scholarly journals Energy efficient solutions of server rooms air conditioning in climatic conditions of the moscow region

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.И. Евушкин ◽  
◽  
С.С. Шереметьев ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Moscow Region

scholarly journals Passive Cooling Solutions to Improve Thermal Comfort in Polish Dwellings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3648
Author(s):  
Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek ◽  
Krzysztof Grygierek ◽  
Anna Gumińska ◽  
Piotr Krawiec ◽  
Adrianna Oćwieja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Thermal Calculations ◽  
Family Building

The household sector in Poland consumes more than 25% of final energy. At the same time, residents reported dissatisfaction with the thermal conditions during the summer months. This paper details the search for passive and energy-efficient solutions to improve thermal comfort in Polish dwellings. A five-story, multi-family building was selected for this research. Analyses were conducted in apartments located on the top two floors using EnergyPlus (for thermal calculations) and CONTAM (for air exchange calculations) simulation programs for current and future climatic conditions. The stochastic behavior of people when opening windows and automatically controlled systems supplying external air to the building was considered. Airing the apartments by opening windows increased the heating demand but reduced the number of thermal discomfort hours by over 90%. The degree of airing by opening windows depends on residents opening their windows; therefore, a mechanical supply of external air controlled by both internal and external temperatures was proposed and tested.

scholarly journals Evaporative Cooling Options for Building Air-Conditioning: A Comprehensive Study for Climatic Conditions of Multan (Pakistan)

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shazia Noor ◽  
Hadeed Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Sultan ◽  
Zahid Mahmood Khan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Human Thermal Comfort ◽  
Work Input ◽  
System Configurations

This study provides comprehensive details of evaporative cooling options for building air-conditioning (AC) in Multan (Pakistan). Standalone evaporative cooling and standalone vapor compression AC (VCAC) systems are commonly used in Pakistan. Therefore, seven AC system configurations comprising of direct evaporative cooling (DEC), indirect evaporative cooling (IEC), VCAC, and their possible combinations, are explored for the climatic conditions of Multan. The study aims to explore the optimum AC system configuration for the building AC from the viewpoints of cooling capacity, system performance, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions. A simulation model was designed in DesignBuilder and simulated using EnergyPlus in order to optimize the applicability of the proposed systems. The standalone VCAC and hybrid IEC-VCAC & IEC-DEC-VCAC system configurations could achieve the desired human thermal comfort. The standalone DEC resulted in a maximum COP of 4.5, whereas, it was 2.1 in case of the hybrid IEC-DEC-VCAC system. The hybrid IEC-DEC-VCAC system achieved maximum temperature gradient (21 °C) and relatively less CO2 emissions as compared to standalone VCAC. In addition, it provided maximum cooling capacity (184 kW for work input of 100 kW), which is 85% higher than the standalone DEC system. Furthermore, it achieved neutral to slightly cool human thermal comfort i.e., 0 to −1 predicted mean vote and 30% of predicted percentage dissatisfied. Thus, the study concludes the hybrid IEC-DEC-VCAC as an optimum configuration for building AC in Multan.

scholarly journals Assessment Methodology for Efficiency, CO2-Emissions and Primary Energy Consumption for Refrigeration Technologies in the Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 882 ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Matthias Koppmann ◽  
Raphael Lechner ◽  
Tom Goßner ◽  
Markus Brautsch
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Primary Energy Consumption ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Chp System ◽  
The Individual

Process cooling and air conditioning are becoming increasingly important in the industry. Refrigeration is still mostly accomplished with compression chillers, although alternative technologies are available on the market that can be more efficient for specific applications. Within the scope of the project “EffiCool” a technology toolbox is currently being developed, which is intended to assist industrials users in selecting energy efficient and eco-friendly cooling solutions. In order to assess different refrigeration options a consistent methodology was developed. The refrigeration technologies are assessed regarding their efficiency, CO2-emissions and primary energy consumption. For CCHP systems an exergetic allocation method was implemented. Two scenarios with A) a compression chiller and B) an absorption chiller coupled to a natural gas CHP system were calculated exemplarily, showing a greater overall efficiency for the CCHP system, although the individual COP of the chiller is considerably lower.

Effect of Air Conditioning Position on Thermal Comfort in the Floor Air Conditioning System

2014 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Y.A. Sabtalistia ◽  
S.N.N. Ekasiwi ◽  
B. Iskandriawan
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Air Diffusion

Energy consumption for air conditioning systems (air conditioning system) increased along with the increasing need for fresh air and comfortable in the room especially apartments. FAC system (Floor Air Conditioning) is growing because it is more energy efficient than CAC (Ceiling Air Conditioning) system. However, the position of the AC supply is on the lower level at the FAC system causes draft discomfort becomes greater as air supply closer to the occupants so that thermal comfort can be reduced. Heat mixture of windows, exterior walls, kitchen, and occupants in the studio apartment affect thermal comfort in the room too.This study aims to determine the position of the AC supply which has the best thermal comfort of FAC system in the studio apartment. It can be done by analyzing ADPI (Air Diffusion Performance Index), the distribution of air temperature, wind speed, RH (Relative Humidity), and DR (Draft Risk) to change the position of the AC supply supported by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation.This result prove that AC position 2 (on wall near the kitchen) is more comfortable than AC position 1 (on the bathroom wall) because AC position 2 away from occupied areas, thereby reducing the occurrence of draught discomfort.

scholarly journals Feedforward Tactical Optimization for Energy-Efficient Operation of Freight Trains: The Swiss Case

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (10) ◽  
pp. 278-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio De Martinis ◽  
Ambra Toletti ◽  
Francesco Corman ◽  
Ulrich A. Weidmann ◽  
Andrew Nash
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Speed Profile ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
The North ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Profile Optimization

The optimization of rail operation for improving energy efficiency plays an important role for the current and future market of rail freight services and helps rail compete with other transport modes. This paper presents a feedforward simulation-based model that performs speed profile optimization together with minor rescheduling actions. The model’s purpose is to provide railway operators and infrastructure managers with energy-efficient solutions that are tailored especially for freight trains. This work starts from the assumption that freight train characteristics are completely defined only a few hours before actual departure; therefore, small specific feedforward adjustments that do not affect the surrounding operation can still be considered. The model was tested in a numerical example. The example clearly shows how the optimized solutions can be evaluated with reference to energy saved and robustness within the rail traffic. The evaluation is based on real data from the North–South corridor crossing Switzerland from Germany to Italy.

scholarly journals Problems of energy-efficient construction in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the development of a methodology for determining the energy efficiency of buildings and structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-199
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Efficient Construction ◽  
New Construction ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Housing Facilities

The progressive development of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan is impossible without solving the issues of increasing energy efficiency and energy conservation. These issues are very relevant in the construction sector of Kazakhstan. Housing facilities, on average, consume 2-3 times more heat per square meter, than buildings in Europe. However, in Kazakhstan until now there is no methodology for determining the energy efficiency of buildings and structures that meets modern requirements. The methodology discussed in this article is harmonized with EU requirements and establishes a method for calculating the annual energy consumption of buildings for heating, hot water, ventilation and air conditioning, taking into account auxiliary energy for the operation of these systems, and is intended for use in the design of new construction, reconstruction (modernization) residential and public buildings, as well as operated buildings and structures.

scholarly journals Study of a solar air conditioning system with ejector

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Ghodbane Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Solar Collector ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
The Face ◽  
Thermal Generator

Air conditioning is one of the indispensable conditions of well-being in human life, so the face of this research to provide this basic necessity in remote areas and in desert places far from power grids. To achieve this goal, solar air conditioning has been adopted, where the compressor was replaced by an ejector, a parabolic trough solar collector and a small pump; this means that the solar air conditioner does not need a huge amount of electrical energy to operate. This paper is studding the thermodynamic cycles of this air conditioner as a function of changing the climatic conditions of Bouzaréah region in Algeria under several practical conditions of heat exchangers (Condenser, Evaporator and Generator). This study will allow the determination of the optical and thermal efficiency of the solar collector used as a solar thermal generator, refrigeration subsystem performance (COPEje) and system thermal ratio of the air conditioner, where the cooling load is estimated at 18 kW.

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