scholarly journals Zjawiska chemiczno-technologiczne podczas zabiegu cementowania otworu w aspekcie projektowania rur okładzinowych

Nafta-Gaz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-105
Author(s):  
Wiesław Wiesłw ◽  
◽  
Marcin Rzepka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Thin Wall ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Cement Sheath ◽  
Deep Boreholes ◽  
Drilling Muds

Borehole design is a complex and multidimensional question in terms of the number of issues to be resolved in terms of mechanical, environmental and public safety engineering requirements. In this article contains a review and evaluation of chemical phenomena and processes (not always correctly evaluated) that occur during the preparation of cement slurry and after its displacement during the formation of the gel structure of cement and cement sheath. As a result of the chemically complicated process of slurry gelation, a new structure is formed, i.e. steel pipe – sheath (cement stone) – a rock which in a specific way produces a specific type of load and stress in the annular space, and thus influences changes in hydrostatic pressure distribution. Such phenomena described in this article allow to understand the methodical approach to the process of designing pipes, especially in the aspect of collapse and burst of pipes with big diameter >13⅜″ and thin wall (in the 4th load regime). This does not mean that the tensile strength of pipes is not an important issue in pipe design, but it mainly concerns very deep boreholes, while collapse and burst of pipes occurs in special (often unforeseen) cases of full or partial evacuation for shallow pipe foundation in the hole. The article is based on extensive professional literature, as well as on numerous tests carried out at Oil and Gas Institute – National Research Institute on different types of cement slurries and drilling muds, and, moreover, on the relevant experience of the authors of the article, both in the field of slurry design and supervision of cement operations, as well as in the design and supervision of works related to drilling of various types of boreholes, including cement job and running casing.

Applications of Nanomaterials in Wellbore Fluids in Oil and Gas Fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Wei Na Di
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drill String ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Petroleum Engineering ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gas Channeling ◽  
Gas Fields

The application of nanomaterials in oil and gas fields development has solved many problems and pushed forward the development of petroleum engineering technology. Nanomaterials have also been used in wellbore fluids. Nanomaterials with special properties can play an important role in improving the strength and flexibility of mud cake, reducing friction between the drill string and wellbore and maintaining wellbore stability. Adding nanomaterials into the cement slurry can eliminate gas channeling through excellent zonal isolation and improve the cementing strength of cement stone, thereby facilitating the protection and discovery of reservoirs and enhancing the oil and gas recovery. This paper tracks the application progress of nanomaterials in wellbore fluids in oil and gas fields in recent years, including drilling fluids, cement slurries. Through the tracking and analysis of this paper, it is concluded that the applications of nanomaterials in wellbore fluids in oil and gas fields show a huge potential and can improve the performance of wellbore fluids.

The Effect of Opal-Containing Rocks on the Properties of Lightweight Oil-Well Cement

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Fedor L. Kapustin ◽  
N.N. Bashkatov ◽  
Rudolf Hela
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Cement Grinding

When constructing deep wells for oil and gas production in difficult geological conditions, special lightweight oil-well cements are used. To reduce the density and water separation of the cement slurry as well as to increase the strength, corrosion resistance of cement stone and the quality of well cementing, opal-containing rocks, fly ash, microsphere and other lightening additives are introduced into the cement composition. The influence of sedimentary rocks, such as opoka, tripoli, and diatomite containing from 43 to 81% amorphous silica on the grindability, rheological and physical-mechanical properties of lightweight oil-well Portland cement has been studied. The twelve cement compositions with different content of additives (from 30 to 45%) that meet the requirements of the standard for density, spreadability, water separation, thickening time and flexural strength were selected. The introduction of 45% diatomite or tripoli significantly reduces the duration of cement grinding, provides the cement slurry with water-cement ratio of 0.9 with better density and flexural strength, respectively, 1480 kg/m3 and 1.1–1.5 MPa.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Latex Powder and Rubber on the Properties of Oil Well Cement-Based Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjian Song ◽  
Mingbiao Xu ◽  
Weihong Liu ◽  
Xiaoliang Wang ◽  
Yumeng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
External Load ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Oil Well Cement ◽  
Well Cement

The brittleness and the poor resistance to external load of oil well cement impede the development of oil and gas wells. To overcome these deficiencies, latex powder or rubber and their hybrid combinations were used to modify the oil well cement. The conventional properties, mechanical properties, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the modified cement were analyzed. In comparison with latex powder-incorporated cement and rubber-incorporated cement, a significant improvement of fluid loss, flexural strength, impact strength, and elasticity of the cement slurry was observed when using the hybrid combinations of 3 wt.% latex powder and 2 wt.% rubber, although this synergistic effect was not remarkable on the compressive strength and the thickening time. These evidences arose from the synergism between latex powder and rubber leading to the formation of a three-dimensional network structure and a flexible structure which subsequently improved the elasticity and toughness of cement stone. The improved elastic matrix has a buffering effect on external impact when the cement stone is subjected to an external load.

Development and Implementation of the Method of Cementing Production Casing 178 mm with Pressure on the Cement Slurry on the East Part of the Orenburg Oil and Gas Condensate Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Viktorovich Miklyaev ◽  
Ivan Vyacheslavovich Denisov ◽  
Ivan Mikhailovich Gavrilin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Excess Pressure ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sustained Casing Pressure ◽  
Well Abandonment

Abstract Well construction in the Volga-Ural Region faces different sorts of complications, the most common ones being the loss of drilling fluids and rockslides. Such complications may cause considerable financial losses due to non-productive time (NPT) and longer well construction periods. Moreover, there are complications, which might occur both during well construction and during its exploitation. The commonest complications are sustained casing pressure (SCP) and annular flow. The complications, which occur when operating a well, also have a negative effect on the economic efficiency of well operation and call for additional actions, for example, repair and insulation works, which require well shutdown and killing, though a desired outcome still cannot be guaranteed; moreover, it is possible that several different operations may have to be carried out. In addition, the occurrence of SCP during well life is one of the most crucial problems that may cause well abandonment due to high risks posed by its operation. It is known that the main reasons for SCP are as follows: Channels in cement stone Casing leaks Leaks in wellhead connections To resolve the problem of cement stone channeling, several measures were taken, such as revising cement slurry designs, cutting time for setting strings on slips, applying two-stage cementing, etc. These measures were not successful, besides, they caused additional expenses for extra equipment (for example, a cementer). In order to reduce the risk of cement stone channeling, a cementing method is required that will allow to apply excess pressure on cement slurry during the period of transition and early strength development. To achieve this goal, a well-known method of controlled pressure cementing may be applied. Its main drawback, however, is that it requires much extra equipment, thus increasing operation expenses. In addition, the abovementioned method allows affecting the cement stone only during the operation process and / or during the waiting on cement (WOC) time. Upon receiving the results of the implemented measures and considering the existing technologies and evaluating the economic efficiency, the need was flagged for developing a combined cementing method. The goal of this method is to modify the production string cementing method with a view to applying excess pressure on cement stone during strength development and throughout the well lifecycle. The introduction of this lining method does not lead to an increase in well construction costs and considerably reduces the risks of losing a well from the production well stock.

scholarly journals Opracowanie receptur zaczynów cementowych do uszczelniania otworów o podwyższonych temperaturach w rejonie Karpat

Nafta-Gaz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-2017
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kut ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
High Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Deep Boreholes ◽  
Mixing Water

Works related to the drilling of a deep borehole must take into account the specific conditions at its bottom. This applies especially to high temperatures, exceeding 90–100°C, and pressures of 60–80 MPa. Such difficult downhole conditions have often posed many problems when developing appropriate compositions of cement slurries used for sealing columns of casing pipes. With each passing year, drilling companies make deeper and more complicated boreholes, more and more often exceeding 3000 m, which require the use of specially developed recipes of cement slurries when sealing the casing column. In deep boreholes (with very high temperature and pressure), a serious problem is to ensure a long pumping time of the cement slurry, which should be characterized by low viscosity, little or no free water and the lowest filtration possible. Therefore, it is necessary to select appropriate retardants that are resistant to high temperatures and additives ensuring the appropriate technological parameters of the slurries and cement stone. Pressure and temperature parameters increase with the depth of the borehole. Reservoir waters (brines of different mineralization) largely affect the hardened cement slurry, therefore cement slurries intended for deep boreholes should contain in their composition additives that increase thermal resistance, delay setting, lower filtration and improve resistance to chemical corrosion caused by the action of brines reservoir. The aim of the laboratory research was to develop innovative formulas of cement slurries for sealing boreholes, both crude oil and geothermal, with increased temperatures (up to about 130°C) located in the Carpathian region. During the implementation of the topic, laboratory tests were carried out on both cement slurries and cement stones obtained from them. Due to the industry’s interest in acquiring energy from sources other than crude oil and natural gas, a broader scope of laboratory tests covered cement slurries for sealing geothermal boreholes with controlled rheological parameters, which can be used at high reservoir temperatures to seal deep boreholes. The cement slurries were prepared with tap water with the addition of potassium chloride in the amount of 3, 6 and 10% bwow (in relation to the amount of water). The following agents were successively added to the mixing water: defoaming, adjusting the setting and thickening time, plasticizing and reducing filtration. Cement slurries were made with the addition of 10% latex and a latex stabilizer in the amount of 1% bwoc (both components in relation to the weight of dry cement). The other ingredients: microcement (nanocement), microsilica, hematite and cement were mixed together and then added to the mixing water. All cement slurries were prepared on the basis of drilling cement G. When all components blended, the cement slurry was mixed for 30 minutes followed by laboratory measurements such as: density, fluidity, readings from the Fann apparatus, water retention, filtration, thickening time. From among the developed cement slurries, those with the best rheological parameters were selected, then samples of cement stones were prepared from them. Cement slurries were cured for 48 hours in an environment of high temperature and pressure (downhole conditions). The obtained cement stones were tested for: compressive strength, bending strength, porosity, adhesion of cement stone to steel pipes.

PRESSURE CONTROL SYSTEM AT CEMENTATION OF WELLS

2017 ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
V. G. Kuznetsov ◽  
O. A. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Injection Speed ◽  
Pressure Control System ◽  
Effective Life

At cementing of casing of oil and gas wells during the process of injecting of cement slurry in the casing column the slurry can move with a higher speed than it’s linear injection speed. A break of continuity of fluid flow occurs, what can lead to poor quality isolation of producing formations and shorten the effective life of the well. We need to find some technical solution to stabilize the linear velocity of the cement slurry in the column. This task can be resolved with an automated control system.

Evaluation of the cement sheath safety after shaped charge perforation considering the criterion of cement stone destruction

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
S.E. Chernyshov ◽  
◽  
S.G. Ashikhmin ◽  
Yu.A. Kashnikov ◽  
A.D. Savich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shaped Charge ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Cement Sheath

Extending FMC Based Ultrasonic Imaging Practices to Smaller Wall Thickness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Pörtzgen ◽  
Ola Bachke Solem
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Ultrasonic Inspection ◽  
Ultrasonic Imaging ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Front Wall ◽  
Thin Wall ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Girth Welds

Abstract During the construction of pipelines for the transportation of oil and gas, the inspection of girth welds is a critical step to ensure the integrity and thereby the safety and durability of the pipeline. In this paper we present an advanced technology ‘IWEX’ for the non-destructive testing of welds based on 2D and 3D ultrasonic imaging. This technology allows for safe, fast, and accurate inspection whereby the results are presented comprehensively. This will be illustrated with results from a recent project. The IWEX technology is based on an ultrasonic inspection concept, whereby ‘fingerprints’ of ultrasonic signals are recorded, also referred to as ‘full matrix capture’ (FMC) data. Then, an image area is defined, consisting out of pixels over an area large enough to cover the inspection volume. With the FMC data, image amplitudes are calculated for each pixel so that the shape of geometry (back wall, front wall, cap, and root) and possible indications are revealed. As opposed to traditional ultrasonic testing strategies, the detection and sizing of indications is therefore less dependent on its orientation. The project concerned the inspection of J and V welds from a 5.56″ diameter carbon steel pipe with an 8.4mm wall thickness. The wall thickness is relatively thin compared to common inspection scopes. Therefore, the inspection set-up was adapted, and procedural changes were proposed. Consequently, additional validation efforts were required to demonstrate compliance with the required inspection standard; DNVGL-ST-F101: 2017. As part of this, welds were scanned with seeded indications and the reported locations were marked for macro slicing under witnessing of an independent representative from DNVGL. The resulting images from the indications in the welds showed great detail with respect to the position, orientation and height of the indications. A quantitative comparison with the results from the macro slices was performed, including a statistical analysis of the height sizing and depth positioning accuracies. From the analysis, it could be observed that the expected improvements with respect to the resolution and sizing accuracy were indeed achieved. Thereby, the procedure has proven to be adequate for the inspection of carbon steel girth welds within the thin wall thickness range (~6mm to ~15mm). The IWEX technology is a member of the upcoming inspection strategy based on imaging of ultrasonic FMC data. This strategy can be considered as the next step in the evolution of inspection strategies after phased array inspection. The IWEX technology has been witnessed and qualified by independent 3rd parties like DNVGL, this makes the IWEX technology unique in its kind and it opens opportunities for further acceptance in the industry and other inspection applications.

Claiming Spaces for Science

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-199
Author(s):  
Adam M. Sowards
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Scientific Authority ◽  
Competing Demands ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Reciprocal Process

Exploration has always centered on claims: for country, for commerce, for character. Claims for useful scientific knowledge also grew out of exploration’s varied activities across space and time. The history of the Canadian Arctic Expedition of 1913–18 exposes the complicated process of claim-making. The expedition operated in and made claims on many spaces, both material and rhetorical, or, put differently, in several natural and discursive spaces. In making claims for science, the explorer-scientists navigated competing demands on their commitments and activities from their own predilections and from external forces. Incorporating Arctic spaces into the Canadian polity had become a high priority during the era when the CAE traversed the Arctic. Science through exploration—practices on the ground and especially through scientific and popular discourse—facilitated this integration. So, claiming space was something done on the ground, through professional literature, and within popular narratives—and not always for the same ends. The resulting narrative tensions reveal the messy material, political, and rhetorical spaces where humans do science. This article demonstrates how explorer-scientists claimed material and discursive spaces to establish and solidify their scientific authority. When the CAE claimed its spaces in nature, nation, and narrative, it refracted a reciprocal process whereby the demands of environment, state, and discourse also claimed the CAE.

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