FOOD MATRICES FOR THE DELIVERY OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE PEPTIDES IN FUNCTIONAL FOODS

Many food-derived peptides with antihypertensive activity have been reported. However, a reduced number of studies have been conducted to prove in vivo the efficacy of most of the currently reported antihypertensive peptides. Thus, just a few of these bioactive peptides are utilized as supplements or ingredients for functional foods production. In addition to in vivo evaluations, another challenging task is the delivery of bioactive peptides in physiological conditions, but studies about this topic are scarce. Notably, some proteins are able to form gels that have different characteristics related to the pH of the environment. Bioactive peptides can be entrapped into such gels structure and be released in different physiological environments (e. g. low pH in the stomach and neutral in the intestine). Thus, the selection of macronutrients could play a critical role in the design of food matrices intended to be used as containers and releasers of antihypertensive peptides.

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Bioaccessibility of Anthocyanins on in vitro Digestion Mmodels: Factors Implicated and Role in Functional Foods Development

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867328666211123102536 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriel Prado ◽

Isidora Pierattini ◽

Guiselle Villarroel ◽

Fernanda Fuentes ◽

Alejandra Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Foods ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Food Product ◽

In Vitro Digestion ◽

Raw Material ◽

Simulated Digestion ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Food Matrices

Background: Worldwide, the prevalence of obesity and related non-communicable chronic diseases is high and continues to grow. In that sense, anthocyanins (ANC) have shown beneficial health effects in preventing obesity and metabolic risk factors. Moreover, the demand for functional foods incorporating these compounds has risen significantly in the past years. Thus, there is a need for validations of the functional properties of these formulations; nevertheless, in vivo assays are complex and require a lot of resources. One approach for estimating bioactive compounds' functionality and health benefits is to evaluate their bioaccessibility on a specific food matrix, determined by various factors. This article aims to review different factors influencing the bioaccessibility of ANC evaluated on in vitro digestion models as a functionality parameter, elucidating the effect of chemical composition, raw materials, food matrices, and vehicles for the delivery of ANC. Methods: Study searches were performed using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. Results: Different factors influenced bioaccessibility and stability of ANC studied by in vitro digestion which are: i) the raw material used for ANC obtention; ii) food processing; iii) other food components; iv) the extraction method and solvents used; v) the structure of ANC; vi) delivery system (e.g., microencapsulation); vii) pH of the medium; viii) the digestion stage. Conclusion: Simulated digestion systems allow to determine free or encapsulated ANC bioaccessibility in different food matrices, which offers advantages in determining the potential functionality of a food product.

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Normal Thymocyte Negative Selection in TRAIL-deficient Mice

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.20030634 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 198 (3) ◽

pp. 491-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Erika Cretney ◽

Adam P. Uldrich ◽

Stuart P. Berzins ◽

Andreas Strasser ◽

Dale I. Godfrey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Selection ◽

Fas Ligand ◽

Critical Role ◽

Death Receptor ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Immunological Tolerance ◽

Trail Signaling ◽

Selection Of

The molecular basis of thymocyte negative selection, which plays a critical role in establishing and maintaining immunological tolerance, is not yet resolved. In particular, the importance of the death receptor subgroup of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-family has been the subject of many investigations, with equivocal results. A recent report suggested that TRAIL was a critical factor in this process, a result that does not fit well with previous studies that excluded a role for the FADD-caspase 8 pathway, which is essential for TRAIL and Fas ligand (FasL) signaling, in negative selection. We have investigated intrathymic negative selection of TRAIL-deficient thymocytes, using four well-established models, including antibody-mediated TCR/CD3 ligation in vitro, stimulation with endogenous superantigen in vitro and in vivo, and treatment with exogenous superantigen in vitro. We were unable to demonstrate a role for TRAIL signaling in any of these models, suggesting that this pathway is not a critical factor for thymocyte negative selection.

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Perspectives on the Potential Benefits of Antihypertensive Peptides towards Metabolic Syndrome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21062192 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 2192 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Forough Jahandideh ◽

Jianping Wu

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Bioactive Peptides ◽

Renin Angiotensin System ◽

Angiotensin System ◽

Physiological Models ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Antihypertensive Peptides

In addition to the regulation of blood pressure, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) also plays a key role in the onset and development of insulin resistance, which is central to metabolic syndrome (MetS). Due to the interplay between RAS and insulin resistance, antihypertensive compounds may exert beneficial effects in the management of MetS. Food-derived bioactive peptides with RAS blocking properties can potentially improve adipose tissue dysfunction, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance involved in the pathogenesis of MetS. This review discusses the pathophysiology of hypertension and the association between RAS and pathogenesis of the MetS. The effects of bioactive peptides with RAS modulating effects on other components of the MetS are discussed. While the in vivo reports on the effectiveness of antihypertensive peptides against MetS are encouraging, the exact mechanism by which these peptides infer their effects on glucose and lipid handling is mostly unknown. Therefore, careful design of experiments along with standardized physiological models to study the effect of antihypertensive peptides on insulin resistance and obesity could help to clarify this relationship.

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SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase (STUbL) Slx5 regulates proteolysis of centromeric histone H3 variant Cse4 and prevents its mislocalization to euchromatin

Molecular Biology of the Cell ◽

10.1091/mbc.e15-12-0827 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 1500-1510 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Kentaro Ohkuni ◽

Yoshimitsu Takahashi ◽

Alyona Fulp ◽

Josh Lawrimore ◽

Wei-Chun Au ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ubiquitin Ligase ◽

Genome Stability ◽

Critical Role ◽

Histone H3 ◽

E3 Ligases ◽

Physiological Conditions ◽

Histone H3 Variant ◽

Maintain Genome Stability

Centromeric histone H3, CENP-ACse4, is essential for faithful chromosome segregation. Stringent regulation of cellular levels of CENP-ACse4 restricts its localization to centromeres. Mislocalization of CENP-ACse4 is associated with aneuploidy in yeast and flies and tumorigenesis in human cells; thus defining pathways that regulate CENP-A levels is critical for understanding how mislocalization of CENP-A contributes to aneuploidy in human cancers. Previous work in budding yeast shows that ubiquitination of overexpressed Cse4 by Psh1, an E3 ligase, partially contributes to proteolysis of Cse4. Here we provide the first evidence that Cse4 is sumoylated by E3 ligases Siz1 and Siz2 in vivo and in vitro. Ubiquitination of Cse4 by the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO)-targeted ubiquitin ligase (STUbL) Slx5 plays a critical role in proteolysis of Cse4 and prevents mislocalization of Cse4 to euchromatin under normal physiological conditions. Accumulation of sumoylated Cse4 species and increased stability of Cse4 in slx5∆ strains suggest that sumoylation precedes ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of Cse4. Slx5-mediated Cse4 proteolysis is independent of Psh1, since slx5∆ psh1∆ strains exhibit higher levels of Cse4 stability and mislocalization than either slx5∆ or psh1∆ strains. Our results demonstrate a role for Slx5 in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of Cse4 to prevent its mislocalization and maintain genome stability.

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Application of fuzzy VIKOR method for the evaluation and selection of a suitable tugboat

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part M Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment ◽

10.1177/1475090219875879 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 234 (2) ◽

pp. 502-509

Author(s):

Abit Balin ◽

Bekir Şener ◽

Hakan Demirel

Keyword(s):

Shannon Entropy ◽

Subject Matter ◽

Critical Role ◽

Subject Matter Experts ◽

Vikor Method ◽

Propulsion Systems ◽

Financial Factors ◽

Fuzzy Vikor ◽

Different Characteristics ◽

Selection Of

Tugboats have a very critical role in numerous fields of the maritime sector. There are many types of tugboats with different characteristics that give superior results in different operations. Choosing the most suitable tugboat type for the desired operation is a multi-criteria problem that requires expertise. The design features of the tugboat and the propulsion system are important features used for classification. In addition, operational, environmental, and financial factors are also of considerable importance. In this article, determined criteria for tugboats classified according to their propulsion systems have been evaluated by subject-matter experts through a questionnaire. Fuzzy Shannon Entropy has been used to calculate the weights of each determined criterion. Then, fuzzy VIKOR was selected to rank the alternatives due to good compatibility with Entropy and the ability to adequately distinguish the table values that compose the ranking. Finally, the most suitable tugboat type was chosen in accordance with these results.

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Purification, characterization, synthesis, in vivo and in vitro antihypertensive activity of bioactive peptides derived from coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) cake globulin hydrolysates

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c6ra19971b ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (95) ◽

pp. 92688-92698 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yan Li ◽

Yajun Zheng ◽

Yufeng Zhang ◽

Liyun Liu ◽

Songlin Zhao

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Peptides ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Antihypertensive Activity ◽

Cocos Nucifera L

This paper reports the purification, characterization,in vivoandin vitroantihypertensive activity of two novel peptides derived from coconut cake globulin hydrolysates.

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In vitro and in vivo antihypertensive activity of palm kernel cake protein hydrolysates: Sequencing and characterization of potent bioactive peptides

Industrial Crops and Products ◽

10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.06.040 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 76 ◽

pp. 112-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Mohammad Zarei ◽

Bita Forghani ◽

Afshin Ebrahimpour ◽

Azizah Abdul-Hamid ◽

Farooq Anwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Peptides ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Antihypertensive Activity ◽

Palm Kernel Cake

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Forces and torques in the nucleus: chromatin under mechanical constraintsThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled 29th Annual International Asilomar Chromatin and Chromosomes Conference, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.

Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/o08-123 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 87 (1) ◽

pp. 307-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Christophe Lavelle

Keyword(s):

Single Molecule ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Peer Review Process ◽

Critical Role ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Dynamic Changes ◽

Physical Constraints ◽

Mechanical Constraints ◽

Selection Of

Genomic DNA in eukaryotic cells is organized in discrete chromosome territories, each consisting of a single huge hierarchically supercoiled nucleosomal fiber. Through dynamic changes in structure, resulting from chemical modifications and mechanical constraints imposed by numerous factors in vivo, chromatin plays a critical role in the regulation of DNA metabolism processes, including replication and transcription. Indeed, DNA-translocating enzymes, such as polymerases, produce physical constraints that chromatin has to overcome. Recent techniques, in particular single-molecule micromanipulation, have allowed precise quantization of forces and torques at work in the nucleus and have greatly improved our understanding of chromatin behavior under physiological mechanical constraints. These new biophysical approaches should enable us to build realistic mechanistic models and progressively specify the ad hoc and hazy “because of chromatin structure” argument often used to interpret experimental studies of biological function in the context of chromatin.

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The necessity of enzymatically hydrolyzed walnut protein to exert antihypertensive activity based on in vitro simulated digestion and in vivo verification

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo00427a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dandan Liu ◽

Yiting Guo ◽

Junsong Zhu ◽

Weijie Tian ◽

Min Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Degradation ◽

Bioactive Peptides ◽

Antihypertensive Activity ◽

Simulated Digestion

Since not all proteins are suitable for preparing bioactive peptides by enzymatic degradation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the necessity of walnut protein (WP) enzymolysis to exert...

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