scholarly journals Vitamin D deficiency as a factor for immunity stimulation and lower risk of acute respiratory infections and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Karonova ◽  
M. A. Vashukova ◽  
D. A. Gusev ◽  
K. A. Golovatuk ◽  
E. N. Grineva
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the efforts of many researchers around the world are aimed at finding preventive and prophylactic measures as well as therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2. Recent studies have showed that vitamin D deficiency could be one of many factors associated with the development and severity of acute respiratory infections, and vitamin D could be used for prevention and treatment of these patients. This review summarizes data about the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and prevention of respiratory viral infections, including new coronavirus infection as well as mechanisms for reducing the risk of infection with vitamin D therapy. Probably, this review will be of interest for endocrinologists and other specialists.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and acute respiratory infections: prevention or treatment?

2019 ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
N. B. Lazareva ◽  
E. V. Rebrova ◽  
L. R. Panteleeva ◽  
A. Yu. Ryazanova ◽  
D. A. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections

Vitamin D has a large number of biological effects due to the effect on the vitamin D receptor, which is present in most tissues in  the body. The possible role of vitamin D in infections is explained by its effect on the mechanisms of the innate and acquired immune  response. Suppression of the inflammatory response is also an important effect of vitamin D.  Many scientists strongly believe that vitamin D deficiency is among the so-called «seasonal stimulators» of acute respiratory viral  infections (ARVI), the potential for the prophylactic and therapeutic use of vitamin D in the season of ARVI and influenza is of particular interest.  25-hydroxycalciferol-stimulated production of antimicrobial peptides, such as defensin and cathelicidin is the most important fact  proving the possible protective role of vitamin D in influenza and other acute respiratory infections. These endogenous peptides  have a direct action, destroying not only microbial pathogens, but also viruses, including the influenza virus. 

Role of Vitamin D in Hospitalized Children With Lower Tract Acute Respiratory Infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Cebey-López ◽  
Jacobo Pardo-Seco ◽  
Alberto Gómez-Carballa ◽  
Nazareth Martinón-Torres ◽  
Irene Rivero-Calle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections

scholarly journals Acute respiratory infections in outpatient care in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: the role and position of antibacterial therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-218
Author(s):  
R.F. Khamitov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Care Costs

Acute respiratory infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract are currently the leading cause of human morbidity, mainly due to the seasonal rise of the incidence rates of viral infections. This results in the heavy burden of annual health care costs. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the problem. The associations between respiratory viruses and bacteria are not always clear thus accounting for the diversity of the risks of the complicated course and fatal outcomes of various bacterial viral coinfections. Influenza virus is associated with the high rate of bacterial complications (in particular, during seasonal peaks). Meanwhile, this is less typical of the novel coronavirus infection. In addition, several studies demonstrate the competitive edge of SARS-CoV-2 when interacting with other respiratory viruses. The specificities of viral bacterial associations greatly affect the treatment whose inadequacy (in particular, the prescription of antibiotics) is the leading cause of the increasing antimicrobial resistance of contemporary germs. The novel coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 is no exception in terms of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing as occurred often in the seasonal rise of acute respiratory viral infections. The understanding of this issue, the optimization of treatment strategies, and a reduction in health care costs will allow for preserving antibiotics as a class of highly effective medications. KEYWORDS: acute respiratory infections, COVID-19, bacterial coinfection, outpatient care, lung damage, antimicrobial therapy. FOR CITATION: Khamitov R.F. Acute respiratory infections in outpatient care in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: the role and position of antibacterial therapy. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(4):214–218. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-4-214-218.

scholarly journals Possible role of vitamin D supplementation in coronavirus disease 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Devi Dayal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
The Impact

<p>Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is presumed to play a role in several infective and non-infective conditions such as acute respiratory infections, tuberculosis, diabetes, hypertension, stroke etc. Most of the respiratory viral infections occur during winter season when the vitamin D levels in most individuals are generally low. The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which began during winter season similar to the previous epidemics due to coronaviruses, has again stirred a debate on the role of VDD in the initiation and spread of the pandemic. The data on vitamin D status in patients with COVID-19 is however lacking. Different vitamin D supplementation strategies have recently been suggested as part of several countermeasures aimed at reducing the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. This brief narrative review discusses the evidence for the link between VDD and COVID-19 and the approaches suggested for vitamin D supplementation.</p>

VITAMIN-D LEVELS: NANO SOLDIERS AGAINST nCOVID-19 MEGA BATTLES

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-54
Author(s):  
Neelam Das
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Shielding Effect ◽  
Magic Bullet ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

Presently the world is battling a deadly pandemic without any effective licenced drugs or biologics to vanquish SARSCoV-2. The experience of managing the past viral aetiological outbreaks has been extrapolated to nCOVID-19, yet its effectiveness is uncertain. This connotation invokes a potential insight to focus upon those elements and etiquettes which are an integral part of our life and expound for nCOVID-19 treatment. This further impels us to consider our food as a time-tested medicine. In a study, a decrease in Vitamin-D levels accounted for the bovine coronavirus infection in calves. Interestingly it paves the way for exploring the role of Vitamin-D as an accessible 'magic bullet' against nCOVID-19. Currently, its metabolism and immunomodulatory characterization are well-established. In fact, the studies have described an inverse relationship between Vitamin-D level and respiratory infections. This further substantiates for understanding its shielding effect against nCOVID-19. Few researchers have recommended dosage of Vitamin-D intake among adult and highrisk individuals including front-liners. However, the enforcement of this potent nutritional ergogenic calls for dose rationalisation with due effectivity and safety based on large randomized controlled trials. This short review highlights the important scientic link between Vitamin D levels and susceptibility to COVID-19 in patients.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and vitamin D supplementation: Is there any evidence based to reduce the risk?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. S19-S24
Author(s):  
Amina Chentouf
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Current Context

Several studies and meta-analysis suggest that vitamin D deficiency constitutes a risk factor for acute respiratory infections while supplementation may reduce this risk. Given the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and improvement of the prognosis of affected patients has been suggested by some studies and refuted by others. Through this article, we report the mechanisms of action and properties of vitamin D, and we discuss the different hypotheses of the involvement of vitamin D in respiratory infections, especially COVID-19 in the light of the most recent published data. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Vitamin D deficiency, Vitamin D supplementation, 1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D.

scholarly journals The role of vitamin D in seasonal acute respiratory viral infections and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
E. A. Pigarova ◽  
A. A. Povalyaeva ◽  
L. K. Dzeranova ◽  
L. Y. Rozhinskaya ◽  
N. G. Mokrysheva
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

A link between vitamin D deficiency and susceptibility to infectious diseases was suggested over a hundred years ago. Epidemiological studies show a strong association between seasonal fluctuations in vitamin D levels and the incidence of various infectious diseases, including septic shock, acute respiratory infections, and influenza. Our understanding of vitamin D metabolism and its extra-skeletal functions has improved significantly over the past three decades, and the discovery that the vitamin D receptor and 1a-hydroxylase, an enzyme needed to convert vitamin D to its active form, is present in the cells of the immune system, revolutionized in this area. Recent studies have shown that vitamin D regulates the expression of specific endogenous antimicrobial peptides in immune cells, modulates the immune response and the course of autoimmune processes; these actions indicate the potential role of vitamin D in modulating the immune response to various infectious diseases. This publication reviews the literature on the effects of vitamin D on immunity, its potential in the prevention and treatment of viral diseases, with a particular focus on COVID-19.

PERAN IBU DALAM PENINGKATAN SISTEM IMUN ANAK DENGAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAFASAN AKUT

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Cindy Ayustin Noya ◽  
Angkit Kinasih ◽  
Venti Agustina ◽  
R.Rr Maria Dyah Kurniasari
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Infeksi saluran pernafasan akut atau yang sering disebut ISPA merupakan infeksi pada saluran pernafasan baik saluran pernafasan atas atau bawah.ISPA juga kebanyakan terjadi pada anak balita karena daya tahan tubuh mereka tidak kuat dalam menghadapi penyakit ISPA. ISPA mengakibatkan kematiansekitar15%-20% per tahun pada usia balita di Negara berkembang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa peran ibu dalam meningkatkan sistem imun anak dengan ISPA.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan sampel purposive sampling.Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini adalah ibu yang mempunyai anak dengan riwayat dan saat ini menderita penyakit ISPA di Batu Gajah Kota Ambon.Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 5 orang. Hasil dari penelitian mendapati 4 kategori yaitu pemberian nutrisi pada anak untuk memenuhi kebutuhan agar sistem imunnya terjaga, kebersihan lingkungan, peran ibu dalam melakukan pencegahan pada anaknya yang mengalami ISPA, dan  peran ibu dalam menjaga dan mempertahankan kesehatan anaknya.   Kata kunci: peran ibu, sistem imun, ispa THE ROLE OF MOTHERS IN INCREASING IMMUNE SYSTEM OF CHILDREN WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION    ABSTRACT Acute respiratory infections or often called ARI is an infection of the upper or lower respiratory tract. ARI occurs mostly in children under the age of five because their endurance is not strong in dealing with ARI. ARI results in deaths of around 15%-20% per year at the age of under-five in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the role of mothers in improving the immune system of children against ARI. The research method used in this study was qualitative descriptive with a purposive sampling sample. Respondents and samples of this study were five mothers who had children with a history of ARI and currently suffering from the disease in Batu Gajah, Ambon City. The results of the study found 4 categories, namely providing nutrition to children to meet their needs so that their immune systems are maintained, clean environment, mother's role in preventing children with ARI, and mother's role to preserve and maintain the health of their children. The findings indicated that in terms of coping or improving the immune system of a child to avoid ARI, it is necessary to have role the of mothers in providing nutrition so that the immune system is boosted, besides that the mother can prevent and protect her child from various diseases, especially ARI. Keywords: role of mothers, immune system, acute respiratory infections

SUBLINGUAL VITAMIN D3 DRUG THERAPY IN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY PATIENTS AT PRAVARA RURAL HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Sanjeeva Kumar Goud T ◽  
Rahul Kunkulol
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

The present study was aimed to study the effect of Sublingual Vitamin D3 on Serum Vitamin D level in Vitamin D deficiency patients. This was a cross-sectional and interventional study. All the Vitamin D deficiency patients of age 18-60years and either gender, willing to participate in the study were included. Patients who had greater than 20 ng/ml were excluded from the study. The total number of participants in our study was 200, out of these 111 males and 89 females, the mean age in our study was 51.07 ± 7.39Yrs. All volunteers were given sublingual vitamin D3 (60,000IU) in six doses every fifteen days of follow up for 3 months. The subject’s serum 25(OH)D levels were estimated before and after the treatment of sublingual vitamin D3. There was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D3 level before 16.61±6.71 ng/ml and after 35.80±7.80 ng/ml after treatment with Sublingual Vitamin D3. Six doses of 60,000IU of Vitamin D3 sublingual route having improved the role of serum 25(OH)D levels in the treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency patients.Keywords: Vitamin D3; Sublingual route

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