scholarly journals La microbiota del tracto digestivo de camarones peneidos: una perspectiva histórica y estado del arte//The gut microbiota of penaeid shrimp: a historical perspective and state of the art

Biotecnia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Estefanía Garibay-Valdez ◽  
Marcel Martínez-Porchas ◽  
Kadiya Calderón ◽  
Teresa Gollas-Galván ◽  
Luis R. Martínez- Córdova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Total Population ◽  
New Records ◽  
Penaeid Shrimp ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
The Relationship

La microbiota del tracto digestivo es diversa y provee grandes beneficios al hospedero; participando en múltiples funciones relacionadas con su estado de salud, nutrición y crecimiento. Recientemente ha cobrado relevancia el estudio del papel de la microbiota en organismos de importancia acuícola, incluyendo a camarones peneidos. Los estudios pioneros en conocer la relación de los microorganismos en el desarrollo de camarones peneidos utilizaron técnicas dependientes de cultivo. A pesar de los novedosos hallazgos, esto representó solo una pequeña fracción del total de la población; sin embargo, estas primeras aproximaciones permitieron vislumbrar el rol relevante de la microbiota en la biología de estos crustáceos. Más tarde, el desarrollo de métodos basados en técnicas moleculares extendió el panorama con nuevos registros de bacterias no cultivables en estos ambientes, elucidando el efecto de diversos factores incluyendo dieta, antibióticos, probióticos, prebióticos y enfermedades sobre la modulación de la microbiota del tracto digestivo. Sin embargo, el desarrollo de técnicas de secuenciación masiva de alto rendimiento, comenzó a proporcionar bases de datos más robustas, permitiendo conocer no solo qué microorganismos están presentes en un organismo dado, sino también conocer sus funciones y roles potenciales. Hasta el momento se cuenta con descripciones de la composición de la microbiota del tracto digestivo de camarones peneidos y del como el manejo de estos microorganimos tiene beneficios en la respuesta productiva y estado de salud; sin embargo, es necesario continuar comprendiendo la relación microbiotahospedero. La presente revisión analiza la situación actual y plantea las perspectivas futuras para el estudio de la microbiota de camarones peneidos.ABSTRACTThe digestive tract microbiota is diverse and can provide great benefits to the host, participating in multiple functions related to its health, nutrition and growth. Recently, the microbiota study of important aquaculture species including penaeid shrimp has gained relevance. The first research efforts in the knowledge of the relationship between microorganisms and penaeid shrimp development used culture-dependent techniques. In spite of the novel findings, this represented only a small fraction of the total population; however, these first approaches allowed knowing the relevant role of microbiota in the biology of these crustaceans. Later, the development of methods based on molecular techniques, increased the panorama with new records of nonculturable bacteria in these environments, elucidating the effect of diverse factors including diet, antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and disease on the digestive tract microbiota modulation. However, the rise of high throughput sequencing, began providing robust datasets, allowing to know not only which microbes are present in a given organism, but reveal their functions and potential roles. So far, descriptions of the microbiota composition of the digestive tract of penaeid shrimp are available, as well as on how the management of these microorganisms benefits the productive response and health status; however, it is necessary to continue comprehending the microbiota-host relationship. The present review analyzes the current situation and future perspectives in the study of penaeid shrimp microbiota

The role and relationship of mindreading and social attunement in HRI – position statements of interdisciplinary researchers. Workshop HRI'20

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wykowska ◽  
Jairo Pérez-Osorio ◽  
Stefan Kopp
Keyword(s):  
Mental States ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This booklet is a collection of the position statements accepted for the HRI’20 conference workshop “Social Cognition for HRI: Exploring the relationship between mindreading and social attunement in human-robot interaction” (Wykowska, Perez-Osorio & Kopp, 2020). Unfortunately, due to the rapid unfolding of the novel coronavirus at the beginning of the present year, the conference and consequently our workshop, were canceled. On the light of these events, we decided to put together the positions statements accepted for the workshop. The contributions collected in these pages highlight the role of attribution of mental states to artificial agents in human-robot interaction, and precisely the quality and presence of social attunement mechanisms that are known to make human interaction smooth, efficient, and robust. These papers also accentuate the importance of the multidisciplinary approach to advance the understanding of the factors and the consequences of social interactions with artificial agents.

The Relationship Between Attachment Orientations and University Adjustment Among Freshmen: Mediating Role of Perceived Stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 152102512096201
Author(s):  
Ayşe I. Kural ◽  
Berrin Özyurt
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Attachment Orientations ◽  
University Adjustment ◽  
The Relationship

In the current study, we examine the novel hypothesis that perceived stress is a mechanism through which the relationship between attachment orientations and university adjustment can be explained. Present study explored both attachment orientations and perceived stress regarding adjustment; and perceived stress as mediator for the relationship between attachment orientations and adjustment among in 277 university freshmen. Attachment anxiety and avoidance positively correlated with perceived stress whereas resulted in poor university adjustment. Perceived stress partially mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety and poor university adjustment. The findings suggest that enhancing attachment security and stress management skills among insecurely attached students may lead to greater university adjustment.

Introduction: Religion and the Novel

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-33
Author(s):  
Christina Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Postcolonial Studies ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Postcolonial Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Religion And Literature ◽  
Religious Other ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter introduces the topic of religion and literature, theorises the novel as a secular genre, and develops a concept of religion as the other in the Arabic novel. It begins with a discussion of the relationship between religion and literature, identifying imagination, metaphorical language and mythos as areas of overlap, before turning to the question of religion and the Arabic novel as a modern form which eschews faith and dogma but is nevertheless packed with religious themes, images, characters, language and intertextuality. This is accounted for by the form’s secularism, which is theorised in terms of Charles Taylor’s conditions of belief. Literary secularism is not static and stable however, thus religion emerges as the other in the Egyptian novel, with all the ambivalence which alterity characteristically entails. This religious other calls into question postcolonial studies’ over-valorisation of the East/West binary insofar as it has obscured the critical role of religion in Arab postcolonial literature and identity.

scholarly journals Orexin signaling modulates synchronized excitation in the sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus to stabilize REM sleep

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Feng ◽  
Si-Yi Wen ◽  
Qi-Cheng Qiao ◽  
Yu-Jie Pang ◽  
Sheng-Yun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Brain State ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Tegmental Nucleus ◽  
Muscle Atonia ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Junction Conductance

Abstract The relationship between orexin/hypocretin and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep remains elusive. Here, we find that a proportion of orexin neurons project to the sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus (SLD) and exhibit REM sleep-related activation. In SLD, orexin directly excites orexin receptor-positive neurons (occupying ~3/4 of total-population) and increases gap junction conductance among neurons. Their interaction spreads the orexin-elicited partial-excitation to activate SLD network globally. Besides, the activated SLD network exhibits increased probability of synchronized firings. This synchronized excitation promotes the correspondence between SLD and its downstream target to enhance SLD output. Using optogenetics and fiber-photometry, we consequently find that orexin-enhanced SLD output prolongs REM sleep episodes through consolidating brain state activation/muscle tone inhibition. After chemogenetic silencing of SLD orexin signaling, a ~17% reduction of REM sleep amounts and disruptions of REM sleep muscle atonia are observed. These findings reveal a stabilization role of orexin in REM sleep.

The mediating role of maladaptive perfectionism in the association between psychological control and learned helplessness

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pina Filippello ◽  
Rosalba Larcan ◽  
Luana Sorrenti ◽  
Caterina Buzzai ◽  
Susanna Orecchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Learned Helplessness ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Parental Psychological Control ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Maladaptive Perfectionism ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the extensive research on parental psychological control, no study has explored the relation between parental and teacher psychological control, maladaptive perfectionism and learned helplessness (LH). The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) whether perceived teacher psychological control predicts positively LH, (2) whether perceived parental psychological control predicts maladaptive perfectionism, and (3) whether the association between perceived parental and teacher psychological control and LH is mediated by maladaptive perfectionism. In a sample of 433 participants, 268 females (61.9%) and 165 males (38.1%), ranged in age from 13 to 19 years ( M = 15.38, standard deviation (SD) = 1.18), it was found that teacher psychological control has a more relevant role in the prediction of LH than parental control. Moreover, maladaptive perfectionism was a full mediator of the relationship between perceptions of teacher psychological control and LH. These results extend previous studies on teacher psychological control and, for the first time, provide evidence for the relation with LH, identifying maladaptive perfectionism as a variable that accounts for the relation between teacher psychological control and LH.

scholarly journals The Representation of Cyprus’s Trauma in Andrea Busfield’s Aphrodite’s War: Conflict or Dialogue?

2017 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Ingrida Eglė Žindžiuvienė
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Collective Trauma ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Transgenerational Trauma ◽  
Trauma Narrative ◽  
National Trauma ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trauma Fiction

The aim of this article is to examine the representation of the events in Cyprus in the middle and second half of the twentieth century as depicted in Andrea Busfield’s novel Aphrodite’s War (2010). The article discusses the methods and narrative strategies of disclosing collective trauma and considers the fact-fiction dimension, arguing the presence of it in a trauma narrative. Narrative strategies in trauma fiction are discussed and the author’s approach to the restatement of the national trauma is analysed. It is debated whether the novel can be described as a post-trauma testimony and whether the narrative is constructed on unified memory concepts. Postmemory is viewed within the framework of transgenerational trauma and the role of collective memory in the transmission of trauma is emphasised. Based on the ethical charge of the narrative, the reader’s status in the relationship with a trauma novel is questioned.

scholarly journals Melanin, from an Evolutionary Remnant to the Myeloid Lineage Cell’s Main Energy Source. The Unsuspected Intrinsic Property of Melanin to Dissociate the Molecule from Water. Possible Implications in the Context of Acute Leukemias

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Solís Herrera ◽  
Ruth I. Solís Arias ◽  
Luis F. Torres Solís
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Intrinsic Property ◽  
Water Dissociation ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
New Era ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Energy Transducer ◽  
The Relationship

Melanin is one of the most stable substances known. The study of the ink bags of fossilized squid that died 160 million years ago has found it in good condition. Its extraordinary stability is what had prevented, to date; assign a relevant role in biology. Sir Everard Holmes’ proposal in London; in the eighteenth century, about the role of melanin as a simple sunscreen, it has permeated to this day, especially among dermatologists. Despite the unique physical–chemical qualities of melanin, its biological role as a simple sunscreen that protects us from the dangerous UV rays remained immutable. Our circumstantial discovery during an observational study that lasted 12 years (1990–2002) and which included the ophthalmologic studies of 6000 patients, about the relationship between the vessels of the optic nerve and the three main causes of blindness (Macular degeneration, diabetes, and glaucoma) allowed us to discern the unexpected and surprising true role of melanin in Biology as an energy transducer. The unsuspected intrinsic property of melanin to transform light into chemical energy through water dissociation, like chlorophyll in plants; opens a new era in Biology and therefore in Medicine. And Acute Leukemias are no exception.

scholarly journals L’influence du genre à la transmission de la mémoire : Cas de Dora Bruder de Patrick Modiano

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 00022
Author(s):  
Fauzan Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
First Person ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Patrick Modiano ◽  
Cultural Experiences ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Relationship

<p class="Abstract">Such cultural experiences have a possibility to be embedded in a memory of one generation. But there are mostly in form of traumatic experiences. And then, we learn that these memories could be transferred onto their children, or we could say it as “post generation”. In the novel <i>Dora Bruder</i>, such things happen when the author, Patrick Modiano, plays his attribute in composing genres to arrange and transfer his message. The story mainly concerns as the narrator try to find a missing girl named Dora Bruder. She was gone in 1941, or in the moment when Nazi was occupying France. This research aims to discover the relationship between the role of genre on emerging the message, particularly the traumatic ones by using the concept of genre and postmemory. From the analysis we conclude that Modiano use genres to transfer his message traumatic. It exists in form of the impression of absence. From the sensation of absence, he continues to transmit consecutively another impression of hollow, doubt, and also hope. For transferring his message and memory, Modiano mixes real documents and his fiction. He manifest them by constructing a story of another person and narrating it from the first-person point of view. He uses this technique to identify himself, because the “shared idea” of one’s could be related with another’s.</p>

scholarly journals miR-539 activates the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway to promote ferropotosis in colorectal cancer by directly targeting TIPE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yang ◽  
Zeyang Lin ◽  
Zhaopu Han ◽  
Zhengxin Wu ◽  
Jianyu Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Jnk Signaling Pathway ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Necrosis Factor

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor that harms human health with a high recurrence rate. It has been reported that the expression of microRNA-539 (miR-539) is low in several types of cancer, including CRC. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8/TIPE) is highly expressed in CRC and promotes the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of CRC. However, the relationship between miR-539 and TIPE and the mechanisms by which they regulate the proliferation of CRC remain to be explored. We aimed to investigate the functions and mechanisms of miR-539 in CRC proliferation. Functionally, miR-539 can bind to and regulate the expression of TIPE, and miR-539 activates SAPK/JNK to downregulate the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and promote ferroptosis. Our data reveal the novel role of miR-539 in regulating ferroptosis in CRC via activation of the SAPK/JNK axis, providing new insight into the mechanism of abnormal proliferation in CRC and a novel potential therapeutic target for advanced CRC.

scholarly journals Self-blame regret, fear of COVID-19 and mental health during post-peak pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacer Belen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The novel Coronavirus pandemic caused strong negative emotions including fear, and stress and impacted in mental health of individuals worldwide. One of the emotions linked with mental health and infectious disease is self-blame regret. Thus, current study investigated the role of fear of COVID-19 and perceived stress in the relationship between self-blame regret and depression. A community sample of 352 individuals in Turkey (71 % female and 29 % males), ranged between in age18 and 63 (M= 28.90±8.90), completed fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S), perceived stress (PSS-10), DASS-21 scales and responded to one item concerning the self-blame regret. Results demonstrated that self-blame regret is positively correlated with fear of COVID-19, perceived stress and depressive symptoms. Moreover, serial multiple mediation analyses demonstrated that both fear of COVID-19 and perceived stress mediated in the relationship between self-blame regret and depression. Findings and implications are discussed.

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