scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis and Food Safety System: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (06) ◽  
pp. 18206-18222
Author(s):  
Mahsa Alikord ◽  
◽  
E Molaee-aghaee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
World Health ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Health Organization

The new outbreak as unknown pneumonia that occurred in Wuhan province of China in December 2019, is a new coronavirus from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and has been termed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that usually cause respiratory illness. Since food plays an essential role in human health as an integral part of human life, food safety is critical in such cases. It is essential to adopt practical strategies in controlling the COVID-19 crisis. Also, extreme economic consequences and threats to human health were imposed in the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019-2021. Some studies have been published by World Health Organization (WHO), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and Food and Drug Administration (FDA); however, there is little information about food safety and COVID-19. Although COVID-19 transmission routes through food are not currently known, contamination through contaminated food and environmental surfaces cannot be ignored, especially in manufacturing companies, restaurants, and communities that are unsanitary. Nevertheless, World Health Organization precautions on good hygiene when preparing food, and recommends effective management of food safety during COVID-19. In food safety, COVID-19 is known as a potential risk through food especially in restaurants and industrial areas. There have been very few studies on the relationship between food safety and COVID- 19. Studies have shown that COVID-19 can survive longer than MERS-CoV in food stored at 4 °C. In the current situation, several methods are used to disinfect and control the spread of COVID-19 disease, some of which are not effective and can also have problems and limitations. Heat treatment, pasteurization, UV light-based, and chemical disinfectants can be ways to prevent COVID-19 probable transmission. The temperatures (30 or 40 °C) reduced the survival time of HCoVs on the inanimate surfaces. The cooking processes (70 °C) are effective in inactivating the virus in food. SARS-CoVs were inactivated by exposure to ultraviolet (254 nm) for 1 to 6 min with an increase of up to 400-fold. Also, usage of disinfectants can be effective for inanimate surfaces. This review summarizes the available data related to some topics and methods to inactivate COVID-19 and the role and importance of the food industry and food supply chain during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Anomaly Detection in Particulate Matter Sensor Using Hypothesis Pruning Generative Adversarial Network

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeong Hyeon Park ◽  
Won Seok Park ◽  
Yeong Beom Kim
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Human Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Generative Adversarial Network ◽  
Adversarial Network ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance

World Health Organization (WHO) provides the guideline for managing the Particulate Matter (PM) level because when the PM level is higher, it threats the human health. For managing PM level, the procedure for measuring PM value is needed firstly. We use Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM)-based PM measuring sensors because it shows higher cost-effectiveness than Beta Attenuation Monitor (BAM)-based sensor. However, TEOM-based sensor has higher probability of malfunctioning than BAM-based sensor. In this paper, we call the overall malfunction as an anomaly, and we aim to detect anomalies for the maintenance of PM measuring sensors. We propose a novel architecture for solving the above aim that named as Hypothesis Pruning Generative Adversarial Network (HP-GAN). We experimentally compare the several anomaly detection architectures to certify ours performing better.

scholarly journals Coronavirus Disease-19 (Covid-19) Pandemic Response Through The Universal Defense: The Role Of Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 606-616
Author(s):  
Atam ◽  
Pujo Widodo ◽  
Helda Risman
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The COVID-19 pandemic that began in Wuhan China has threatened the safety and affected all aspects of human life throughout the world both in European, American, African, Middle Eastern, Australian and Asian countries including Indonesia. The problem of the epidemic cannot yet be fully addressed by the World Health Organization (WHO) so that all countries in the world competing to find a vaccine to tackle the outbreak. The latest development of a case that has been declared a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) last March shows that more than 4 million people have been infected with fatalities of nearly three hundred thousand people in more than two hundred countries. This condition then gave rise to the question in the public how the role of state institutions in responding to threats to public security, especially the intelligence sector, whose information is not widely known to the public. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of Intelligence in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic within the framework of the defence of the Indonesian universe. Role theory is the author's analysis instrument to spell out the description of the role and importance of Intelligence in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is written in a qualitative methodology using a phenomenological approach and data collected from interviews and documentation studies. This research concludes that Intelligence has a real and significant role in the level of identification and detection of outbreaks and their impact so that it becomes a vital input in the formulation of policies relevant to the country in responding to the pandemic.

scholarly journals Critical Review of the Effects of Glyphosate Exposure to the Environment and Humans through the Food Supply Chain

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Torretta ◽  
Ioannis Katsoyiannis ◽  
Paolo Viotti ◽  
Elena Rada
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Global Market ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Synthesis Product ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Glyphosate is a synthesis product and chemical substance that entered in the global market during the 70s. In the beginning, the molecule was used as an active principle in a wide range of herbicides, with great success. This was mainly due to its systemic and non-selective action against vegetable organisms and also to the spread of Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) crops, which over the years were specifically created with a resistance to glyphosate. To date, the product is, for these reasons, the most sprayed and most used herbicide in the world. Because of its widespread diffusion into the environment, it was not long before glyphosate found itself at the center of an important scientific debate about its adverse effects on health and environment. In fact, in 2015 the IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France), an organization referred to as the specialized cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO, Geneva, Switzerland), classified the substance as “likely carcinogenic” to humans. This triggered an immediate and negative reaction from the producer, who accused the Agency and claimed that they had failed to carry out their studies properly and that these conclusions were largely contradictory to published research. Additionally, in 2015, just a few months after the IARC monography published on glyphosate, the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority, Parma, Italy), another WHO related organization, declared that it was “unlikely” that the molecule could be carcinogenic to humans or that it could cause any type of risk to human health. The conflict between the two organizations of the World Health Organization triggered many doubts, and for this reason, a series of independent studies were launched to better understand what glyphosate’s danger to humans and the environment really was. The results have brought to light how massive use of the herbicide has created over time a real global contamination that has not only affected the soil, surface and groundwater as well as the atmosphere, but even food and commonly used objects, such as diapers, medical gauze, and absorbent for female intimate hygiene. How human health is compromised as a result of glyphosate exposure is a topic that is still very debatable and still unclear and unambiguous. This paper is a review of the results of the main independent recent scientific studies.

scholarly journals Virus-Like Particles: Applications in Reverse Vaccinology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustin De Ganzó ◽  
Mercedes Pastorini ◽  
Cristina Borio ◽  
Mario Lozano ◽  
Sandra Goñi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Reverse Vaccinology ◽  
World Health ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Health Organization

Vaccination has been one of the most successful and the most significant scientific advances in human health and life expectancy all around the globe. The World Health Organization considers that immunization should be recognized as the main component of human health right, due to the fact that vaccination prevents 2.5 million deaths annually (World Health Organization, 2011). The most successful vaccines have been developed using conventional methods that follow the paradigm established by Pasteur: "to isolate, inactivate and inject" the pathogen microorganism and mimic a natural infection. Recently, metagenomics have played an important role in the discovery of new immunogens for vaccine design and the selection of antigens based on genomic information. The main approach that has used this strategy has been called "reverse vaccinology". This promising and arising field allows the screening of the entire potential antigenic repertoire of an organism using predictive bioinformatic tools. Once the antigenic protein or proteins have been selected, they are expressed and purified using molecular cloning and in vitro expression techniques. Following the in vitro production step, they are probed in animal models to evaluate the in vivo protective strength of the immune response. The main aim of this in vivo approach is to evaluate the ability of the immune response to eliminate or neutralize the pathogen at the time of infection. Those antigens capable of generate a specific immune response with neutralizing activity for natural infections are the best candidate vaccines. In this review we summarize the evolution of vaccinology since its inception, with special emphasis on the development of VLPs as vaccine platforms and their future in preventive medicine and we introduce a new recombinant platform for antigen presentation based on Junin virus VLPs (JUNV-VLPs).

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN LAMA TINGGAL DENGAN TINGKAT DEPRESI PADA LANJUT USIA DI PANTI SOSIAL TRESNA WERDHA ‘AGAPE’ TONDANO

e-CliniC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inri F. Moniung ◽  
Anita E. Dundu ◽  
Herdy Munayang
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Hamilton Depression Rate Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Limitations ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract: Depression is a serious problem in the society. According to World Health Organization in 2000, depression is on fourth rank in the world as the disease causing disability and will be raised to second rank of health problem in 2020. Elderly is a hard phase of human life. In this period, the elderly are often confronted with problems such as physical limitations and losing their role in society that could make them more susceptible to get depression. Moreover, elderly who stay at nursing home have the feeling as if they are not worthy anymore, be discarded from their family, and start blaming themselves. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional research design. Level of depression of fifty elderly people will be rated using the questionnaire of Hamilton Depression Rate Scale. data were statistically analyzed (univariate and bivariate). The results showed that 4.0% elderly were normal, 34.0% had mild depression, 56.0% had moderate depression, 6.0% had severe depression. There was no relation between length of stay with level of depression among elderly in Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Agape Tondano.Keywords: depression, elderly, Hamilton depression rate scale.Abstrak: World Health Organization menyatakan depresi berada pada urutan keempat penyakit di dunia penyebab kecacatan dan pada tahun 2020 akan meningkat menduduki peringkat kedua masalah kesehatan dunia. Masa lanjut usia merupakan tahap kehidupan yang tidak mudah. Pada periode ini lanjut usia dihadapkan dengan berbagai kendala baik kemunduran fisik maupun kehilangan peran sosialnya sehingga menyebabkan lanjut usia cenderung lebih rentan mengalami depresi. Lanjut usia yang tinggal di panti werdha karena terpaksa merasa tidak berharga, menyalahkan diri sendiri, dan merasa diri dibuang oleh keluarga. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Tingkatan depresi pada 50 orang lanjut usia dinilai dengan menggunakan kuesioner Hamilton Depression Rate Scale. Hasil penelitian diolah dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 4,0% lanjut usia tidak mengalami depresi, 34,0% lanjut usia dengan depresi ringan, 56,0% lanjut usia dengan depresi sedang, 6,0% dengan depresi berat. Tidak terdapat hubungan lama tinggal dan tingkat depresi pada lanjut usia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Agape Tondano.Kata kunci: depresi, lanjut usia, Hamilton depression rate scale

Trends in Food Bioactives in the COVID-19 Pandemic Year – JFB Audience

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereidoon Shahidi ◽  
Adriano Costa De Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
World Health ◽  
Industrial Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) stated that COVID-19 could be characterized as a pandemic in March 11, 2020. As for the food industry and related sectors, food safety and security were the first subject of concern.  Since there was no evidence that COVID-19 had any effect on food safety and security, the attention was changed to the potential of nutraceuticals and functional foods in positively affecting immunity in the context COVID-19. As for the feedstocks, our readership has shown a great deal of interest in fruits (e.g. pomegranate, grapes, berries, mushrooms, and soybean) and the industrial products thereof (e.g. wine, smoothies, miso), while lipids, peptides, and phenolic compounds were in the spotlight among the bioactive compounds. Considering the number of downloads of each paper, this report provides a cursory account of selected examples to illustrate the trends in food bioactives in the COVID-19 Pandemic Year.

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