of control agrophytocenoses was established by the same technic on zonal soil. Seeds were provided by the laboratories of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Novosibirsk. After 30 yrs of observations it was found that agrophytocenoses on the coal mining dumps did not have initial stage, as well as stage of spontaneous species invasion. Elimination of Trifolium pratense and Arrhenatherum elatius from coal mining dumps phytocenoses took place 3-4 yrs later than from agrophytocenoses on zonal soils. Species did not eliminate totally, but remained in communities with increased or decreased relative abundances. Significant number of species displayed fluctuation, rather than succession in course of 30 yrs development on the coal mining dumps. These phytocenoses It was also found that agrophytocenoses on the coal mining dumps have high long-term production potential.

scholarly journals Rare species of bayrachny forests of the south of the European part of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00122
Author(s):  
Tatyana Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
European Part ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Rare Plant ◽  
The South ◽  
European Part Of Russia

The article presents the results of long-term research of ravine oak forests of the Rostov region.The term ‘bayrack’ (ravine) forest is associated with the growing of forests of this type on the slopes of ravines in the forest-steppe zone. The conducted ecological and floral classification showed a high syntaxonomic diversity of ravine oak forests of the region. Forest communities are represented by 6 associations: Scorzonero ensifoliae–Quercetum Sokolova ex Semenishchenkov 2020; Vicio pisiformis–Quercetum roboris Semenishchenkov 2012; Pyro pyrastri– Quercetum roboris Poluyanov 2012; Chamaecytiso ruthenici–Quercetum roboris Poluyanov 2012; Fritillario ruthenici-Quercetum roboris Onyschenko, Dyakova et Karpenko ex Goncharenko in Goncharenko et al. 2020, Melico pictae-Ulmetum minoris ass. nov. prov. from 2 classes: Carpino–Fagetea, Quercetea pubescentis and 2 unions: Aceri campestris-Quercion roboris and Scutellario altissimae-Quercion roboris. There are 67 rare plant species listed in the Red Books of the Rostov [1], Volgograd [2] and Voronezh [3] regions in the communities of these associations. Oak forests in the south of the European part of Russia significantly increase the biological diversity not only of the Don region, but also of the entire steppe zone of the country.

scholarly journals Trypsin inhibitor activity in representatives of the genus Hedysarum (Fabaceae): the polyvariance of seasonal dynamics in Southern Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
E. V. Zhmud ◽  
N. S. Zinner ◽  
O. V. Dorogina
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor Activity ◽  
Altai Republic ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Southern Siberia

Background. Trypsin-inhibiting activity (TIA) is one of the factors of plant immunity. This factor provides the presence of general non-specific systemic resistance. Representatives of the genus Hedysarum L. are promising medicinal and high-protein fodder plants with high TIA in the leaves. High TIA values in the aboveground part of plants lead to a decrease in protein assimilation by animals. Therefore, identifying the differentiation in the features of TIA seasonal dynamics will make it possible to use the potential of these species most effectively under the conditions of Southern Siberia.Materials and methods. TIA in the leaves of mature generative plants of Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. and H. flavescens Regel & Schmalh. was analyzed. H. theinum is a rare species for Siberia; H. flavescens is a settled one in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. The studies were conducted with H. theinum in 2010 under natural conditions (Altai Republic) and in cultivation (forest zone of Western Siberia). In 2017, H. theinum and H. flavescens were studied under cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. The research method was based on the spectrophotometric measurement of the optical density in protein substrate (BAPA) decomposition products under the effect of trypsin (at 405 nm). Bovine trypsin manufactured by ISNBiomedical (USA) was used. BAPA (Na -benzoyl-DL-argininep-nitroanilide) served as a substrate.Conclusions. The TIA values in the flowering phase of seasonal plant development reached their maximum only under favorable conditions: in Altai Republic for the leaves of H. theinum, and in the foreststeppe zone of Western Siberia for H. flavescens. TIA values in H. theinum did not increase during flowering in the forest zone of Western Siberia and significantly decreased in the forest steppe. In view of these findings, these two species may be recommended for practical utilization in this phase of seasonal development. 

scholarly journals Influence of changes of climate on the productivity of pratal and steppe vegetation in the Forest-steppe area of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
A. M. Polevoy ◽  
L. E. Bozhko ◽  
E. A. Barsukova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Steppe Vegetation ◽  
Yield Capacity

The influence of the climate change on the agro-climatic growth conditions, development and formation of productivity of meadow and steppe vegetation in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine for three periods has been studied: 2021–2030, 2031–2040, 2041–2050. The calculations of the expected conditions have been performed according to the climate change scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The paper provides an assessment of the agro-climatic conditions for the formation of productivity of meadow and steppe vegetation in the current global warming and further climate change conditions until 2050. The assessment has been performed by comparing the average long-term agro-climatic indicators (1980–2010) of the productivity of wild phytocenoses with the same indicators for the future over decades. The calculations of both average long-term productivity of grasses and productivity of grasses in the conditions of climate change are executed according to four types of productivity: potential productivity which in case of optimum maintenance of plants with heat, moisture and mineral food is defined by solar radiation; meteorologically possible yield, which is provided by the temperature regime and the regime of humidification of the territory; really possible yield capacity, which is provided by the natural fertility of the soil; actual yield capacity in the natural conditions. Key words: meadow, steppe vegetation, productivity, humus balance, photosynthetic potential, agroecological categories of yields, climate change.

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