scholarly journals Arduino based platform for process control learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 0585-0593
Author(s):  
Bruna Couto Molinar Henrique ◽  
Leonardo Couto Molinar Henrique ◽  
Humberto Molinar Henrique
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Pid Controllers ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Source Codes ◽  
Model Control

This work deals with implementation of an experimental flowrate control unit using free and low-cost hardware and software. The open-source software Processing was used to develop the source codes and user graphical interface and the open-source electronic prototyping platform Arduino was used to acquire data from an experimental unit. Work presents descriptions of the experimental setup, the real-time PID controllers used and theoretical/conceptual issues of Arduino. PID controllers based on internal model control, minimization of the integral of time-weighted absolute error, Ziegler-Nichols, and others were tuned for setpoint and load changes and real-time runs were carried out in order to make real-time use of  control theory learned in academy. Results showed the developed platform proved to be suitable for use in experimental setups allowing users compare their ideas and expectations with the experimental evidence in a real and low-cost fashion. In addition, the instrumentation is simple to configure with acceptable level noise and particularly useful for control/automation learning with educational purposes.

scholarly journals New tuning rules for PID controllers based on IMC with minimum IAE for inverse response processes

DYNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (194) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Castrillón Hernández ◽  
Duby Castellanos-Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Dead Time ◽  
Stability Limit ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Tuning Parameter ◽  
Pid Controllers ◽  
Response System ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Inverse Response ◽  
Tuning Rules

In this paper new tuning rules for Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) are presented, which are based on Internal Model Control (IMC). This set of equations minimizes the performance index, in this case, the Integral Absolute Error (IAE). Furthermore, a correlation is proposed in order to calculate the tuning parameter of the method, where a holding oscillation response is obtained regarding changes in the set point. This value represents a stability limit for the IMC method. The overall development is then applied to an Inverse Response System of second order and with dead time.

scholarly journals Open source modules for tracking animal behavior and closed-loop stimulation based on Open Ephys and Bonsai

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Paolo Buccino ◽  
Mikkel Elle Lepperød ◽  
Svenn-Arne Dragly ◽  
Philipp Häfliger ◽  
Marianne Fyhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Formats ◽  
Behavioral Tracking ◽  
Real Time Tracking ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Closed Loop Stimulation

AbstractObjectiveA major goal in systems neuroscience is to determine the causal relationship between neural activity and behavior. To this end, methods that combine monitoring neural activity, behavioral tracking, and targeted manipulation of neurons in closed-loop are powerful tools. However, commercial systems that allow these types of experiments are usually expensive and rely on non-standardized data formats and proprietary software which may hinder user-modifications for specific needs. In order to promote reproducibility and data-sharing in science, transparent software and standardized data formats are an advantage. Here, we present an open source, low-cost, adaptable, and easy to set-up system for combined behavioral tracking, electrophysiology and closed-loop stimulation.ApproachBased on the Open Ephys system (www.open-ephys.org) we developed multiple modules to include real-time tracking and behavior-based closed-loop stimulation. We describe the equipment and provide a step-by-step guide to set up the system. Combining the open source software Bonsai (bonsai-rx.org) for analyzing camera images in real time with the newly developed modules in Open Ephys, we acquire position information, visualize tracking, and perform tracking-based closed-loop stimulation experiments. To analyze the acquired data we provide an open source file reading package in Python.Main resultsThe system robustly visualizes real-time tracking and reliably recovers tracking information recorded from a range of sampling frequencies (30-1000Hz). We combined electrophysiology with the newly-developed tracking modules in Open Ephys to record place cell and grid cell activity in the hippocampus and in the medial entorhinal cortex, respectively. Moreover, we present a case in which we used the system for closed-loop optogenetic stimulation of entorhinal grid cells.SignificanceExpanding the Open Ephys system to include animal tracking and behavior-based closed-loop stimulation extends the availability of high-quality, low-cost experimental setup within standardized data formats serving the neuroscience community.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Application of a Novel Low-Cost Wearable Sensing Device in Assessing Real-Time PM2.5 Exposure in Major Asian Transportation Modes

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Wen-Cheng Vincent Wang ◽  
Shih-Chun Candice Lung ◽  
Chun-Hu Liu ◽  
Tzu-Yao Julia Wen ◽  
Shu-Chuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
Pm2.5 Exposure ◽  
Device Location

Small low-cost sensing (LCS) devices enable assessment of close-to-reality PM2.5 exposures, though their data quality remains a challenge. This work evaluates the precision, accuracy, wearability and stability of a wearable particle LCS device, Location-Aware Sensing System (LASS, with Plantower PMS3003), which is 104 × 66 × 46 mm3 in size and less than 162 g in weight. Real-time particulate matter (PM) exposures in six major Asian transportation modes were assessed. Side-by-side laboratory evaluation of PM2.5 between a GRIMM aerosol spectrometer and sensors yielded a correlation of 0.98 and a mean absolute error of 0.85 µg/m3. LASS readings collected in the summer of 2016 in Taiwan were converted to GRIMM-comparable values. Mean PM2.5 concentrations obtained from GRIMM and converted LASS values of the six different transportation microenvironments were 16.9 ± 11.7 (n = 1774) and 17.0 ± 9.5 (n = 3399) µg/m3, respectively, showing a correlation of 0.93. The average one-hour PM2.5 exposure increments (concentration increase above ambient levels) from converted LASS values for Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), bus, car, scooter, bike and walk were 15.6, 6.7, −19.2, 8.1, 6.1 and 7.1 µg/m3, respectively, very close to those obtained from GRIMM. This work is one of the earliest studies applying wearable particulate matter (PM) LCS devices in exposure assessment in different transportation modes.

The Application of CAN Bus Microcontroller MC9S08DZ60 in Automotive Electronic Control Unit

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 2608-2611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Li Ren He
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Software Design ◽  
Can Bus ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Automotive Electronic

Take the microcontroller MC9S08DZ60 which integrated CAN controller for example, the design of automotive electronic control unit was introduced, meanwhile shown the hardware structure and software design processes. This circuit has characteristics of simple hardware, low cost, high reliability, real-time. It has provided a scientific basis for the development of the CAN communication electronic control unit based on MC9S08DZ60 microprocessor.

scholarly journals Research on a Low-Cost, Open-Source, and Remote Monitoring Data Collector to Predict Livestock’s Habits Based on Location and Auditory Information: A Case Study from Vietnam

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Quang Thinh Ngo ◽  
Thanh Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Hung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Fast Tracking ◽  
Data Collector

The supervision and feeding of grazing livestock are always difficult missions. Since animals act based on habits, the real-time monitoring data logger has become an indispensable instrument to assist farmers in recognizing the status of livestock. Position-tracked and acoustic monitoring have become commonplace as two of the best methods to characterize feeding performance in ruminants. Previously, the existing methods were limited to desktop computers and lacked a sound-collecting function. These restrictions impacted the late interventions from feeders and required a large-sized data memory. In this work, an open-source framework for a data collector that autonomously captures the health information of farm animals is introduced. In this portable hardware, a Wireless Location Acoustic Sensing System (WiLASS) is integrated to infer the health status through the activities and abnormal phenomena of farming livestock via chew–bite sound identification. WiLASS involves the open modules of ESP32-WROOM, GPS NEO-6M, ADXL335 accelerometer, GY-MAX4466 amplifier, temperature sensors, and other signal processing circuits. By means of wireless communication, the ESP32-WROOM Thing micro-processor offers high speed transmission, standard protocol, and low power consumption. Data are transferred in a real-time manner from the attached sensing modules to a digital server for further analysis. The module of GPS NEO-6M Thing brings about fast tracking, high precision, and a strong signal, which is suitable for highland applications. Some computations are incorporated into the accelerometer to estimate directional movement and vibration. The GY-MAX4466 Thing plays the role of microphone, which is used to store environmental sound. To ensure the quality of auditory data, they are recorded at a minimum sampling frequency of 10 KHz and at a 12-bit resolution. Moreover, a mobile software in pocket devices is implemented to provide extended mobility and social convenience. Converging with a cloud-based server, the multi-Thing portable platform can provide access to simultaneously supervise. Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol with low bandwidth, high reliability, and bi-direction, and which is appropriate for most operating systemsOS, is embedded into the system to prevent data loss. From the experimental results, the feasibility, effectiveness, and correctness of our approach are verified. Under the changes of climate, the proposed framework not only supports the improvement of farming techniques, but also provides a high-quality alternative for poor rural areas because of its low cost and its ability to carry out a proper policy for each species.

scholarly journals An open source Real Time IOT based environmental sensor monitoring system

10.29007/q4cf ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronak Vithlani ◽  
Siddharth Fultariya ◽  
Mahesh Jivani ◽  
Haresh Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Network Construction ◽  
Embedded Sensing

In this paper, we have described an operative prototype for Internet of Things (IoT) used for consistent monitoring various environmental sensors by means of low cost open source embedded system. The explanation about the unified network construction and the interconnecting devices for the consistent measurement of environmental parameters by various sensors and broadcast of data through internet is being presented. The framework of the monitoring system is based on a combination of embedded sensing units, information structure for data collection, and intellectual and context responsiveness. The projected system does not involve a devoted server computer with respect to analogous systems and offers a light weight communication protocol to monitor environment data using sensors. Outcomes are inspiring as the consistency of sensing information broadcast through the projected unified network construction is very much reliable. The prototype was experienced to create real-time graphical information rather than a test bed set-up.

scholarly journals Real-time object control system using open source platform

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Chang-Gyu Cgseong ◽  
Jung-Yee Kim ◽  
Doo-Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Object Control ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Internet Application ◽  
Open Source Hardware ◽  
The Internet Of Things

<p>Recently, the Internet of things(IoT) has received great attention, and the demand for IOT applications in various fields is increasing. But drawbacks of IoT, such as having to use dedicated equipment and having to pay for a flat fee monthly, do not satisfy the consumers’ demands. These shortcomings of IoT is causing the appearance of users who try to design the environment of IoT that responds their demands and naturally, attempts to have monitoring system through open-source hardware like Arduino. Open source hardware has attracted a great deal of attention for the diffusion of the Internet of things as a key element of the Internet construction. The emergence of open source hardware, which has the advantage of low cost and easy and fast development, has made it possible to embody the idea of object Internet application services. In this paper, we design and implement a system that controls the objects in real time using open source hardware and MQTT protocol.</p>

Design and Realization of a Pipeline and Slot Multi-Function Robot

2013 ◽  
Vol 440 ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
Zhan Min Yang ◽  
Guo Qing Zhang ◽  
Jiu Jun Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Fault Recovery ◽  
Research Status ◽  
Application Characteristics ◽  
Pipeline Robot ◽  
Pneumatic Power

Through the analysis of the research status and application characteristics of the pipeline robot, a design of pipeline and slot multi-function robot is presented. The robot adopts pneumatic power systems and peristaltic walk way. The robot can move not only in reducing pipe to clean or detect, but also between the slot to rescue or transfer goods according to computer instructions. The system is operated by slave control unit and controlled by PC through an auxiliary rope, so the robot has advantages about real-time detection of the work state, strong driving force, easy maintenance and fault recovery, low cost and so on.

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