scholarly journals Microbial Contamination of Handmade Sauce Used by Street Food Vendors in Jashore, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hossain ◽  
B.K. Dey
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Street Food ◽  
The Public ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Contaminated handmade street foods are often claimed to occur food-borne diseases, especially in developing countries. Therefore, considering the public health issue, this study was conducted to assess the microbial contamination of handmade sauce used by street food vendors in Jashore, Bangladesh. Methods: A total of 30 samples of Plum Sauce (PS) and Tomato Sauce (TS) were collected from Jashore district, Bangladesh. The quantitative microbial tests were done by dilution plate technique. Identification of particular bacterial group or species was performed using selective media. All the data related to microbial count were subjected to ANOVA test using SPSS version 21.0. Results: All the sauce samples contained viable Enterobacteriaceae cells; whereas 80% and 83.33% of the total samples were found to be contaminated with Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli, respectively. Total viable bacterial cells found in the samples ranged from 1.2×103 to 4.2×109 Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g. In addition, total Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli counts ranged from 30 to 2.0×107 and from 0 to 7.0×105 CFU/g, respectively. Although PS samples contained a higher amount of Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli compared to TS, no significant difference (p>0.05) was found. Conclusion: The consumption of street foods is of great concern in Bangladesh. Making the vendors aware of sanitary practices is too crucial that could be achieved through training of the vendors at the root level of the country. Furthermore, it is necessary to monitor the street foods frequently by the national authorities.

scholarly journals Microbial indices of industrial and traditional medicinal herbs in Ahvaz, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Abdolghani Ameri ◽  
Maryam Ekhtelat ◽  
Sara Shamsaei
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Total Count ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microbial Indices

Introduction. Medicinal herbs are susceptible to microbial contamination which can have profound effects on the consumer’s health. Our study aimed to evaluate microbial contamination of common medicinal herbs in Ahvaz. Study objects and methods. We collected 80 samples of traditional and industrial medicinal plants from the supply market, namely valeriana, fennel, licorice, and shirazi thyme. The reference method was used to determine microbial indices such as the total count of microorganisms, yeast and mold, Bacillus cereus, coliforms, and Escherichia coli. Results and discussion. We found that the total microbial count, yeast and mold, B. cereus, and coliform contamination accounted for 45, 77, 55, and 55% of the total samples, respectively, exceeding the allowed limits. There was a significant difference between the industrial and traditional samples in fungal and coliform contamination, with the traditional samples being more highly contaminated. However, no significant difference was observed between them in total count and B. cereus contamination. E. coli contamination was detected in 31.2% of the samples, mostly in traditional. Total microbial count and yeast and mold contamination were highest among valeriana plants. Fennel showed the highest B. cereus and coliform contamination. The lowest contamination was observed in licorice. Conclusion. The results showed that a considerable percentage of the medicinal herbs under study were contaminated at levels exceeding the standard limits. Plants could be contaminated during harvesting, processing or storage. Finally, different species of plants have different antimicrobial activities that affect their microbial contamination.

scholarly journals Microbial Quality of Ready-to-Eat Street Vended Food Groups Sold in the Johannesburg Metropolis, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.V. Asiegbu ◽  
S.L. Lebelo ◽  
F.T. Tabit
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Street Food ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: In many developing countries, the risk of contracting a food-borne disease is high after consuming contaminated ready-to-eat Street-Vended Foods (SVFs). The main objective of this research was to assess the microbiological quality of SVF groups sold in the Johannesburg Metropolis, South Africa. Methods: A stratified random sampling procedure was used for collecting the ready-toeat SVF samples. Methods prescribed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) were used for analyses for aerobic colony count, Enterobacteriaceae count, presence of Escherichia coli O15:H7, detection of Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. The bacterial isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics V25.0. Results: Of the 205 ready-to-eat SVF samples, 85.37% had aerobic growth. The vast majority (78.18%) of the 110 ready-to-eat SVF samples had Enterobacteriaceae growth. From the 110 SVF samples, the prevalence rates of L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, Salmonella spp., and E. coli O15:H7 were 46.36, 31.8, 21.8, and 1.8%, respectively. There was no statistical significant difference (p>0.05) in the prevalence rates of L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, Salmonella spp., and E. coli O15:H7 in the various SVF groups. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the microbial quality and safety of ready-to-eat SVFs sold in the Johannesburg Metropolis remain a serious public health concern. Hence, it is necessary to educate street food vendors and enforce food safety legislation in the street food sector in the country.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in meat in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 812-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Iyer ◽  
Taha Kumosani ◽  
Soonham Yaghmoor ◽  
Elie Barbour ◽  
Esam Azhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Butcher Shops

Introduction: Food-borne pathogens are the leading cause of illness and death in developing countries, killing approximately 1.8 million people annually. In developed countries, food-borne pathogens are responsible for millions of cases of infectious gastrointestinal diseases each year, costing billions of dollars. The objective of this study was to screen for two major food-borne pathogens, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., from meat samples obtained from different strata of the consumer market in Jeddah. Methodology: A total of 60 meat samples, 20 each from large hypermarkets, groceries and small butcher shops were used in the study. Samples were transported to the laboratory in a cooler. They were macerated in peptone water and then seeded on selective media appropriate for each organism. Colonies were identified using conventional microbiological methods and suspected colonies were confirmed as E. coli and Salmonella spp. by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. Results: The results indicated a high degree of contamination in samples from butcher shops as compared to those from groceries or hypermarkets (high scale supermarkets). Both pathogens E. coli and Salmonella spp. were found in higher rates in the samples from butcher shops. In small butcher shops, E. coli was found at an incidence of 65%, and Salmonella at 45%. Conclusion: The results indicate an urgent need for applying proper food hygienic practices in food outlets, especially in small ones, to reduce the incidence of food-borne diseases. Vigilance by the right agencies must be implemented in order to prevent future food-borne outbreaks.

Microbial Contamination Occurring on Lamb Carcasses Processed in the United States

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. DUFFY ◽  
K. E. BELK ◽  
J. N. SOFOS ◽  
S. B. LeVALLEY ◽  
M. L. KAIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
Tissue Surface ◽  
Plate Counts

Lamb carcasses (n = 5,042) were sampled from six major lamb packing facilities in the United States over 3 days during each of two visits (fall or winter, October through February; spring, March through June) in order to develop a microbiological baseline for the incidence (presence or absence) of Salmonella spp. and for populations of Escherichia coli after 24 h of chilling following slaughter. Samples also were analyzed for aerobic plate counts (APC) and total coliform counts (TCC). Additionally, incidence (presence or absence) of Campylobacter jejuni/coli on lamb carcasses (n = 2,226) was determined during the slaughtering process and in the cooler. All samples were obtained by sponge-sampling the muscle-adipose tissue surface of the flank, breast, and leg of lamb carcasses (100 cm2 per site; 300 cm2 total). Incidence of Salmonella spp. in samples collected from chilled carcasses was 1.5% for both seasons combined, with 1.9% and 1.2% of fall or winter and spring samples being positive, respectively. Mean (log CFU/cm2) APC, TCC, and E. coli counts (ECC) on chilled lamb carcasses across both seasons were 4.42, 1.18, and 0.70, respectively. APC were lower (P < 0.05) in samples collected in the spring versus fall or winter, while TCC were higher in samples collected in the spring. There was no difference (P > 0.05) between ECC from samples collected in the spring versus winter. Only 7 out of 2,226 total samples (0.3%) tested positive for C. jejuni/coli, across all sampling sites. These results should be useful to the lamb industry and regulatory authorities as new regulatory requirements for meat inspection become effective.

scholarly journals Identification and antibiogram study of bacteria isolated from different street food

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-287
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ahmed Khalif ◽  
Md Khaled Hossain ◽  
Nazmi Ara Rumi ◽  
Md Shajedur Rahman ◽  
Md Aoulad Hosen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Street Vendor ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Shigella Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Food borne diseases are an increasingly recognized problem involving a wide spectrum of illnesses caused by bacterial contamination of food.Microorganism poses potential human health problems and is mainly transmitted through consumption of contaminated foods .Bangladesh is one of the densely populated country where majority of the people consume cheap foods prepared in unlicensed food selling points. The objective of the present study was to investigate the microbiological quality of different street food (Amra, Fusca, Chanachur and Guava) sold by various street vendor at Dinajpur, Bangladesh. A total of 20 samples were collected randomly from street vendors and tested for the presence of bacteria following standard microbiological method used for isolation, enumaration and identification of bacreria. Among the samples all had bacterial contamination. The total viable count (TVC) in diferrent street food samples was ranged from 8.0 × 105 CFU/g to 6.7x107 CFU/g. Among samples Escherichia coli 7(35%), Staphylococcus spp. 6(30%), Klebsiella spp. 5(25%), Salmonella spp. 1(5%) and Shigella spp. 1 (5%) were isolated. Escherichia coli were found highest 3(50%) Amra samples and 2(40%) Guava samples, then another organisms Staphylococcus spp. was found highest 2(50%) Chanachur and 2(40%) Fusca samples and then Klebsiella spp. was found highest 2(40%) Fusca samples. Antibiotic sensitivity test showed that Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Salmonella spp. were resistance to Gentamycin. All isolates found resistant to Cefixime, Cefalexin, Erythromycin, Fusidic acid, Cefuroxime and Aztreonam. All of the sample harbor multidrug resistant food borne bacteria which might cause public health hazards if these antibiotic resistance transfer to human.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2018, 4(3): 279-287

Multidrug resistant Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli from a popular Ready-to-Eat local food (Fufu) from commercial food vendors in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courage Kosi Setsoafia Saba ◽  
Akosua Bonsu Karikar ◽  
Enoch Yeleliere ◽  
Patrick Takyi ◽  
Stephen Wilson Kpordze
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Microbial contamination of vended foods are of public health importance due to the potential of becoming a reservoir of foodborne pathogens and resistant strains of bacteria. This study looked at the presence of pathogenic bacteria in a popular Ready-To-Eat (RTE) traditional food, Fufu in Ghana. Sixty (60) Fufu samples were obtained from various food joints categorized as Opened, Semi-closed and Closed or Restaurants. Samples were processed and analyzed using standard bacteriological methods. The susceptibility profiles of the isolates were obtained by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method with the EUCAST guidelines with the five antibiotics. Prevalence of E. coli was 85% and Salmonella species was 68%. Microbial count of isolated E. coli ranged from 0 to 3×106 cfu/ml. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) among the different modes of operations. Fufu samples from Opened, Semi-closed and Closed joints were respectively contaminated with E. coli and Salmonella species as follows: 92%, 76%; 80%, 60% and 80%, 65%. The Salmonella species showed highest resistance to erythromycin (58.5%) and E. coli species were commonly resistant to Ceftazidime (88.2%) and Ceftriaxone (94.1%). All isolates were susceptible to nitrofurantoin. Multidrug resistance was detected among 27.5% of E. coli strains and 14.6% of Salmonella species. Fufu from the different eating joints in the Tamale Metropolis were substantially contaminated with multidrug resistant pathogens. The study recommends surveillance studies of resistant pathogens in foods, increased education and training of food vendors on sanitation, food handling and safety practices in the region.

Abstract 252: Resuscitation in Prehospital Stage: Effectiveness and Influencing Factors

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Abula ◽  
Aija Maca ◽  
Oskars Kalejs
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Successful Resuscitation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Background: Sudden cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death is one of the leading causes of death all over the world. Of particular importance is out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) - an important overworld public health issue. In order to help these people and improve their chances of survival, it is necessary to provide assistance as soon as possible. Bystanders are usually non-medical persons why it is more complicated to implement. The objectives of the study were to research effectiveness and influencing factors of resuscitation in prehospital stage and create suggestions and methodical recommendations as possible. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was developed, which summarizes and analyzes the electronic call cards (IEK) of the Emergency Medical service of Latvia (EMS) for 2018 and 2019. IEK were selected that identified “successful resuscitation” and “unsuccessful resuscitation” as a complication of diagnosis (classification developed and validated by EMS of Latvia). Results: Overall 2538 resuscitations were performed, of which 27,6% were successful resuscitation. About a quarter (24,2%) of all resuscitations happened in a public place. The increase in the number of successful resuscitations is observed for resuscitation events that happened in public places. In most of cardiac arrest cases, bystanders did not perform CPR (60,3%). Arrival time of EMS in 2018 was 7,52 - 8,44 minutes and in 2019 was 7,75 - 8,23 minutes. The research shows that approximately 23% of cases the first monitored rhythm by EMS were VF/pVT. There is a significant difference in the increase in successful resuscitations if EMS performed defibrillation during the call. Conclusions: The most important influencing factors in the outcome of resuscitation are the patient’s age, the location, the first aid provided by bystanders, the time until the arrival of EMS and the first observed heart rhythm in a patient with cardiac arrest. It is necessary to create a register of AED (automated external defibrillator) devices in Latvia and their locations, to ensure the availability of data to the EMS service and the public.

Effect of sunlight on the infectivity ofCryptosporidium parvumin seawater

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1101-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abid M. Nasser ◽  
Lital Telser ◽  
Yeshayahu Nitzan
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum Oocysts ◽  
Dark Conditions ◽  
Seawater Samples

The prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms in seawater can result in waterborne and food borne outbreaks. This study was performed to determine the effect of sunlight and salinity on the die-off of Cryptosporidium parvum . Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, Escherichia coli , and MS2 coliphage were seeded into tap water and seawater samples and then exposed to sunlight. The die-off of C. parvum in seawater, as measured by infectivity, was greater under sunlight (–3.08 log10) than under dark conditions (–1.31 log10). While, no significant difference was recorded in the die-off of C. parvum, under dark conditions, in tap water as compared to seawater (P < 0.05), indicating that the synergistic effect of salinity and sunlight was responsible for the enhanced die-off in seawater. The die-off of MS2 coliphage and E. coli was greater than that observed for C. parvum under all tested conditions. This indicates that these microorganisms cannot serve as indicators for the presence of C. parvum oocysts in seawaters. The results of the study suggest that C. parvum can persist as infectious oocysts for a long time in seawater and can thus pose a serious hazard by direct and indirect contact with humans.

scholarly journals Bacterial Analysis and Survey of the Street Food of Kathmandu in Relation to Child Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
R Tuladhar ◽  
Anjana Singh
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Hygiene Practice ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Street Food ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Food Borne Illness ◽  
Dominant Bacteria

Analysis of street foods of Kathmandu for bacterial contamination was performed in 12 different street foods. The surveillance study was carried in 200 children of primary grade from public school and 12 street vendors for the health hygiene and hazards associated with street food. Poor hygiene practice in preparation and handling of street food has been observed in the vendors. The lack of the knowledge in vendors about the source of bacterial contamination and absence of surveillance on street food has subjected street food to the high potential for food borne illness. The inadequate safety measure adopted by the targeted consumers of street food, the children, has augmented the risk associated with street food. All the food samples analyzed were contaminated with bacteria. The mesophilic count was recorded highest in Panipuri while as coliform count was highest in Chana tarkari. The least count of both was observed in Aaloo chop . Highest number of Staphylococccus aureus was found in Kerau (1.5X103cfu/g) and lowest in Momo (8.3 cfu/g). The dominant bacteria contaminating the food was S. aureus followed by Bacillus alvei, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Serratia sp., S. saprophyticus. The contaminated hand and clothing of the person who prepare food are the major source of S. aureus. Highest percentage of E. coli found in Panipuri must be due to the use of contaminated water. Chana chatpate and Chana tarkari were the foods found to be contaminated with Salmonella sp. The type of food and the degree of hygiene practice adopted by vendor refl ects the type and magnitude of bacterial contamination. Implementation of hygienic practices in vendors may reduce the contamination of street food and health education of the school children will curtail the incidences of food borne illness. Periodical monitoring of quality of street food will avoid any future outbreaks of bacterial pathogen.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 26, 2012: 1-9

scholarly journals CsgA Production by Escherichia coli O157:H7 Alters Attachment to Abiotic Surfaces in Some Growth Environments

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (20) ◽  
pp. 7339-7344 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Goulter-Thorsen ◽  
E. Taran ◽  
I. R. Gentle ◽  
K. S. Gobius ◽  
G. A. Dykes
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Force Mapping

ABSTRACTThe role of curli expression in attachment ofEscherichia coliO157:H7 to glass, Teflon, and stainless steel (SS) was investigated through the creation ofcsgAknockout mutants in two isolates ofE. coliO157:H7. Attachment assays using epifluorescence microscopy and measurements of the force of adhesion of bacterial cells to the substrates using atomic force microscopy (AFM) force mapping were used to determine differences in attachment between wild-type (wt) andcsgA-negative (ΔcsgA) strains following growth in four different media. The hydrophobicity of the cells was determined using contact angle measurements (CAM) and bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons (BATH). The attachment assay results indicated that ΔcsgAstrains attached to glass, Teflon, and SS surfaces in significantly different numbers than their wt counterparts in a growth medium-dependent fashion (P< 0.05). However, no clear correlation was seen between attachment numbers, surface type, or growth medium. No correlation was seen between BATH and CAM results (R2< 0.70). Hydrophobicity differed between the wt and ΔcsgAin some cases in a growth medium- and method-dependent fashion (P< 0.05). AFM force mapping revealed no significant difference in the forces of adhesion to glass and SS surfaces between wt and ΔcsgAstrains (P> 0.05) but a significantly greater force of adhesion to Teflon for one of the two wt strains than for its ΔcsgAcounterpart (P< 0.05). This study shows that CsgA production byE. coliO157:H7 may alter attachment behavior in some environments; however, further investigation is required in order to determine the exact relationship between CsgA production and attachment to abiotic surfaces.

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