Platelet Indices as Useful Indicators of Urinary Tract Infection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisha Akya ◽  
Zahra Rostami-Far ◽  
Roya Chegene Lorestani ◽  
Sedigheh Khazaei ◽  
Azam Elahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Platelet Indices ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Background: The changes of platelet parameters can be a useful index for rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI), since platelet changes are routinely determined through complete blood count (CBC) test. The correlation between platelet indices, included number (PLTs), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW), which are the indicators of production and function of platelets, with UTI was evaluated in this study.         Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 97 patients with UTI (patient group) and 117 healthy people (control group). The average age for the patient and the control group was 10.84±6.68 and 11.34±7.1 years old, respectively. This study was done during 2016-2018 in Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah, west of Iran. The PLT, MPV, PDW, and other inflammatory indices, including white blood cell, neutrophils, lymphocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated. The diagnosis of bacteria was done using routine microbiological and biochemical methods. The platelet indices were statistically compared between the patients and the control groups (T test and Chi square test). Results: The most common isolated gram negative and gram positive bacteria were E. coli, Citrobacter, and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. In the patient group, PLT number was significantly higher than that in the control group (p=0.0007), while difference of other indices such as MPV, PDW, neutrophils, lymphocytes, CRP, and ESR were not statistically significant between the two groups. In case of UTI with gram positive bacteria, PLT number (p=0.05) was lower but MPV (p=0.02) and PDW (p=0.045) was higher compared to the UTI with gram negative bacteria. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the platelet number could be a useful diagnostic index for urinary tract infection. However, more studies need to be done with higher number of patients to evaluate the more details of platelet changes during UTIs.

scholarly journals Platelet indices in children with urinary tract infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
Srinivasa S. ◽  
Pragyee Dhingra
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Platelet Distribution Width ◽  
Platelet Volume ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Platelet Indices

Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infection in children and may lead to serious morbidity like chronic pyelonephritis and renal scarring. Our hypothesis is that alteration of the platelet morphology can be a reliable index for early diagnosis and management of UTI without waiting for urine culture results. We try to demonstrate a link between the platelet indices and the type of organism, whether gram positive or gram negative to allow proper selection of the antibiotic regimen.Methods: It is a retrospective case control study where 35 urine culture proven cases and 35 cases of non UTI cases was taken as control. Children with haematological diseases affecting platelet were excluded. Platelet indices were taken including for MPV, PDW and platelet count and statistically analysed.Results: MPV and PDW were higher in patient with culture proven especially with gram positive organism.Conclusions: Although urine culture is considered as golden standard for diagnosis of urinary culture, it is time consuming. But early diagnosis can prevent renal parenchymal complications. Hence, we tried to find out other early, easy and sensitive method for detection of urinary tract infections in children. Platelet parameters (thrombocytosis, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width) is available in analyser report of any complete blood count with no added value. It was also found that gram positive organism has higher mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width as compared to gram negative organism.

scholarly journals Prevalence of SUL(1,2), GYR(A, B) and OXA genes among multidrug resistance Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates recovered from women suffering urinary tract infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2424-2432
Author(s):  
Nabil Salim Saaid Tuwaij ◽  
Huda Jameel Baker Al-khilkhali ◽  
Haneen Mohamed Mohsen
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Resistant Microorganism ◽  
Urine Specimens

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a significant concern multidrug-resistant microorganism and a one common gram negative bacteria associated with infections of women urinary tract. Therefore, this work aimed to the molecular screening of Sul(1and 2), Gyr(A and B) and OXA genes among K. pneumoniae isolates in Najaf City, Iraq. Out of 250 urine specimens were collected from women showing symptoms of urinary tract infection during five months January to of May 2019, bacterial growth was157 isolates, included 133 gram negative compared with  24 gram positive bacteria while 98 specimens were no growth. According to the Vitek-2 system, 30 K. pneumoniae isolates were obtained.Data on current work revealed that the 26-35 age group was the highest 14 K. pneumoniae isolates. Results of antimicrobial susceptible recorded all isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and they have a different range of resistance. However, all 30 isolates(100%) resistant to ampicillin drugs, while the lowest rate was 1(3.33%) forImipenemdrug. PCR assay revealed exist of oxa, sul-1, sul-2, gyr-A and gyr-B genes among K. pneumoniae isolates with rates 20(66.66%), 11(36.66%), 22(73.33%), 3(10%) and 17(56.66%) respectively.

scholarly journals Rapid Screening of Urinary Tract Infection and Discrimination of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria by Automated Flow Cytometric Analysis Using Sysmex UF-5000

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seon Young Kim ◽  
Yumi Park ◽  
Hyunjin Kim ◽  
Jimyung Kim ◽  
Sun Hoe Koo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

ABSTRACT Rapid screening of urinary tract infection is important to determine antibiotic treatment and reduce unnecessary urine culture. We evaluated the performance of the new flow cytometry-based UF-5000 automated urine analyzer (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan). A total of 1,430 urine samples from 1,226 patients were analyzed and compared to urine cultures to which a Previ Isola (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) system was applied. In total, 878 of 1,430 urine cultures (61.4%) produced ≥103 CFU/ml bacterial growth (309 with Gram-negative [GN] bacteria, 517 with Gram-positive [GP] bacteria, and 52 mixed cultures), with 336 samples (23.5%) presenting ≥105 CFU/ml bacterial growth. The ≥105 CFU/ml bacterial growth was detected by a ≥71 bacteria/μl UF-5000 bacterial count with 95% sensitivity and 84% specificity. Using a cutoff of <15 bacteria/μl to determine whether or not to culture, 50.9% of samples were below the cutoff, 94.8 and 99.5% of which presented <104 and <105 CFU/ml of bacterial growth, respectively. The bacterial discrimination performance of the UF-5000 for GN bacteria was superior to that for GP bacteria, and in ≥105 CFU/ml monobacterial samples, the sensitivity and specificity for reporting GN bacteria were 91.7 and 90.0%, respectively. In summary, UF-5000 demonstrated potential utility for the rapid screening of negative bacterial cultures. However, this utility is dependent on the patient population; cutoff optimizations must be performed for specific populations. In addition, UF-5000 presented improved performance in characterizing GP and GN bacteria, although the concurrence rates were not high enough to replace routine cultures.

scholarly journals Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Tract Infection Bacterial Isolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2820-2830
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Recently, the world's problem has become in the spread of microbes and the extent of their impact on public health, especially the problem of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Therefore, the purpose of the study was to clarify the extent of infection of the urinary tract and the extent of development of these microbes in resistance to antibiotics (antibiotic susceptibility pattern). The pathogens are isolated from hospitals and private medical centers. In this study, two hundred twenty-five urine samples were collected from various sources, where 126 patients were infected with bacteria while 99 patients had no infection. In Gram-negative bacteria, the most common bacteria were E. coli (55.5%) followed by Klebsiella spp (23.0%), Proteus spp (7.14%), Pseudomonas spp (6.34%), and Acinetobacter spp (3.96%). In the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus spp (2.38%) and Enterococcus spp (1.58%) were found. Antibiotic susceptibilities for Gram-negative and positive bacteria were investigated according to clinical laboratory standard institute(CLSI 2019). In Gram-negative bacteria, Amikcin, Impinem, and levofloxacin were sensitive. However, in Gram-positive bacteria, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and linezolid were sensitive. At the same time, most of the remaining antibiotics are 100% resistant to pathogenic-bacterial isolates. This study showed bacteria that are isolated from urine which causing urinary tract infection and showed resistance to almost all antibiotics, so UTI is difficult to treat by common antibiotics.

scholarly journals Quinolone resistance in different uropathogens isolated from urine cultures in patients with urinary tract infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Angel Almeida Villegas ◽  
Iris Mellolzy Estrada Carrillo ◽  
Rodolfo Garcia Contreras ◽  
Silvia Patricia Peña
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractObjectiveTo identify patterns of resistance against quinolones in various uropathogens in urinary tract infections in the population of the Toluca valley, MexicoIntroductionQuinolones are antibiotics with a spectrum of activity for both gram-positives and gram-negatives and are antibiotics used for the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections. Recently, a high index of resistance to quinolones has been reported due to different mechanisms on the part of bacteria, however the one that has taken the greatest importance is the presence of extended spectrum beta-lactamasesMethods155 samples were collected from patients with suspected urinary tract infection without exclusion criteria such as age or gender. Automated equipment was used for the identification of the etiological agent and sensitivity tests to quinolones.ResultsThe results positives were divided to evaluate which of the two antibiotics studied had greater resistance. For ciprofloxacin there are 27 resistant strains 37%, 1 strain with intermediate resistance 1% and 45 susceptible strains 62%. For levofloxacin 26 strains are resistant 36%, 41 strains are sensitive 56% and 6 strains show intermediate sensitivity 8%.ConclusionDifferent microorganisms, both gram-positive and gram-negative, were isolated and it can be observed that gram-negative strains are the ones with the greatest resistance against quinolones, mainly Escherichia coli, which produces extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, in the case of gram-positive resistance patterns are variable with a tendency towards sensitivity.

Antimicrobial Activity of Herbal Mixture Extract Combination on Microorganisms Isolated from Urinary Tract infection

Bionatura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1346-1351
Author(s):  
Risala H Allami ◽  
Raghad S. Mouhamad ◽  
Sura A. Abdulateef ◽  
Khlood abedalelah al-Khafaji
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most common infection after respiratory tract infection. Its prevalence is more in women as compared to men. Approximately 50% of women have an infection of the Urinary tract in their life-time. The bacterial infection is one of the most important bioactivity; using their ability to imitate evanish then distributes international fitness problems into the 21st centenary. Thus a recent study was undertaken to investigate the antibacterial activity of a mixture of three medicinal plants against UTI infectious isolates. The three considered plants were (Aloe vera, Artemisia herba alba and Teucrium polium), which were used in Iraqi medicine for many centuries. The effectiveness of this combination was investigated using in vitro well diffusion method. The extract was tested against four isolated pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp, and Proteus spp). The aqueous extract exhibited antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The mixture extract had the highest effect against S. aureus and Proteus spp, followed by a lower effect on Klebsiella spp. In conclusion, the antibacterial effect of the tested plant extracts confirmed a higher impact on Gram-positive bacteria as compared to Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, it can be concluded that the usage of these plants as a traditional medicine form can be considered as a strong assistant to regular medicine drugs and treatments.

scholarly journals Etiology of urinary tract infection and drug resistance cases of uropathogenes

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
CP Bhatt ◽  
B Shrestha ◽  
S Khadka ◽  
S Swar ◽  
B Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Culture Positive

Background: Multidrug resistant bacterial isolates have been frequently reported from different parts of the world as emerging treatment problem. Objectives: The study was conducted to find out etiology of urinary tract infection and drug resistance trend among clinical pathogens in urinary tract. Methods: Mid-stream urine samples from patients suspected of urinary tract infection were collected for routine culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing and were processed according to the standard laboratory methods. Results: In this study 41.7% urine samples showed significant bacterial growth. Gram negative bacteria were the predominant organisms. Among them Escherichia coli was the predominant isolate (85.1%) whereas Enterococcus faecalis (40.6%), was the major Gram positive isolate. Among culture positive cases organisms were isolated in highest frequency (29.5%) in the age group 21 to 30 years. Urinary tract infections were found more common in females (61.1%) than in males (38.9%). Nitrofurantoin (82.2%) and Ofloxacin (57.8%) were found to be the most effective drugs against Gram negative organisms, whereas for Gram positive organisms, Nitrofurantoin (87.5%) and Gentamycin (78.1%) were found to be the most effective drugs. Escherichia coli was found sensitive to Nitrofurantoin (89.3%) followed by Ofl oxacin (63.3%). Enterococcus faecalis was most susceptible to Nitrofurantion (92.3%) followed by Cotrimoxazole (76.9%). Conclusion: In this study, among the participants 41.7% had culture positive urinary tract infection. Drug resistance was found to be high in both Gram negative and Gram positive organisms. The high prevalence of drug resistance among urinary tract infection patients calls for the need of judicious measures for control of this infection and knowledge of patterns of resistance helps in deciding empirical therapy for urinary tract infection. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v1i2.8150 Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, Vol. 1, No. 2, Oct.-Dec., 2012: 114-120

scholarly journals Prevalence Of Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection And Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Yenehun Worku ◽  
Yerega alamneh belete ◽  
Woldaregay Erku Abegaz
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
High Level ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by colonization and growth of microorganisms within the urinary system. Diabetic patients are more prone to bacterial urinary tract infections due to impaired host defense and high glucose concentration in urine. Surveillance of urinary tract pathogens and their antibiogram is a key to patient management. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bacterial UTI and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns (AST) among diabetes patients. Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July, 2018. Two hundred twenty-five mid-stream urine samples were collected for culture and identification based on the standard protocol. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done for all positive urine cultures by Kirby Bauer's disk diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.2.1 and exported to the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20 statistical software. Binary and multiple logistic regression test results were used.Results: The study result revealed 9.8% overall UTI prevalence. Five species of bacterial uropathogens were isolated. Among these, E. coli (63.6%) was the leading followed by K. pneumoniae (13.6%). In this study, significant bacteriuria was strongly associated with duration of diabetics, previous UTI and symptomatic UTI. Gram-negative bacterial isolates showed high level of sensitivity (100%) to nitrofurantoin and meropenem. On the contrary, high level of resistance (100 %) for ampicillin, doxycycline, cefuroxime, and (94.4 %) amoxacillin-clavulanate were observed. No resistance was observed among gram positive bacterial isolates except penicillin (100 % resistance). Over all prevalence of MDR was 100 % For Gram-negative bacteria.Conclusion: Presence of previous urinary tract infection and duration of diabetes were found as important factors that increase the prevalence of UTI among diabetes patients. This study also showed high prevalence of drug resistance to doxycycline, amoxacillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime and penicillin for both Gram- negative and Gram- positive bacteria. Therefore, since therapeutic selection for empirical treatment and management should be based on the knowledge of the local bacterial profile and antimicrobial response, we suggest physicians take this high resistance profile in to consideration when prescribing antimicrobials against the pathogens in question.

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