Prevalence of lipid profile derangement in previously diagnosed treatment naive cases of Subclinical Hypothyroid patients and its comparison with age and sex matched normal individuals: A case control study at tertiary health care centre from central India

Abstract Background Previous studies have indicated that host genetic factors play an essential role in immunity to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We aimed to investigate the association between the toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) and mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) genes and HIV infection susceptibility among Chinese Han patients. Methods This is a case-control study. A total of 435 HIV-infected patients and 1013 seronegative healthy individuals were recruited. DNA was extracted from whole blood. Two SNPs in the MBL2 gene (rs7096206 and rs1800450) and three SNPs in the TOLLIP gene (rs5743899, rs3750920, and rs5743867) were selected and genotyped using a SNPscan Kit (Cat#: G0104, Genesky Biotechnologies Inc., Shanghai, China). Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using unconditional binary logistic regression. Results A significant association between the minor alleles rs5743899 (C allele) and rs5743867 (G allele) in the TOLLIP gene and susceptibility to HIV infection was found in this study after adjusting for age and sex (Pa = 0.011 and < 0.001, respectively). The rs5743867 in the TOLLIP gene was significantly associated with the risk of HIV infection in dominant, recessive, and additive models when adjusted for age and sex (Pa < 0.05). No significant association was found between MBL2 gene polymorphisms and HIV infection. Conclusion Our study found a statistically significant association between the two SNPs (rs5743867 and rs5743899) in the TOLLIP gene and susceptibility to HIV infection in a Chinese Han population.

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Incidence of Psychiatric Morbidities in Drug Naive Hypothyroid Patients: A Case Control Study

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0402.037 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Syed Ummar I ◽

Shree Aarthi R ◽

Thirunavukarasu M

Keyword(s):

Statistical Difference ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Case Control ◽

Symptom Duration ◽

Hypothyroid Patient ◽

Drug Naïve ◽

Thyroid Profile ◽

Hypothyroid Patients ◽

Control Study

Background: Hypothyroidism is one the etiology of emerging psychiatric illness. The present study is an attempt to find out the incidence of psychiatric morbidity in drug-naïve hypothyroid patients and to find the correlation between patient’s sociodemographic variable, symptom duration, varying thyroid profile, subtype of hypothyroidism and psychiatric morbidity. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. The sample in this study consists of 75 hypothyroid patient and 75 euthyroid patients from Endocrinology out-patient department, matched for age and sex, after obtaining informed consent. Results: There was no statistical difference between cases and controls, with regard to sociodemographic variables. The psychiatric morbidity in hypothyroid patients is higher than euthyroid population (χ2 =32.9, p=0.001). The incidence and severity of depression (I – χ2=7.29, p=0.004), (severity- χ2 =10.42, p=0.02), anxiety (I- χ2 =3.84, p=0.05), (severity- χ2 =4.81, p=0.03) and cognitive impairment (I- χ2 =10..9, p=0.001), (severity- χ2 =13.04, p=0.001) are higher in hypothyroid patient when compared with controls. But the incidence of Psychosis is not statistically significant between groups. Among hypothyroid patients various parameters like symptom duration, varying thyroid profile and subtype of hypothyroidism did not reveal any significant statistical difference between patients with and without psychiatric morbidity. Conclusion: Incidence and severity of psychiatric morbidity in hypothyroid patients is higher than euthyroid population in our study. Hypothyroidism is one of the reversible etiologies of psychiatry disorder which is most often overlooked. Early diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism may alter the course of psychiatric illness and reduce the morbidity of these illnesses among patients.

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Association between Maternal Dietary Diversity and Low Birth Weight in Central India: A Case-Control Study

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2021/6667608 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Shantanu Sharma ◽

Sonali Maheshwari ◽

Sunil Mehra

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Central India ◽

Case Control ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽

Maternal Undernutrition ◽

Control Study

Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the major public health challenges in India. LBW etiology is multifactorial and linked to multiple determinants, including maternal undernutrition and sociodemographic characteristics. The objective of the present endeavor was to assess how maternal dietary diversity and other sociodemographic factors among marginalized populations are associated with the incidence of LBW. The study was a part of the community-based intervention that aimed to improve maternal and child health in the Morena district of Madhya Pradesh, a state in central India. In this case-control study, cases were defined as mothers with an LBW child (<2500 grams) and controls as mothers without an LBW child. A quantitative survey was done with women of reproductive age, having at least one child aged 0–24 months. We calculated the dietary diversity based on the number of food groups consumed during pregnancy by women on a daily basis. Stepwise logistic regression models were built to test for associations between sociodemographic and dietary diversity variables and LBW incidence. There were 157 mothers with and 214 without an LBW child. Women’s diets mainly consisted of grains, such as wheat, rice, maize, and roots and tubers. Eggs and meat were consumed by less than 1% of the women. There were 20% lesser chances of an LBW child with increasing maternal dietary diversity scores (odds ratio: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.96). The poor maternal diet quality during pregnancy may result in adverse birth outcomes with long-term consequences in a child.

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Evaluation of serum iron overload, AST:ALT ratio and log10ferritin:AST ratio among schizophrenia patients in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana: a case–control study

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-019-4847-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

W. K. B. A. Owiredu ◽

Peter Kojo Brenya ◽

Yaw Osei ◽

Edwin Ferguson Laing ◽

Clement Opoku Okrah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Iron ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Transferrin Saturation ◽

Case Control ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Naive Group ◽

Treatment Naïve ◽

The Mean ◽

Psychiatric Department ◽

Control Study

Abstract Objective The association between unbalanced iron indices and the conditions of schizophrenia are not well understood. Liver dysfunction which has been linked to iron metabolism might be a contributing factor. This case–control study evaluated serum iron indices and liver function in treatment-naïve schizophrenia patients and those already on treatment at the Psychiatric Department of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi-Ghana. Results The mean age of the respondents was 39.6 ± 0.8 years. Increased levels of serum iron, TS, AST, ALT and AST:ALT ratio and lower levels of UIBC, TIBC, Transferrin, and log Ferritin:AST ratio levels were observed among the treatment-naïve group compared to the control. The treatment-naïve and treatment groups showed significantly higher serum AST:ALT ratio, and lower log10ferrtin:AST ratio than the healthy controls. There was a significant correlation between log10ferritin and AST, and log10ferritin and GGT in both treatments (r = 0.343; p = 0.003, and r = 0.502; p = 0.001 respectively) and treatment-naïve groups (r = 0.348; p = 0.002, and r = 0.614; p < 0.001 respectively). Percentage transferrin saturation correlated significantly with GGT only, in the treatment-naïve group (r = 0.667; p < 0.001), and ALT and GGT in the treatment group (r = 0.252; p = 0.030 and r = 0.646; p = 0.014 respectively).

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Consumption of uncooked deer meat as a risk factor for hepatitis E virus infection: An age- and sex-matched case-control study

Journal of Medical Virology ◽

10.1002/jmv.20147 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 67-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

Shuchin Tei ◽

Naoto Kitajima ◽

Shunji Ohara ◽

Yoshifumi Inoue ◽

Masaharu Miki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Case Control ◽

Matched Case ◽

Matched Case Control Study ◽

Control Study ◽

Age And Sex

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Negative Interaction between Lithium and Electroconvulsive Therapy – A Case-Control Study

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.168.2.241 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 168 (2) ◽

pp. 241-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

A. K. Jha ◽

G. S. Stein ◽

P. Fenwick

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Negative Interaction ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Concurrent Use ◽

Control Study ◽

Age And Sex

BackgroundConcurrent use of lithium and ECT is suspected to increase neurotoxicity.MethodA retrospective case-control study over an eight-year period was conducted to investigate the adverse effects of a combined lithium/ECT treatment Thirty-one subjects with combined lithium/ECT treatment were compared with a control group (ECT only) of 135 cases matched for age and sex.ResultsMost cases in both groups had no adverse effects. Three (10%) study group subjects and 15 (11 %) controls experienced brief delirium. Three controls and none of the subjects developed a prolonged confusion. There were no significant differences in the profile of other adverse effects between the two groups.ConclusionPrescription of lithium together with ECT was not associated with higher frequency of adverse effects.

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Risk factors for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia: a case–control study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-76998-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yu Sato ◽

Kengo Murata ◽

Miake Yamamoto ◽

Tsukasa Ishiwata ◽

Miyako Kitazono-Saitoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Tracheobronchial Stenosis ◽

Control Study ◽

Age And Sex

AbstractThe bronchoscopy, though usually safe, is occasionally associated with complications, such as pneumonia. However, the use of prophylactic antibiotics is not recommended by the guidelines of the British Thoracic Society. Thus far there are few reports of the risk factors for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia; the purpose of this study was to evaluate these risk factors. We retrospectively collected data on patients in whom post-bronchoscopy pneumonia developed from the medical records of 2,265 patients who received 2666 diagnostic bronchoscopies at our institution between April 2006 and November 2011. Twice as many patients were enrolled in the control group as in the pneumonia group. The patients were matched for age and sex. In total, 37 patients (1.4%) had post-bronchoscopy pneumonia. Univariate analysis showed that a significantly larger proportion of patients in the pneumonia group had tracheobronchial stenosis (75.7% vs 18.9%, p < 0.01) and a final diagnosis of primary lung cancer (75.7% vs 43.2%, p < 0.01) than in the control group. The pneumonia group tended to have more patients with a history of smoking (83.8% vs 67.1%, p = 0.06) or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (4.3% vs 14.9%, p = 0.14) than the control group. In multivariate analysis, we found that tracheobronchial stenosis remained an independent risk factor for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia (odds ratio: 7.8, 95%CI: 2.5–24.2). In conclusion, tracheobronchial stenosis was identified as an independent risk factor for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia by multivariate analysis in this age- and sex- matched case control study.

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