scholarly journals Effects of Cryofrequency at Dermal and Hypodermic Level: Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (09) ◽  
pp. 5627-5633
Author(s):  
Rafaella Maia ◽  
Rodrigo Marcel Valentim da Silva ◽  
Liliane Santos de Vasconcellos ◽  
Fabiana Nunes da Silva ◽  
Hevellyn Oliveira Marques Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Localized Adiposity ◽  
Collagen Level ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Collagen Tissue

Background: Cryofrequency consists of the combination of cryotherapy and radiofrequency, acting simultaneously in the treatment of flaccidity and localized adiposity. Objective: To investigate the effects of cryofrequency at the dermal and hypodermic levels. Materials and methods: This is a case study, composed of one woman of 39-year-old, with interest to perform abdominoplasty surgery, presenting adiposity and flaccidity located in infra-umbilical region. Its treatment consists of eight cryofrequence applications. Results: There was reduction of 7 cm on supra-umbilical plicometry and 6 cm on infra-umbilical; a decrease of 2.7 kg of body weight. The ultrasound data show a decrease of 0.6 mm, in the thickness of the adipose layer. In the histological analysis: thicker epidermis, with more layers and dermis with greater number of fibroblasts and inflammatory cells, greater quantity of neoformed collagen tissue. Conclusion: The application of cryofrequence promoted reduction of adipose tissue and increased production of collagen. Level of Evidence: Level III, case-control study.

Histological analysis of gastritis andHelicobacter pyloriinfection in patients with early gastric cancer: A case-control study

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1370-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsaku Fukuda ◽  
Masanori Tanaka ◽  
Yasushi Soma ◽  
Tadashi Shimoyama ◽  
Tatsuya Mikami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Gastric Cancer ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Accessory Talar Facet Impingement and Sinus Tarsi Pain Associated With Accessory Anterolateral Talar Facet

2021 ◽  
pp. 107110072110021
Author(s):  
Jae Woo Park ◽  
JeongJin Park ◽  
Chul Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow Edema ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Sinus Tarsi ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Calcaneal Cyst ◽  
Control Study

Background: Sinus tarsi pain caused by accessory talar facet impingement (ATFI) owing to accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) is not well documented. We evaluated prevalence of AALTF and differences of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings between persons with and without sinus tarsi pain, and investigated the relevant association between MRI findings and sinus tarsi pain in persons with AALTF. Methods: We performed a case-control study on 120 ankles with sinus tarsi pain and 120 age- and gender-matched ankles without sinus tarsi pain. As MRI findings, bone marrow edema (BME), sinus tarsi fat obliteration (STFO), calcaneal cyst, talocalcaneal coalition, Gissane angle, talar inferolateral surface (TILS) angle, and calcaneal cortical thickness (CCT) were evaluated. The MRI findings were compared between persons with and without sinus tarsi pain, and between persons with and without AALTF. Among persons with AALTF, MRI findings were compared between those with and without sinus tarsi pain. Relevant association was evaluated between MRI findings and sinus tarsi pain in persons with AALTF. Results: Presence of AALTF, BME, and STFO were significantly higher in the group with sinus tarsi pain. The Gissane angle was significantly smaller, and the TILS angle and CCT were significantly larger in the group with sinus tarsi pain. The BME (OR 7.571, CI 1.453-39.446) and small Gissane angle (OR 0.891, CI 0.804-0.986) were significantly associated with sinus tarsi pain in persons with the AALTF. Conclusion: The study provides evidence for ATFI related to impingement of an AALTF associated with talocalcaneal BME. Level of Evidence: Level III, case-control study.

scholarly journals NATURAL HISTORY OF LUMBAR CANAL STENOSIS: CLINICAL ASPECTS AND SAGITTAL BALANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
VAGNER CLAYTON DE PAIVA ◽  
MARCELO ITALO RISSO NETO ◽  
GUILHERME REBECHI ZUIANI ◽  
IVAN GUIDOLIN VEIGA ◽  
WAGNER PASQUALINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Surgical Indication ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Sagittal Vertical Axis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Objective To compare the sagittal alignment (SA) parameters in individuals with LCS and surgical indication with a control group and to study the correlations between SA parameters and ODI, VAS and EQ-5D in individuals with LCS and surgical indication. Methods In this multicenter cross-sectional case-control study, the individuals were allocated as follows. A stenosis group (SG) composed by patients with LCS confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging with surgical indication, treated between July 2010 and August 2016 and a control group (CG), without LCS. All subjects underwent anamnesis, completed the Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and total spine radiographs were taken. Clinical data, HRQoL and radiographic parameters were correlated. Results Sixty-four individuals formed the SG and 14 the CG. The SG had higher values of mean age, coronal imbalance, sagittal vertical axis (SVA), pelvic tilt (PT), sacrofemoral distance (SFD), overhang (OH), PI-LL mismatch, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain and smaller thoracic kyphosis (TK), total (TLPL) and regional lumbopelvic lordosis (RLPL) in all vertebrae, sagittal offset (SO) in all evaluated vertebrae and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) with p <0.05. In the SG, the only significant correlations (p <0.05) were between TK and ODI and EQ-5D; all the other sagittal parameters did not correlated with VAS, ODI or EQ-5D. Conclusion SG had SA parameters altered in relation to CG. There was a direct correlation between decrease in TK and worsening of ODI and EQ-5D in SG. Level of evidence: III; Case Control Study.

scholarly journals Hallux valgus measurements using weight-bearing computed tomography: what changes?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
Samuel Braza ◽  
Nacime Salomão Barbachan Mansur ◽  
Vineel Mallavarapu ◽  
Kepler Alencar Mendes de Carvalho ◽  
Kevin Dibbern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Metatarsal Head ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Control Study

Objective: To assess whether traditional hallux valgus (HV) measurements obtained with conventional radiography (CR) correspond to those obtained with weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT). Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 26 HV feet and 20 control feet were analyzed with CR and WBCT. Hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), interphalangeal angle (IPA), distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), sesamoid station (SS), and first metatarsal head shape were measured. Chi-square tests were used to compare hallux valgus and control patients. T-tests were used to compare CR and WBCT. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: WBCT was capable of discriminating patients with HV from controls, showing higher mean values for HV patients than controls in HVA (35.29 and 9.02, p < 0.001), IMA (16.01 and 10.01, p < 0.001), and DMAA (18.90 and 4.10, p < 0.001). When comparing the two methods, differences were not significant between CR and WBCT measurements in HVA (-0.84, p = 0.79), IMA (-0.93, p = 0.39), IPA (1.53, p = 0.09), or SS (p = 0.40), but were significant for DMAA (13.43, p < .0001). CR analysis yielded varied metatarsal head shapes, while all WBCT shape classifications were round.  Conclusion: Unidimensional HV measurements were similar between WBCT and CR, while more three-dimensional findings were not. CR may be used to assess the axial aspects of HV, but multidimensional aspects of the deformity may not be accurately assessed with plain radiographs. Level of Evidence III; Therapeutic Studies; Retrospective Case-Control Study.

scholarly journals Periodontal Status in Smokers and Nonsmokers: A Clinical, Microbiological, and Histopathological Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maddipati Sreedevi ◽  
Alampalli Ramesh ◽  
Chini Dwarakanath
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Tissue Degradation ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Control Study

A case-control study was done to assess the influence of smoking on clinical, microbiological, and histopathological parameters.Methods.Two hundred dentate male patients (100 smokers and 100 nonsmokers) ranging between 25 and 50 years were enrolled in the study. Periodontal parameters were recorded. Plaque samples were collected for microbial analysis for BANA test. Gingival biopsies were obtained from selected site for assessing histopathological changes.Results.Both groups showed almost similar plaque levels (P=0.258), but smokers had reduced gingival (0.62 ± 0.31) and bleeding indices (28.53 ± 17.52) and an increased calculus index (1.62 ± 0.36). Smokers had an increased probing depth of 4–7 mm (P=0.009) and overall increased CAL. No difference in microbiota was found between the two groups. Histopathologically smokers showed a decreased blood vessel density (8.84 ± 0.96) and inflammatory cells (52.00 ± 9.79).Conclusions.It is quite possible that many of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in tissue degradation in periodontitis in smokers could be quite different from those in nonsmokers.

scholarly journals QUANTIFICATION OF NEURAL ELEMENTS IN POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT: COMPARISON BETWEEN HEALTHY KNEES AND WITH PRIMARY OSTEOARTHROSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
MARCELO PARENTE OLIVEIRA ◽  
ROBERTO JOSÉ VIEIRA DE MELLO ◽  
LUCIANO TAVARES MONTENEGRO ◽  
SILVANIA TAVARES PAZ ◽  
DIEGO ARIEL DE LIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Neural Element ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Primary Osteoarthrosis ◽  
Valgus Alignment ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Objective: To quantify the neural elements in the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in healthy knees and with primary osteoarthrosis (OA). Methods: In two groups with OA, one of cadavers and another of individuals, the area of neural elements identified in histological sections of PCL with anti-S100 immunohistochemistry was quantified. Results: The overall mean area of the neural elements was 0.96% ± 0.67%, with the value in the cadaver group of 1.02% ± 0.67% and in the OA group of 0.80% ± 0.64%, with a significant statistically difference (p = 0.001). No correlation was observed between neural element quantification and the age of the individuals (p > 0.05). There was no difference in the quantification of neural elements between the sexes in the cadaver group (p = 0.766), but in the OA group there was a statistically significant reduction in males (p = 0.003). Also, in the osteoarthrosis group there was no difference in the quantification of neural elements in the knees with varus or valgus alignment (p = 0.847). Conclusion: There was a decrease in neural element quantification in PCL of individuals affected by OA in relation to non-arthritic individuals, with this quantification not related to age or with the axis of the lower limb. However, this quantification is not related to age or the axis of the lower limb. Level of Evidence III, Case control study.

Gout As a Predictor of Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes and Costs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Rosas ◽  
Andrey Zuskov ◽  
Tianyi David Luo ◽  
Martin W. Roche ◽  
Cynthia L. Emory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Medicare Patients ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Control Study

AbstractGout is the most common inflammatory arthritis and affects approximately 4% of the U.S. population. As the prevalence of gout and the number of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) performed continue to increase, the literature on TKA in patients with gout remains scant. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients with gout following TKA at a population level, that is, how patient with gout fair after TKA. We hypothesized that patients with gout have higher rates of complications and higher costs compared with controls. A case–control study was designed to evaluate two cohorts of Medicare patients who underwent TKA whose only distinguishing feature was the presence or absence of gout. Matching was performed to decrease confounding at a 1:1 ratio based on age, gender, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), (10-year survival predictor). The Medicare standard analytical files were queried through International Classification of Disease and current procedural terminology codes. A total of 15,238 patients were evaluated with 7,619 in each cohort. There were no age, gender, or CCI differences and 57.4% were females. Day of surgery and 90-day post-surgery costs were both significantly greater in those with gout (p < 0.001 for both). Multivariate analysis revealed that gout patients had increased odds of infection (odds ratio [OR] 1.229, p = 0.019), cardiac arrest (OR 1.354, p = 0.002), pneumonia (OR 1.161, p < 0.001), hematoma (OR 1.204, p = 0.002), and development of capsulitis (OR 1.208, p = 0.012). Nonetheless these patients had a decreased risk of pulmonary emboli (OR 0.835, p = 0.016). Our results support our hypothesis that patients with gout have higher rates of postoperative complications and increased day of surgery and 90-day costs of care after TKA. Given the high prevalence of gout in the United States, additional study on the utility of preoperative gout optimization for TKA patients is warranted. The level of evidence of this study is III, and it is a retrospective case–control study.

The serotype case-case design: a direct comparison of a novel methodology with a case-control study in a national Salmonella Enteritidis PT14b outbreak in England and Wales

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (11) ◽  
pp. 2346-2353 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. ZENNER ◽  
K. JANMOHAMED ◽  
C. LANE ◽  
C. LITTLE ◽  
A. CHARLETT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Concurrent Case ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Control Designs ◽  
Case Design ◽  
Population Controls ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYSocietal and technological changes render traditional study designs less feasible for investigation of outbreaks. We compared results obtained from case-case and case-control designs during the investigation of a Salmonella Enteritidis PT14b (SE14b) outbreak in Britain to provide support for validation of this approach. Exposures of cases were compared to concurrent non-Enteritidis Salmonella cases and population controls recruited through systematic digit phone dialling. Infection with SE14b was associated with eating in oriental restaurants [odds ratio (OR) 35·8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4·4–290·9] and consuming eggs away from home (OR 13·8, 95% CI 1·5–124·5) in the case-case study and was confirmed through a concurrent case-control study with similar effect estimates and microbiological findings of SE14b in eggs from a specific chicken flock on a Spanish farm. We found that the case-case design was feasible, quick and inexpensive, potentially minimized recall bias and made use of already interviewed cases with subtyping results. This approach has potential for use in future investigations.

scholarly journals Salivary Metabolic Hormones as Biomarkers of Childhood Obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiny Lizia Manohar ◽  
Hemamalini Arambakkam Janardhanam ◽  
Latha Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Metabolic Hormones ◽  
Obesity Research ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Abstract PurposeObesity is a major threat to the health and development of children. While hormones in serum samples have been extensively investigated in childhood obesity research, our study attempts to explore salivary metabolic hormones as biomarkers of childhood obesity.MethodsObese (n=83) and non-obese (n=83) school children aged 6-11 years were recruited as cases and controls, respectively, for this case-control study. Salivary concentrations of the hormones, Ghrelin, Leptin, Adiponectin and Insulin were assessed and compared between obese and non-obese children to evaluate their role in childhood obesity.Results The mean ghrelin (1.69 ± 0.38) and adiponectin (95627.56 ± 64915.04) levels of the non-obese children were higher than the mean values of the obese, while the mean values of the hormones leptin (265.95 ± 83.16) and insulin (224.56 ± 184.86) were found to be higher among the obese. Higher levels of the hormones insulin (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.05-1.12) and leptin (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02-1.04) posed higher risks for childhood obesity, followed by adiponectin, which was found to be lower among the cases (OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.99995-0.99998) which increased the risk of childhood obesity.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the efficacy of saliva as a promising non-invasive tool in childhood obesity research and highlights the significance of appetite regulatory hormones as biomarkers of childhood obesity.Level of evidenceLevel III, Case-control study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the results of flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer for chronic Achilles tendinopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-246
Author(s):  
Juan Benitez ◽  
Henrique Mansur ◽  
Isnar Castro
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Flexor Hallucis Longus ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flexion Strength ◽  
Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Control Study

Objective: To demonstrate that transfer of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) through a single access site for Achilles tendinosis provides good results and can allow satisfactory recovery of ankle flexion strength. Methods: This is a case-control study with 28 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for Achilles tendon debridement and FHL transfer between January 2009 and July 2015. The patients’ body mass index (BMI), plantar flexion strength and ankle dorsiflexion strength were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer (Humac Norm model, CSMi) and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale. Results: Of the 28 patients, 53.8% were women, and the mean age was 55 years. After a median follow-up of 3.1 years, the plantar flexion strength of the operated ankles was 26.42 Nm (± 2.18), and the dorsiflexion strength was 16 Nm (± 1.99). The final AOFAS score was 85.3 points, with 82.1%of patients achieving good and excellent results. The results showed a significant difference in plantar flexion strength (p=0.0001) between the operated foot and the contralateral foot. No significant difference was found when comparing patients with different BMIs in relation to muscle strength and AOFAS score.Conclusion: FHL transfer surgery using a single posteromedial route for chronic Achilles tendinopathy presents good functional results and is a safe technique with a low complication rate. Level of Evidence III; Therapeutic Studies; Case Control Study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document