scholarly journals Influence of Rhizobium and Mycorrhizae in the Production of Seedlings of Caesalpinia Spinosa L. Taya in San Pablo, Peru

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zurita ◽  
A. Cadenillas ◽  
M. Gallardo
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
El Alto ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Neck Diameter

This research study evaluated the symbiotic influence of Mycorrhizae in the production of propagating material of Caesalpinia Spinosa L. Taya, as well as the characterization of strains of mycorrhitic fungi in field, nursery, and laboratory work. No nodules were found as a product of nitrifying bacteria in the roots of plants Caesalpinea spinosa L., and ectomycorrhitic fungi were identified in the rhizosphere, such as Basidiomicetes and species of Rhizoctonia sp and Fusarium sp. From the evaluations, T4 exceeded all treatments, such as in height, neck diameter, number of leaves, root length, and the wet and dry weight of Taya seedling. In conclusion, we say that the Caesalpinia Spinosa L. Taya, despite of belonging to the legume family, does not present nodulation; but the presence of ectomycorrhitic fungi such as the basidiomicetes in the rhizosphere and high content of organic matter, positively influences the increase in the volume of seedling in the nursery, also reflected in the absorption of protein and phosphorus. Keywords: mycorrhizal association, seedlings, rhizobium. Resumen En el presente trabajo de investigación se evaluó la influencia simbiótica de micorrizas en la producción de plantones de Caesalpinea spinosa L. Taya, así como la caracterización de cepas de hongos micorríticos, realizándose el trabajo en campo, vivero, y laboratorio. No se encontró nódulos como producto de bacterias nitrificantes en las raíces de las plantas de Caesalpinea spinosa L., y se identificó hongos ectomicorríticos en la rizósfera, tales como Basidiomicetes y especies de Rhizoctonia sp y Fusarium sp. De las evaluaciones el T4, supera a todos los tratamientos como en altura, diámetro de cuello, número de hojas, longitud de raíz, peso húmedo y peso seco de plántula.Concluyendo finalmente, diremos que la Caesalpinea spinosa L. taya, a pesar de pertenecer a la familia de las Leguminosas no presenta nodulación; pero la presencia de los hongos ectomicorríticos como los basidiomicetes en la rizósfera y el alto contenido de materia orgánica, influye positivamente en el incremento del volumen de la plántula en vivero, reflejado también en la absorción de proteínas y fosforo. Palabras clave: asociación micorrítica, plantones, rizobium.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF SEEDS, SEEDLINGS AND INITIAL GROWTH OF JACARANDA MIMOSIFOLIA D. DON. (BIGNONIACEAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamille Rabêlo de Oliveira ◽  
Clark Alberto Souza da Costa ◽  
Antonio Marcos Esmeraldo Bezerra ◽  
Haynna Fernandes Abud ◽  
Eliseu Marlônio Pereira de Lucena
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Jacaranda Mimosifolia

ABSTRACT This research aimed to characterize the biometry of seeds, the morphology of seedlings and to evaluate the initial growth of blue jacaranda trees (Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don.) in two environments with distinct luminosity. The biometry of 100 de-winged seeds was measured by their length, width and thickness. One hundred seeds were sown into 300 cm3 tubes and seedlings morphology was registered throughout the germination process using digital photographs disposed sequentially according to seedlings age. The initial growth analysis was performed in two environments, full sun and greenhouse, during nine periods, and arranged in a complete randomized design with subplots. The response variables were: number of leaves, plant height, collar diameter, root length, aerial and roots dry weight, and Dickson’s Quality Index (DQI). Biometry results showed seeds 7.09 - 9.26 mm long, 6.74 -9.39 mm wide, and 1.11 -1.89 mm thick. Germination is of hypogealphanerocotylar type, with first root arising six days after sown. Plants at full sun presented larger collar diameters, greater root dry weight and higher DQI as evaluation periods passed by. In conclusion, the biometry of seeds and the morphology of seedlings of blue jacaranda can be used to recognize this species in the field. Plants at full sun presented better development. Seedlings cultivated at full sun can be destined to recuperate forests and degraded areas just 36 weeks after sowed.

scholarly journals Caracterização morfobiométrica de frutos e sementes e superação da dormência em coronha (Acacia farnesiana)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
M. C. Vasconcelos ◽  
F. J. C. Moreira ◽  
M. L. S. Mesquista ◽  
L. G. Pinheiro Neto ◽  
M. C. M. R. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Native Plants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Defining Relations ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Measured Length

<p>O trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar morfobiometricamente frutos e sementes de <em>Acacia farnesiana</em> além de avaliar diferentes métodos de superação da sua dormência. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no período de setembro 2014 a janeiro de 2015. As vagens foram coletadas de plantas nativas, no distrito Madeira, Sobral-CE. Para a biometria, utilizou-se 50 vagens, onde foi mensurado: comprimento, diâmetro, peso e número de sementes por vagem. Posteriormente feito o mesmo com as sementes, comprimento, largura e peso. Para a superação da dormência, utilizou-se nove tratamentos, dispostos em DIC, sendo (sementes sem escarificação, imersão em água a 80 ºC por 10, 20, 30 e 40 minutos, na imersão em H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> concentrado por 10, 15, 20 e 25 minutos), com quatro repetições de 16 sementes cada. A avaliação de porcentagem de germinação - (%GER), realizou a contagem diária de plântulas emergidas, número de folhas (NF); altura da planta (AP); comprimento da raiz (CR); peso seco parte aérea (PSPA). Verificou-se que as vagens e sementes de <em>A. farnesiana</em> apresentam ampla variabilidade nas suas características biométricas, para as vagens com comprimento (4,2 – 6,8 cm), largura (0,72 – 3,22 cm) e peso de (2,2 – 3,9 cm); e para as sementes com comprimento (1,6 – 3,1 cm), largura (0,07 – 0,67 cm) e peso de (0,069 – 0,133 cm). A escarificação química em H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> nos tempos de 20 e 25 minutos e a imersão em H<sub>2</sub>O a 80 ºC por 20 e 30 minutos são os métodos mais eficientes na superação da dormência de sementes de coronha.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Biometric</em></strong><strong><em> characterization of fruits seeds and break dormancy in butt (</em></strong><em>Acacia</em><em> farnesiana<strong>)</strong></em></p><pre><strong>Abstract: </strong>The fruits of biometrics are an important tool to detect the genetic variability of a species, defining relations between variability and environmental factors. In view of this, the work aims to characterize biometric characteristics fruits and seeds of <em>Acacia farnesiana</em> and to evaluate different methods of overcoming its dormancy. The study was conducted from September 2014 to January 2015. The pods were collected from native plants, district of Madeira, Sobral-CE. For biometrics, we used 50 pods, which was measured: length, diameter, weight and number of seeds per pod. Later done the same with the seeds, length, width and weight. To overcome dormancy, we used nine treatments, arranged in DIC, and (seeds without scarification, immersion in water at 80 °C for 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes of immersion in concentrated H</pre><p><sub>2</sub></p><pre>SO</pre><p><sub>4</sub></p><pre> for 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes), with four replications of 16 seeds each. The germination percentage evaluation - (%GER), held daily counts of emerged seedlings, number of leaves (NF); plant height (AP); root length (CR); dry weight shoot (PSPA). It is found that the <em>A. farnesiana</em> pods and seeds have wide variability of their biometric characteristics, to pods with a length (4.2 to 6.8 cm), width (0.72 to 3.22 cm) and weight (2.2 to 3.9 cm); and seed with a length (1.6 to 3.1 cm), width (0.07 to 0.67 cm) and weight (0.069 to 0.133 cm). Chemical scarification in H</pre><p><sub>2</sub></p><pre>SO</pre><p><sub>4</sub></p><pre> in times of 20 and 25 minutes and immersion in H</pre><p><sub>2</sub></p><pre>O at 80 °C for 20 and 30 minutes are the most efficient methods to overcome dormancy of seeds of legume coronha.</pre>

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of garlic (Allium sativum L.) germplasm

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Md. Salahuddin ◽  
M.A. Rahim ◽  
S.M.Jakir Bin Alam ◽  
Md. Mahfujur Rahman ◽  
Jubaidur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Different Origins

AbstractA total of 25 garlic (Allium sativum L.) germplasm were collected from different location of Bangladesh and also from different countries of the world. Each germplasm was planted in each plot of 1m2 at the Allium Field Laboratory, Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. This study was conducted during October, 2010 to March, 2011 in the field, using randomized complete block design with three replications. All germplasm were characterized on number of leaves, height of plant, leaf length, fresh weight of leaf, dry weight of leaf, number of cloves per bulb, length and diameter of bulb, fresh weight of bulb, dry weight of bulb, yield per plot and yield per hectare. Analyses of variances showed that garlic germplasm with different origins were significantly different for all characters. Different germplasm resulted better performances but germplasm G49 from Vietnam gave the highest results in respect of number of leaves per plant (10.63), leaf length (43.57 cm), fresh leaf weight (92.47g), dry leaf weight (6.13g), fresh weight of bulb (21.37g), total number of cloves per bulb (42.13), bulb diameter (4.13cm), fresh weight of bulb (21.37g), dry weight of bulb (5.73g) and yield (9.83 t/ha) which could help future researchers in garlic selection program and improvement of yield.

scholarly journals Quality of Myracrodruon urundeuva seedlings in different container sizes and organic compost proportion

2019 ◽  
pp. 1309-1317
Author(s):  
Ésio de Castro Paes ◽  
Iara Oliveira Fernandes ◽  
Geise Bruna da Mata Camilo ◽  
Elisângela Gonçalves Pereira ◽  
Fabiane Pereira Machado Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Aerial Portion ◽  
Timber Tree ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Neck Diameter ◽  
Compost Soil ◽  
Organic Compost

Myracrodruon urundeuva, commonly known as black aroeira is a species regularly found in diverse Brazilian biomes, especially in the Caatinga. The species is a timber tree with great quality wood used extensively to construct buildings. The species has chemical components which confer high resistance and protection against pests, thus being used to prepare insecticides as well as cosmetics. Due to its diverse utilization and predatory exploration, the species has become an endangered species. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of organic compost and the size of the containers in the development of M. urundeuva seedlings. The experiment was performed in greenhouse in a factorial scheme 5 x 3, represented by 5 proportions of organic compost: soil (80, 60, 40, 20 and 0% of compost) and 3 container sizes (20x30, 18x22 and 12x18 cm), under a completely randomized statistical design with 5 replicates. The variables evaluated were: neck diameter; seedling height; number of leaves; length of the roots; dry weight of leaves; dry weight of stems; dry weight of the aerial portion; dry weight of roots; height/diameter ratio and Dickson’s quality index. There was significant interaction between treatments for all variables evaluated. When analyzing the containers individually or interacting with compost proportion, the container with volume of 1.335 dm³ was the most adequate for production of aroeira seedlings. Concerning compost proportion alone, the proportion of 40% proportioned the best results for all the evaluated parameters.

scholarly journals Morpho-physiological and mineral nutrient characterization of 45 collected Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) accessions

Bragantia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirul Alam ◽  
Abdul Shukor Juraimi ◽  
Mohd Rafii Yusop ◽  
Azizah Abdul Hamid ◽  
Abdul Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Value Net

This study was carried out to determine, evaluation and characterization of the morphological, physiological as well as mineral nutrient vitiations among all forty five purslane accessions collected from different locations of West Peninsular, Malaysia. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed for all those traits measured regarding morphological, physiological and mineral composition. Morphological traits viz. plant height varied between 20.06-40.8 cm; number of main branch, 1.4-4.4; number of nodes, 8.4-31; internode distance, 2.1-3.43 cm; stem diameter, 2.12-3.8 mm; number of leaves, 97-1019; leaf area, 1.03-2.21 cm², number of flowers, 14-826.8; root length, 5.09-11.7 cm; fresh weight, 40-280 g; and dry weight varied between 2.71-29.16 g. Among physiological traits, total chlorophyll content varied between 26.2-39.52 (SPAD value), net photosynthesis, 20.8-28.73 µmol CO2/m²/sec; stomatal conductance, 0.02-0.28 cm/sec; transpiration rate, 0.46-2.48 mol/m²/sec; and water vapor deficit varied between 0.51-2.65 mol H2O/m²/sec. Analysis of mineral macro and micro nutrient compositions showed that all accessions contained appreciable amount of essential nutrients. Among the macro nutrient elements; N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents ranged respectively between 31.2-100, 2.51-8.2, 78.4-276, 9.1-62.2 and 8.7-32.55 ppm. Whereas micro nutrient elements; Zn, Fe and Mn ranged respectively between 0.31-1.09; 1.01-13.09 and 0.06-1.32 ppm. This great variability among the purslane accessions may contribute enhancing the genetic improvement of the species for desired traits.

Characterization of frozen hydrated biological specimens by low-loss EELS

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1572-1573
Author(s):  
Songquan Sun ◽  
Richard D. Leapman
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Protein Solutions ◽  
Subcellular Compartment ◽  
Differential Shrinkage ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Analyses of ultrathin cryosections are generally performed after freeze-drying because the presence of water renders the specimens highly susceptible to radiation damage. The water content of a subcellular compartment is an important quantity that must be known, for example, to convert the dry weight concentrations of ions to the physiologically more relevant molar concentrations. Water content can be determined indirectly from dark-field mass measurements provided that there is no differential shrinkage between compartments and that there exists a suitable internal standard. The potential advantage of a more direct method for measuring water has led us to explore the use of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) for characterizing biological specimens in their frozen hydrated state.We have obtained preliminary EELS measurements from pure amorphous ice and from cryosectioned frozen protein solutions. The specimens were cryotransfered into a VG-HB501 field-emission STEM equipped with a 666 Gatan parallel-detection spectrometer and analyzed at approximately −160 C.

Effect of rhizobacteria strains on the induction of resistance in barley genotypes against Cochliobolus sativus

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Barley Genotypes

SummaryEnhancement of the resistance level in plants by rhizobacteria has been proven in several pathosystems. This study investigated the ability of four rhizobacteria strains (Pseudomonas putida BTP1 and Bacillus subtilis Bs2500, Bs2504 and Bs2508) to promote the growth in three barley genotypes and protect them against Cochliobolus sativus. Our results demonstrated that all tested rhizobacteria strains had a protective effect on barley genotypes Arabi Abiad, Banteng and WI2291. However, P. putida BTP1 and B. subtilis Bs2508 strains were the most effective as they reduced disease incidence by 53 and 38% (mean effect), respectively. On the other hand, there were significant differences among the rhizobacteria-treated genotypes on plant growth parameters, such as wet weight, dry weight, plant height and number of leaves. Pseudomonas putida BTP1 strain was the most effective as it significantly increased plant growth by 15-32%. In addition, the susceptible genotypes Arabi Abiad and WI2291 were the most responsive to rhizobacteria. This means that these genotypes have a high potential for increase of their resistance against the pathogen and enhancement of plant growth after the application of rhizobacteria. Consequently, barley seed treatment with the tested rhizobacteria could be considered as an effective biocontrol method against C. sativus.

Purification and characterization of an exochitinase from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai and its action against phytopathogenic fungi

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 651-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Morales de la Vega ◽  
J Eleazar Barboza-Corona ◽  
Maria G Aguilar-Uscanga ◽  
Mario Ramírez-Lepe
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Chitinolytic Enzyme ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis Subsp ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Fusarium Sp

A chitinolytic enzyme from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai has been purified and its molecular mass was estimated ca. 66 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate – polyacryamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE). The enzyme was able to hydrolyze chitin to chitobiosides but not carboxymethylcellulose, cellulose, pullulan, and laminarin. Optimal pH and temperature were detected at 6 and 50 °C, respectively. Stability, in the absence of substrate, was observed at temperatures less than 60 °C and pH between 5 and 8. Enzyme activity was significantly inhibited by K+ and EDTA and completely inhibited by Hg2+. Purified chitinase showed lytic activity against cell walls from six phytopathogenic fungi and inhibited the mycelial growth of both Fusarium sp. and Sclerotium rolfsii. The biocontrol efficacy of the enzyme was tested in the protection of bean seeds infested with six phytopathogenic fungi.Key words: chitinase, Bacillus thuringiensis, purification, phytopathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Sequencing and characterization of mitochondrial genome of Fusarium sp. (Hypocreales: Nectriaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-529
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Guiqi Bi ◽  
Daihua Lu ◽  
Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Fusarium Sp

scholarly journals Effect of Planting Date and Gibberellic Acid on the Growth and Yield of Garlic

2010 ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Islam ◽  
MH Reza ◽  
SMAHM Kamal ◽  
MA Wazed ◽  
KM Islam
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Local Cultivar ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Bulb Yield

An experiment was conducted with a local cultivar of garlic to study the effects of planting date and gibberellic acid on the growth and yield of garlic at the field laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2001 to April 2002. Early planting influenced the plant height, leaf number, bulb diameter and total dry matter. With the delay in planting time starting from November 7, the yield was chronologically reduced in later plantings. Significantly the highest bulb yield (2.67 t/ha) was recorded when planting was done on November 7 and lowest yield (0.92 t/ha) was obtained from December 22 planted crop. Bulb yield was higher in control plants than those of GA3 treated plants. The interaction effects of planting date and different concentrations of GA3 differed significantly in respect of plant height, number of leaves, bulb diameter and dry weight of roots, leaves and bulbs and yield of garlic.

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