scholarly journals Passive Cooling Solutions to Improve Thermal Comfort in Polish Dwellings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3648
Author(s):  
Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek ◽  
Krzysztof Grygierek ◽  
Anna Gumińska ◽  
Piotr Krawiec ◽  
Adrianna Oćwieja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Thermal Calculations ◽  
Family Building

The household sector in Poland consumes more than 25% of final energy. At the same time, residents reported dissatisfaction with the thermal conditions during the summer months. This paper details the search for passive and energy-efficient solutions to improve thermal comfort in Polish dwellings. A five-story, multi-family building was selected for this research. Analyses were conducted in apartments located on the top two floors using EnergyPlus (for thermal calculations) and CONTAM (for air exchange calculations) simulation programs for current and future climatic conditions. The stochastic behavior of people when opening windows and automatically controlled systems supplying external air to the building was considered. Airing the apartments by opening windows increased the heating demand but reduced the number of thermal discomfort hours by over 90%. The degree of airing by opening windows depends on residents opening their windows; therefore, a mechanical supply of external air controlled by both internal and external temperatures was proposed and tested.

Analysis of Building Materials for Indoor Thermal Performance and Thermal Comfort

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 472-476
Author(s):  
Harimi Djamila
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Whole Space ◽  
Least Energy

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest on energy saving in building sector.Passive cooling is considered the best strategy for improving the indoor thermal conditions and comfortwith lowest cost energy usage. In air-conditioned era, however, many designers have fully forgotten that the main objective of building thermal comfort is not to cool the whole space but rather the resident of the building with the least energy consumption. This investigation is about discussing some of the available passive cooling strategies based on experimental investigations. Results from this study showed that building materialsaffect the indoorair temperature, which in turn willaffect the indoor thermal comfort. Design strategies more suitable under tropical humid climatic conditions were suggested.

scholarly journals Building and Urban Cooling Performance Indexes of Wetted and Green Roofs—A Case Study under Current and Future Climates

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6192
Author(s):  
Madi Kaboré ◽  
Emmanuel Bozonnet ◽  
Patrick Salagnac
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Emission Scenario ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Indoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
The Impact

We developed and studied key performance indexes and representations of energy simulation heat fluxes to evaluate the performance of the evaporative cooling process as a passive cooling technique for a commercial building typology. These performance indexes, related to indoor thermal comfort, energy consumption and their interactions with their surrounding environments, contribute to understanding the interactions between the urban climate and building for passive cooling integration. We compare the performance indexes for current and future climates (2080), according to the highest emission scenario A2 of the Special Report on Emission Scenario (SRES). Specific building models were adapted with both green roof and wetted roof techniques. The results show that summer thermal discomfort will increase due to climate change and could become as problematic as winter thermal discomfort in a temperate climate. Thanks to evapotranspiration phenomena, the sensible heat contribution of the building to the urban heat island (UHI) is reduced for both current and future climates with a green roof. The performance of the vegetative roof is related to the water content of the substrate. For wetted roofs, the impacts on heat transferred to the surrounding environment are higher for a Mediterranean climate (Marseille), which is warmer and drier than the Paris climate studied (current and future climates). The impact on indoor thermal comfort depends on building insulation, as demonstrated by parametric studies, with higher effects for wetted roofs.

scholarly journals Impact of Passive Cooling on Thermal Comfort in a Single-Family Building for Current and Future Climate Conditions

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5332
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Grygierek ◽  
Izabela Sarna
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Building Simulations ◽  
Family Building

Today, there is a great deal of emphasis on reducing energy use in buildings for both economic and environmental reasons. Investors strongly encourage the insulating of buildings. Buildings without cooling systems can lead to a deterioration in thermal comfort, even in transitional climate areas. In this article, the effectiveness of natural ventilation in a passive cooling building is analyzed. Two options are considered: cooling with external air supplied to the building by fans, or by opening windows (automatically or by residents). In both cases, fuzzy controllers for the cooling time and supply airflow control are proposed and optimized. The analysis refers to a typical Polish single-family building. Simulations are made with the use of the EnergyPlus program, and the model is validated based on indoor temperature measurement. The calculations were carried out for different climate data: standard and future (warmed) weather data. Research has shown that cooling with external air can effectively improve thermal comfort with a slight increase in heating demand. However, to be able to reach the potential of such a solution, fans should be used.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DE CONDIÇÕES TÉRMICAS NOS BLOCOS DIDÁTICOS DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIÁS - REGIONAL CATALÃO

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Adiane Borges ◽  
Ed Carlo Rosa Paiva ◽  
Antover Panazzolo Sarmento ◽  
André Alves de Resende
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Effective Temperature ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Autumn And Winter

RESUMO: Este trabalho objetivou analisar as condições térmicas dos blocos didáticos da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional Catalão. O conforto térmico foi avaliado pela ISO 7730 (ISO, 2005) por meio dos índices PMV e PPD e das prescrições da NR 17 (BRASIL, 1978), enquanto o estresse térmico foi avaliado pelo valor máximo do IBUTG conforme a NR 15 (BRASIL, 1978) e a NHO 06 (BRASIL, 2002). As medições foram realizadas na sala 301 do Bloco Didático 1 (BD1) utilizando-se um medidor de estresse térmico para medir o IBUTG e as temperaturas de bulbo seco, bulbo úmido e globo, usadas para determinar a temperatura efetiva e os índices PMV e PPD com o auxílio dos programas Grapsi v. 5.1 e Ladesys v. 1.0. A sala foi considerada desconfortável por calor principalmente na primavera e verão, enquanto no outono e inverno houve dias confortáveis para ela desocupada, sem garantir que permaneceria confortável quando cheia de alunos. Possíveis soluções para o problema seria a colocação de brises na fachada esquerda do BD1, arborização e instalação de climatizadores. As contribuições deste trabalho envolveram a análise do desconforto térmico em uma instituição de ensino e os possíveis impactos na produtividade, motivação por mais pesquisas na área e a citação de estratégias para amenizar o desconforto térmico. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to analyze the thermal conditions of the Education Center at the Federal University of Goiás, Regional Catalão. Thermal comfort was evaluated by ISO 7730 (ISO 2005) through of PMV and PPD indexes and the requirements of NR 17 (BRAZIL, 1978), while the thermal stress was evaluated by the WBGT maximum value according to NR 15 (BRAZIL, 1978 ) and NHO 06 (BRAZIL, 2002). Measurements were performed at classroom 301 of the Education Center 1 using a thermal stress meter to measure the WBGT and dry bulb temperature, wet bulb and globe, used to determine the effective temperature and PMV and PPD indexes with the help of programs Grapsi v. 5.1 and Ladesys v. 1.0. The classroom was considered uncomfortable for heat mainly in spring and summer, while in autumn and winter there were comfortable days to empty classroom, without to ensure that it remained comfortable in the classroom full of students. Possible solutions to the problem would be put solar protections in the left side of the Education Center I, forestation and air conditioners installation. The contributions of this work involved the analysis of thermal discomfort in an educational institution and the possible impacts on productivity, motivation for further research in the area and the citation of strategies to mitigate the thermal discomfort.

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort Evaluation Using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Gładyszewska-Fiedoruk ◽  
Maria Jolanta Sulewska
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Comfort Evaluation ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Radiant Temperature

The thermal sensations of people differ from each other, even if they are in the same thermal conditions. The research was carried out in a didactic teaching room located in the building of the Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering in Poland. Tests on the temperature were carried out simultaneously with questionnaire surveys. The purpose of the survey was to define sensations regarding the thermal comfort of people in the same room, in different conditions of internal and external temperatures. In total 333 questionnaires were analyzed. After the discriminant and neural analyses it was found that it is not possible to forecast the thermal comfort assessment in the room based on the analyzed variables: gender, indoor air temperature, external wall radiant temperature, and outdoor air temperature. The thermal comfort assessments of men and women were similar and overlapped. The results of this study confirm that under the same thermal conditions about 85% of respondents assess thermal comfort as good, and about 15% of respondents assess thermal comfort as bad. The test results presented in this article are similar to the results of tests carried out by other authors in other climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort Level Assessment in Urban Area of Petrolina-PE County, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Vieira de Azevedo ◽  
Péricles Tadeu da Costa Bezerra ◽  
Mario de Miranda Vilas Boas Ramos Leitão ◽  
Carlos Antonio Costa dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract This study evaluated the thermal conditions of urban areas in Petrolina-PE, from continuous data collected in urban and rural areas for the year of 2012. The results characterized urban heat islands (UHI) with varying intensity in urban areas, especially UHI = 5.3 °C (high intensity) occurred on April 28, 2012. It was evident that the constituent elements of urban areas contribute to the formation and expansion of UHI bringing thermal discomfort for its inhabitants. An adaptation to Thom’s equation for calculating the Thermal Discomfort Index (DIT), was used to obtain the maximum (DITx) and minimum (DITm) thermal discomfort. In the urban area, the DITm indicated thermal comfort in 23.0% of the days and partial comfort in 77.0% of days surveyed. Already, the DITx characterized 71.6% of days with partial comfort and 28.4% of days with thermal discomfort. In the rural area, The DITm indicated that 41.5% of days were thermally comfortable and 58.5% of days had partial comfort. However, the DITx pointed 87.7% of the days of this environment with partial thermal comfort and 12.3% of thermally uncomfortable days. Finally, the results showed that afforestation of urban area constitutes to an effective and efficient way to mitigate thermal discomfort.

scholarly journals KENYAMANAN TERMAL ADAPTIF MAHASISWA DI UNIVERSITAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI JAYAPURA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Indah Sari Zulfiana
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Adaptive Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Preferences

To get good quality learning, a comfortable study room is needed both visually, audally and thermally. Thermal comfort is greatly influenced by the climatic conditions of a region. In areas with high daily air temperature, high humidity and low air velocity, it is difficult to produce thermal comfort with natural air conditioning. Jayapura City is one of the cities in Indonesia with daily air temperature and high humidity and low air velocity. Therefore, adaptive processes are needed to achieve thermal comfort in spaces, including study rooms. Each human's adaptive thermal comfort is different according to local climatic conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the adaptive thermal comfort of students in naturally ventilated classrooms at the Jayapura University of Science and Technology (USTJ) in the city of Jayapura, Papua, namely students 'neutrality, acceptance and thermal preferences, as well as students' adaptive behavior in achieving thermal comfort. This research was conducted in one of USTJ's classrooms in Jayapura, Papua. Four environmental parameters were measured, namely temperature, humidity, wind speed, and mean radiant temperature (MRT). The data were obtained through filling out a questionnaire to 100 USTJ students during the space measurement. Thermal neutrality data were analyzed using regression analysis using SPSS software, while thermal acceptance and preference and adaptive behavior were analyzed based on the results of the questionnaire answers. The results showed that USTJ students' thermal neutrality was at 29.°C Ta or 29.55°C Top. all students can accept the thermal conditions of the room, but 59% of students choose to want the room to be cooler due to their thermal preferences. The adaptive behavior that is carried out is turning on the fan, picking up objects to be used as a fan, leaving the room and drinking more often.

scholarly journals Integrating Passive Thermal Comfort Features with Seismic Retrofitting Techniques for Nonengineered Housing in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Yasmin Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seismic Retrofitting ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Climatic Characteristics

<p>The lack of seismic provisions for non‐engineered buildings in developing countries is corroborated by the high fatality rates during earthquakes and is a source of major concern. As a means for promoting seismic retrofitting among the low‐income population in India, this study investigates the integration of passive thermal comfort features with retrofitting techniques in order to provide day‐to‐day benefits in addition to the structural safety required for earthquakes.  Three separate regions in India with the same level of seismic risk and differing climatic conditions are addressed in this study in order to consider the varying thermal comfort requirements within the same required level of seismic resistance. These are: Gujarat, Jammu & Kashmir, and Sikkim, which are typical of hot‐dry, composite and cold climates respectively, and are located in areas with high seismicity (Seismic zone IV by Indian seismic code standards).  The development of suitable integrative techniques is not solely a structural challenge. A thorough understanding of the population and their needs, the climate and geographical landscape, and most importantly, of the previous research regarding thermal comfort and seismic retrofitting for developing countries is essential. This has been achieved through a literature review, which provides the theoretical framework and identifies which seismic and thermal comfort strategies are appropriate for which type of constructions and climates respectively. Following this, a research‐by‐design methodology is employed to formulate possible integrative solutions.  The study finds that the possibilities of integrating passive thermal comfort features with seismic retrofitting for non‐engineered houses are limited. However, the few proposed integrative solutions do have the potential to improve thermal comfort inside the houses in an energy efficient manner if developed further. They are expected to be beneficial for many regions of the developing world which have similar seismic and climatic characteristics.</p>

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE RADIANT COOLING CEILING PANELS WITH A REVERSIBLE HEAT PUMP

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
pp. 5317-5321
Author(s):  
MIROSLAV RIMAR ◽  
◽  
MARCEL FEDAK ◽  
ANDRII KULIKOV ◽  
OLHA KULIKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Radiant Cooling ◽  
Conventional Cooling

Thermal comfort is one of the basic prerequisites for appropriate operating of the building. Ensuring thermal comfort in the summer means creating suitable thermal conditions in the interior. The present article evaluates the operation of radiant ceiling cooling, which is a suitable alternative for conventional cooling systems. Experimental cooling systems using a reversible heat pump as a source of chilled water were analyzed. The presented results indicate the ability of the system to ensure the required interior temperature under suitable climatic conditions using appropriate time management and sufficient accumulation. The required temperature is 24.51 °C and the deviation does not exceed ± 0.5K.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document