scholarly journals Indigenous Access to Skilled Jobs in the Canadian Forest Industry: The Role of Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G Cahill
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Using Data

In this article, the effect of education on the skill level of jobs held by Indigenous people working in the Canadian forest industry is examined. A skill index based on detailed occupation is used as the dependent variable in ordered logit models estimated using data from Statistics Canada’s 2011 National Household Survey (NHS). Results are obtained by gender. In the case of men, for Métis (a specific mixed European and Indigenous culture) and for First Nations living off reserve estimates of the effect of education are similar to those for non-Indigenous people. The estimated effect is lower for those Indigenous people living on reserve, particularly for those whose employment is also on the reserve. Results for women are similar, though often not statistically significant due to the limited sample size. High school graduation appears insufficient to provide access to better jobs, whereas post-secondary education, including trade certificates and community college, is very effective. The article concludes with a suggestion that, while closing the lag in Indigenous rates of high school education is critical, this must provide a gateway to further education. A discussion provides more policy context.

Cannabis Growers in the United States: Findings From a National Household Survey 2010−2014

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262110004
Author(s):  
Alejandro Azofeifa ◽  
Rosalie L. Pacula ◽  
Margaret E. Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Using Data

Given the rapidly changing U.S. cannabis legislation landscape, the aim of this article is to describe individuals who self-reported growing cannabis in the past year by selected characteristics and geographical location. Using data from 2010 to 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we conducted bivariate chi-square tests and ran a multivariable logistic regression model to examine the indicators associated with growing cannabis. Approximately, 484,000 individuals aged 12+ self-reported growing cannabis in the past year (1.6% of marijuana users). Predictors of growing cannabis included being male and self-reported reporting using cannabis for a greater number of days. Data showed differences in the proportion of cannabis growers by the state of residence. Obtaining a baseline estimate of cannabis growing practices prior to recreational cannabis markets emerging (2014) is important because such practices may undermine efforts to discourage diversion to youth. Tracking these acquisition patterns will better inform content for public health messaging and prevention education, particularly those targeting youth.

scholarly journals Gender achievement gaps: the role of social costs to trying hard in high school

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1407-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Workman ◽  
Anke Heyder
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Academic Effort ◽  
Social Incentives ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Gender Achievement

AbstractIn American high schools female students put greater effort into school and outperform boys on indicators of academic success. Using data from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009, we found female students’ greater academic effort and achievement was partly explained by different social incentives to trying hard in school experienced by male and female students. Males were 1.75 times as likely to report they would be unpopular for trying hard in school and 1.50 times as likely to report they would be made fun of for trying hard in school. Social costs to trying hard in school were directly associated with less rigorous mathematics course-taking and indirectly associated with lower GPA in STEM courses through lower academic effort.

Citizen Advantage, Undocumented Disadvantage, or Both? The Comparative Educational Outcomes of Second and 1.5‐Generation Latino Young Adults1

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1080-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Patler
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
High School Completion ◽  
1.5 Generation ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Data Constraints

Recent research theorizes a widening sociopolitical gap between undocumented and documented immigrants — but also between citizens and noncitizens generally — with implications for mobility. How might legal inequality influence educational outcomes? Largely due to data constraints, much existing research is unable to distinguish between legal statuses. Yet, legal status may help explain inconsistent findings of “immigrant advantage” among Latinos. Using survey data from Latino young adults in California, I explore how legal status impacts high school completion, post‐secondary enrollment, and labor market expectations. I find evidence of undocumented disadvantage and citizenship advantage in completion and enrollment, but no differences in expectations. Findings suggest that scholars should pay closer attention to the role of legal background in shaping mobility.

scholarly journals Reforming Indigenous policing: Understanding the context for change

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 144-155
Author(s):  
Rick Ruddell ◽  
John Kiedrowski
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Social Spending ◽  
Urban Policing ◽  
Research And Policy

Protests over the policing of Black and Indigenous people and people of Colour that started after the death of George Floyd in May 2020 at the hands of the Minneapolis police set the stage for debates about the role of the Canadian police in ensuring public safety. These protests have resulted in calls for police reforms, including reallocating police funding to other social spending. The public’s attention has focused on urban policing, and there has been comparatively little focus on policing rural Indigenous communities. We address this gap in the literature, arguing that Indigenous policing is distinctively different than what happens in urban areas and the challenges posed in these places are unlike the ones municipal officers confront. We identify ten specific challenges that define the context for Indigenous policing that must be considered before reforms are undertaken. Implications for further research and policy development are identified, including founding a commission to oversee First Nations policing.

How college credit in high school impacts postsecondary course-taking: the role of AP exams

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-43
Author(s):  
Oded Gurantz
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Advanced Placement ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
School Students ◽  
College Credit ◽  
Using Data

This paper uses Advanced Placement (AP) exams to examine how receiving college credit in high school alters students' subsequent human capital investment. Using data from one large state, I link high school students to postsecondary transcripts from in-state, public institutions and estimate causal impacts using a regression discontinuity that compares students with essentially identical AP performance but who receive different offers of college credit. I find that female students who earn credit from STEM exams take higher-level STEM courses, significantly increasing their depth of study, with no observed impacts for males. As a result, the male-female gap in STEM courses taken shrinks by roughly one-third to two-thirds, depending on the outcome studied. Earning non-STEM AP credit increases overall coursework in non-STEM courses and increases the breadth of study across departments. Early credit policies help assist colleges to produce graduates whose skills aligns with commonly cited social or economic priorities, such as developing STEM graduates with stronger skills, particularly among traditionally underrepresented groups.

Improving College Access: A Review of Research on the Role of High School Counselors

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 2156759X1201600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. M. McKillip ◽  
Anita Rawls ◽  
Carol Barry
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Student Success ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
College Access ◽  
School Counselor ◽  
High School Counselors ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
High School Counselor ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

High school counselors potentially hold a key position to help increase the number of U.S. students receiving post-secondary degrees, particularly to address inequalities that prevent certain students from successfully transitioning to college. Using the model of student success (Perna & Thomas, 2008), this study reviewed the literature to understand how various contexts (social, school, family, student) shape high school counselor interactions with students as they work to improve post-secondary outcomes of college access and enrollment.

scholarly journals Fertility of Aboriginal People in Canada: An Overview of Trends at the Turn of the 21st Century

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Dominique Morency ◽  
Éric Caron-Malenfant ◽  
David Daignault
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
First Nations ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Aboriginal Population ◽  
National Household Survey

This paper aims to give an overview of trends regarding the fertility of Aboriginal people in Canada at the turn of the 21st century (mostly between 1996 and 2011). Total fertility rates and fertility rates by age group are presented for the Aboriginal population as a whole, but also for First Nations, Métis, and Inuit, as well as for the population with Registered Indian status, using various data sources (past censuses, National Household Survey, vital statistics, and Indian Register). Results of a multivariate analysis are presented. This multivariate analysis is conducted in order to improve our understanding of the dynamic behind the fertility behaviour of the Aboriginal population.

Co-residence between Adult Children and their Elderly Parents in England and Wales

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Grundy ◽  
Anne Harrop
Keyword(s):  
Adult Children ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Elderly Parents ◽  
Elderly Parent ◽  
Informal Carers ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
General Household Survey

ABSTRACTCo-residence between adult children aged 35 or more and their elderly parent(s) or parent(s)-in-law has been investigated using data from the Office of the Population Censuses and Surveys (OPCS) Longitudinal Survey and the 1985 General Household Survey supplement on informal carers. Overall 4 per cent of adults lived with a parent or parent-in-law but this proportion varied considerably with age, marital status and gender. Socio-economic differentials in co-residence were also found. These suggested that where the child is the provider of support to an elderly parent co-residence may be associated with socio-economic advantage. Differentials in co-residence rates and differences between co-residence data from the Longitudinal Study (LS) and data on co-resident carers from the General Household Survey (GHS) also point to the important role of elderly people as providers of support to adult children. In conclusion, the implications of these data for policies of community care are considered.

scholarly journals Factors associated with access to healthcare in Burkina Faso: evidence from a national household survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilaire Zon ◽  
Milena Pavlova ◽  
Wim Groot
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Geographical Access ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background Burkina Faso has undertaken major reforms, the cornerstone of which has been the decentralization of the health system to increase access to primary healthcare and to increase the effectiveness, efficiency, financial viability and equity of health services. This study aims to analyze the socio-demographic determinants of households’ access to healthcare in Burkina Faso. Methods We used data from a national household survey conducted in 2014 in Burkina Faso. We carried out binary logistic and linear regression analysis using data from a national household survey. The statistical analysis explored the associations between socio-demographic characteristics on the one side, and the use of health services, satisfaction with health services and expenditures on health services, on the other side. Results The findings indicate an association between age, education, income and use of services (p < 0.0005). The results show that healthcare users’ satisfaction is influenced by age, the association is stronger with the age group under 24 (p < 0.0005) than the age group of 25–39 (p < 0.005). An association was found between the age group under 15 (p < 0.005), the type of health facility used (p < 0.0005), the distance traveled to health facilities (p < 0.005) and households’ individuals’ health expenditure. Conclusion Specific policies are needed to enhance geographical access to healthcare, financial access to and satisfaction with healthcare in moving towards universal health coverage (UHC).

scholarly journals The Role of Teachers’ Pancasila and Civic Education as Motivator in Political Education

JURNAL IQRA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-319
Author(s):  
Mega Silvia ◽  
Helmi Hasan ◽  
Sa’dulloh Muzammil
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Civic Education ◽  
Political Education ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Role Of Teachers ◽  
Using Data

The aim of this study was to explore the role of teachers’ Pancasila and Civic Education (PPKn) as motivator in political education. The research was conducted at State of Senior High School 1 (SMAN 1) and State of Senior of High School 10 (SMAN 10) at Padang City. This research had employed a qualitative research with comparative studies. The data were analyzed using data analysis techniques, data presentation, and concluding. The validity of the data was tested by source triangulation. The result showed that the role of Teachers’ Pancasila and Civic Education not only educating the character of the nation's generation but emphasize the role of Teachers’ Pancasila and Civic Education as motivators in political education. Where the teacher as a motivator plays a role to give encouragement, enthusiasm, and intelligence to students in understanding political education. Keywords: Pancasila and Civic Education, PPkn, Political Education

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