MULTIPLE DICTIONARY FOR SPARSE MODELING

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-376
Author(s):  
Rachel Correia ◽  
Shonal D’mello ◽  
Primeya Dmonti ◽  
Jerina Figer
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Sparse Coding ◽  
Recent Model ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Wavelet Representation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Redundant Representations ◽  
Made In

Much of the progress made in image processing in the past decades can be attributed to better modeling of image content, and a wise deployment of these models in relevant applications. In this paper, we review the role of this recent model in image processing, its rationale, and models related to it. As it turns out, the field of image processing is one of the main beneficiaries from the recent progress made in the theory and practice of sparse and redundant representations. Sparse coding is a key principle that underlies wavelet representation of images. Sparse representation based classification has led to interesting image recognition results, while the dictionary used for sparse coding plays a key role in it. In general, the choice of a proper dictionary can be done using one of two ways: i) building asparsifying  dictionary based on a mathematical model of the data, or ii) learning a dictionary to perform best on a training set.

The Role of Histones and Heparin in Sepsis: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 088506662199232
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Zhang ◽  
Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Extracellular Histones ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock ◽  
Development And Management ◽  
Made In

Septic shock with multiple organ failure is a devastating situation in clinical settings. Through the past decades, much progress has been made in the management of sepsis and its underlying pathogenesis, but a highly effective therapeutic has not been developed. Recently, macromolecules such as histones have been targeted in the treatment of sepsis. Histones primarily function as chromosomal organizers to pack DNA and regulate its transcription through epigenetic mechanisms. However, a growing body of research has shown that histone family members can also exert cellular toxicity once they relocate from the nucleus into the extracellular space. Heparin, a commonly used anti-coagulant, has been shown to possess life-saving capabilities for septic patients, but the potential interplay between heparin and extracellular histones has not been investigated. In this review, we summarize the pathogenic roles of extracellular histones and the therapeutic roles of heparin in the development and management of sepsis and septic shock.

The Concept of the ‘Living Constitution’ in Russian Constitutional Theory and Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 416-445
Author(s):  
Caroline von Gall
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
Constitutional Theory ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Margin Of Appreciation

Abstract In discussing the concept of the ‘living constitution’ in Russian constitutional theory and practice, this paper shows that the Russian concept of the living constitution differs from U.S. or European approaches to evolutive interpretation. The Russian concept has its roots in Soviet and pre-revolutionary Russian constitutional thinking. It reduces the normative power of the Constitution but allows an interpretation according to changing social conditions and gives the legislator a broad margin of appreciation. Whereas the 1993 Russian constitutional reform had been regarded as a paradigm shift with the intention to break with the past by declaring that the Constitution shall have supreme judicial force and direct effect, the paper also gives answers to the complexity of constitutional change and legal transplants and the role of constitutional theory and practice for the functioning of the current authoritarian regime in Russia.

Ectomycorrhizae in the Agaricales and Gasteromycetes

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 909-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orson K. Miller Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Biological Role ◽  
Spore Morphology ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Body Form ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Fungal Succession ◽  
The Past ◽  
Made In

Over the past decade much progress has been made in an effort to determine which fungi are mycorrhizal symbionts. It is now apparent that one ectomycorrhizal or ectendomycorrhizal host is often able to form mycorrhizae with a wide variety of higher fungi. Evidence is presented which supports the hypothesis that fungal succession occurs as the host matures. In addition, fungi which are normally ectomycorrhizal may sometimes form endomycorrhizae on different hosts or under altered ecological conditions. There has also been much evolution in fruiting-body form and mode of spore discharge especially under severe montane or desert conditions. As a result patterns are emerging in the Homobasidiomycetes at the order, family, and generic level in the evolution of the mycorrhizal habit. Spore morphology, habitat, and distribution are listed and discussed in relation to the biological role of the fungi.

The Role of Biography in Writing the History of Archaeology (1992)

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas R. Givens
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
History Of Archaeology ◽  
History Of Anthropology ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Past Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
Institutional Influences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

The history of any discipline involves the explanation of its past and how the past has influenced its development through time. Its ‘objects are events which have finished happening, and conditions no longer in existence. Only when they are no longer perceptible do they become objects of historical thought’ (Collingwood 1946: 233). Writing the history of archaeology involves the analysis of past events and of the contributions that individual archaeologists have made to its development through time. The roles of individuals in archaeology are best seen in biographical accounts of their labours and in the contributions to the discipline that they have made. In general, historians of archaeological science, who are interested in explaining the roles of the individuals in its development, must focus their attention on three important items. First, the most important item is evidence that something has occurred. If individuals’ contributions have no basis in truth and cannot be justified, then they are of no value to the historian of archaeology. Second, the historical picture of individuals’ lives and work must have defined boundaries in space and time. These provide the area of focus for study and description of individuals’ activities. Third, the efforts of individual practitioners must be couched within the intellectual climate in which they are made. Individuals’ contributions are not made in an intellectual vacuum, apart from collegial or institutional influences. Biography, as a tool for writing the history of archaeology, must embrace all of these requisites. For those engaged in explaining archaeology’s past, historical evidence of event and period provide the foundation upon which we can trace our science’s development. Studying and evaluating past work can be helpful in separating useful and outdated methodologies of the field and laboratory. Moreover, the study of the history of anthropology may give the anthropologist needed ‘distance from their own theoretical and methodological preoccupations’ (Darnell 1974: 2). What we see anthropology today as being is certainly not what the ultimate science of humankind will be in the future.

scholarly journals Sciences and audiences along the last century: the impact of Astronomy Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (S349) ◽  
pp. 474-478
Author(s):  
Rosa M. Ros ◽  
Beatriz Garca
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Teachers ◽  
Astronomy Education ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In ◽  
Science Activities

AbstractJust as in the past, the development of the natural sciences and in particular of astronomy has changed the history of humanity. If we think about the role of our discipline into the future, it shows its enormous power in the field of education, owing to the possibility of awakening interest in science in very varied audiences. Within the framework of the enormous progress made in the technologies related to astronomy, many of them of daily use, the role of the astronomer in the era of Communications acquires fundamental importance.In this presentation, we will try to make a journey through the different ways of presenting astronomical topics for different audiences over the last 100 years. In turn, we will show some specific achievements, associated with education programmes of the discipline. We discuss the impact produced by proposals that are both rigorous in terms of content, and also appeal to the development of the human being in an integral manner, within the framework of citizen science activities.For this research, we have taken into account the uninterrupted development of the NASE programme, which has performed 112 courses in 24 countries throughout the world and in different languages. NASE has involved 4966 secondary teachers in the last eight years.

On the Role of Sparse and Redundant Representations in Image Processing

2010 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 972-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Elad ◽  
Mário A. T. Figueiredo ◽  
Yi Ma
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Redundant Representations

scholarly journals Strategic management: A perspective on the development of the field of strategic management and the contribution of the Irish Journal of Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-41
Author(s):  
Patrick Gibbons ◽  
Sharkey Scott ◽  
Cormac Mac Fhionnlaoich
Keyword(s):  
Irish Journal ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Management Journal ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Discipline ◽  
Structural Roots ◽  
Made In

Abstract This paper analyses the progress made in the field of strategic management over the past three decades. One approach to analysing a discipline’s trajectory is to explore its exemplary research. We review the papers awarded the Dan and Mary Lou Schendel, Strategic Management Society (SMS) Best Paper Award of the Strategic Management Journal (SMJ) since 1993, to demonstrate the emergence of strategic management as a specific discipline with a distinct view of how firms generate competitive advantage. Our paper interprets the development of the discipline from its market-based and structural roots to attempts to decipher the ‘black box’ of the organisation in analysing capabilities, particularly dynamic capabilities, and resources. Our study shows how the conceptual breakthroughs of the exemplary papers are further developed by the field through theory testing and extension using increasingly sophisticated methodologies published by journals such as Irish Journal Of Management (IJM). Our review of both journals highlights that despite increasing market, social and cultural instability since these seminal papers were first conceived, their lessons are still relevant and increasingly critical to both theory and practice in establishing the future trajectory for strategic management and a framework for organisations to compete.

On Anticipatory Accounts

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-107
Author(s):  
Abigail Jane Mack
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Mental Health Court ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
The Past ◽  
Present Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
Made In

Engaging an account of a judicial decision made in the Los Angeles Mental Health Court, this article interrogates the role of anticipation in the lived negotiation of moral, social and institutional orders. As Judge Samuel Benton recounts his attempt to let himself ‘emotionally off the hook’ in the wake of a patient’s suicide, anticipation emerges as: 1) an ordered, linear sequencing of events towards logical ends; 2) unsettled, temporally disjunctive engagements with the past in order to make sense of present experience and ambiguous futures; 3) existential negotiations of one’s potential morality and social belonging; and 4) distributed organization of information between people and across objects in order to elaborate present and future experience. These manifestations of anticipation reveal the social and temporal contingency and deep intersubjectivity of our negotiations with uncertainty in the unsettling process of becoming moral.

scholarly journals Disease conditions and subclinical infections of the platypus ( Ornithorhynchus anatinus )

1998 ◽  
Vol 353 (1372) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Munday ◽  
R. J. Whittington ◽  
N. J. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
Ornithorhynchus Anatinus ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Intensive Investigation ◽  
Large Predators ◽  
Made In

Before the arrival of European settlers in Australia, the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus , probably suffered from little disease. Among other things, European settlement has involved substantial environmental perturbation, introduction of large predators, introduction of motor vehicles and translocation of potential pathogens. As a result, platypuses are now killed by motor vehicles, dogs, foxes and discarded plastic litter. Information programmes targeting appropriate segments of the public would help reduce these unnecessary deaths. The enigmatic disease, ulcerative mycosis, caused by Mucor amphibiorum , has been the subject of scientific investigation in Tasmania for the past 15 years. The apparent recent acceleration in its spread has sounded a warning and more intensive investigation is warranted. The possibility that this pathogen has been translocated from subtropical to temperate Tasmania, Australia, with green tree frogs in banana shipments further emphasizes the role of humans in threatening the welfare of the platypus. Recommendations are made in relation to appropriate measures that could be taken to ameliorate disease and trauma in this species.

scholarly journals Myasthenia Gravis: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annapurni Jayam Trouth ◽  
Alok Dabi ◽  
Noha Solieman ◽  
Mohankumar Kurukumbi ◽  
Janaki Kalyanam
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Circulating Antibodies ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Made In

Acquired myasthenia gravis is a relatively uncommon disorder, with prevalence rates that have increased to about 20 per 100,000 in the US population. This autoimmune disease is characterized by muscle weakness that fluctuates, worsening with exertion, and improving with rest. In about two-thirds of the patients, the involvement of extrinsic ocular muscle presents as the initial symptom, usually progressing to involve other bulbar muscles and limb musculature, resulting in generalized myasthenia gravis. Although the cause of the disorder is unknown, the role of circulating antibodies directed against the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in its pathogenesis is well established. As this disorder is highly treatable, prompt recognition is crucial. During the past decade, significant progress has been made in our understanding of the disease, leading to new treatment modalities and a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality.

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