scholarly journals Gaston Bachelard e a educação: por uma pedagogia da formação

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Tairone Lima de Sousa ◽  
André Ferrer Pinto Martins
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Gaston Bachelard ◽  
The Real ◽  
Pedagogical Aspect ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Permanent Formation ◽  
Scientific Pedagogy ◽  
Formación Permanente

ResumoA epistemologia de Gaston Bachelard critica as formas tradicionais de ensino ao entender a educação com o sentido de formação, defendendo uma formação permanente dos sujeitos. Esse sentido de formação, no pensamento bachelardiano, percorre as duas vertentes da sua obra – a científi ca e a poética – ressaltando a impreterível necessidade da vivência do real e do irreal para a formação do sujeito. É por um processo copioso de desiludir-se, retifi car os erros e afastar os obstáculos que Bachelard entende a formação permanente do homem, que nunca se apresenta a priori objetivo, mas com um passado de erros retifi cados. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar as contribuições da epistemologia de Gaston Bachelard para o campo da educação, destacando a ideia de uma pedagogia científi ca no ensino como fundamento para o desenvolvimento e a formação de um novo espírito científi co, contrapondo-se às formas tradicionais de ensino. Para tanto, situamos o pensamento de Gaston Bachelard dentro do contexto acadêmico-fi losófi co-cultural francês, apontando os principais conceitos de sua epistemologia, e analisamos as contribuições do pensamento bachelardiano para o campo da educação, sinalizando o porquê da necessidade de uma pedagogia nova no ensino, defendida pelo autor. Esse estudo parte do pressuposto de que a epistemologia de Gaston Bachelard tem um “fundo pedagógico” ainda pouco explorado, expresso quando o autor destaca o “aspecto pedagógico” que as noções científi cas carregam. É uma pesquisa de natureza teórica sobre a obra do fi lósofo francês, assumindo a forma de uma pesquisa bibliográfi ca.Palavras-chave: Gaston Bachelard. Pedagogia Científica. Formação.Gas ton Bachelard and education: for a pedagogy of formationAbstractThe epistemology of Gaston Bachelard criticizes the traditional forms of teaching by understanding education as formation, defending a permanent formation of the subjects. This sense of formation in bachelardian thought runs along the two strands of his work - scientific and poetic - emphasizing the imperative need to experience the real and the unreal for the formation of the subject. It is by a copious process of disillusion, rectification of errors, and removal of obstacles that Bachelard understands the permanent formation of man, which never presents itself a priori objective, but with a past of rectified errors. In this context, the present work aims to evaluate the contributions of Gaston Bachelard’s epistemology to the field of education, highlighting the idea of a scientific pedagogy in teaching as a foundation for the development and the formation of a new scientific spirit, opposing to the traditional forms of teaching. To this end, we situate Gaston Bachelard’s thought within the French academic-philosophical-cultural context, pointing out the main concepts of his epistemology, and analyzing the contributions of bachelardian thought to the field of education, indicating the need for a new pedagogy in the teaching, defended by the author. This study assumes that the epistemology of Gaston Bachelard has a “pedagogical background” still unexplored, expressed when the author highlights the “pedagogical aspect” that scientific notions encompass. It is a theoretical research on the work of the French philosopher, taking the form of a bibliographical research.Keywords: Gaston Bachelard. Scientific pedagogy. Formation.Gaston Bachelard y la educación: por una pedagogía de la formaciónResumenLa epistemología de Gaston Bachelard critica las formas tradicionales de enseñanza al entender la educación como formación y defender la formación permanente de los sujetos. Ese sentido de formación, en el pensamiento bachelerdiano, presenta las dos vertientes de su obra (poética y científica) destacándose la indiscutible necesidad de la vivencia, de lo real y lo irreal, para la formación del individuo. Bachelard entiende la formación permanente del hombre como un proceso de mucha desilusión, rectificación de errores y superación obstáculos, en el que nunca se presenta el objetivo a priori. En este sentido, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo general investigar las contribuciones de la epistemología de Gaston Bachelard en el campo de la educación, resaltando la idea de una pedagogía científica como fundamento del proceso de enseñanza para la formación y desarrollo de un nuevo espíritu científico, en contra parte a las formas tradicionales de enseñanza. Entre los objetivos específicos está ubicar la línea de pensamiento de Gaston Bachelard en el contexto académico-filosófico-cultural francés e investigar los conceptos principales de la epistemología de Gaston Bachelard analizando sus contribuciones en el campo de la educación, además de esclarecer el porqué de la necesidad de una pedagogía nueva que el autor defiende. Este trabajo está fundamentado en que la epistemología de Gaston Bachelard tiene un “fondo pedagógico” que todavía no fue suficientemente investigado, lo que queda claro cuando el autor expone el “aspecto pedagógico” del conocimiento científico. Es una investigación de tipo teórica sobre la obra del filósofo francés, por lo que puede ser considerada una revisión bibliográfica.Palabras clave: Gaston Bachelard. Pedagogía Científica. Formación.

Die Kategorien des Sinnlichen. Zu Husserls Kategorienlehre

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio De Palma
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
The Other ◽  
Formal Ontology ◽  
The Real ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

It is the aim of the paper to demonstrate the more Aristotelian than Kantian character of Husserl’s theory of categories. In Brentano’s dissertation, the distinction between the domain of ontology and the domain of logic is traced back to the Aristotelian dichotomy between being according to the forms of the categories and being in the sense of the true. This approach is also traceable in the work of Husserl. Husserl distinguishes between material categories sensuously given to the subject, and formal categories engendered by the subject in its activities of thought and judgment. On this basis, he draws a contrast between formal ontology and material ontologies, formal and material a priori, and formal and material forms of unity. Husserl considers pre-given sensuous material the ground for real categories and their differentiation. The sensuous objects have categorial determinations in the Aristotelian sense, i.e. determinations which belong to them as a consequence of their peculiarity, independently from their being-thought by the subject. On the other hand, formal categories are not material structures of the world, and have no ontological range because they represent merely subjective additions. The material viz. sensuous structure is essential to a thing, while the logical viz. judicative structure is extrinsic. The real is the sensuous and the real categories are categories of the sensuous.

scholarly journals Subject of audit: improvement of cognition methodology

2021 ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Valerii Zhuk ◽  
Kateryna Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
The Status ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject

Introduction. Scientists generate many conflicting interpretations of the subject of the audit; this indicates the weakness of the current version of audit theory. But in practice, audit from a professional-closed system is increasingly acquiring the status of a socio-economic institute. Therefore, there is a need for a clear identification of the public utility of the audit institute – its mission. The formation of the mission is a priori based on the potential of the subject of the audit, the cognition of which is the primary task of academic science.The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical ideas about the subject of the audit and formulate its new essence on general scientific philosophical foundations and doctrines and the concept of sustainable development.Research methods. In the article has been used general scientific and specific research methods, in particular: abstraction, induction and deduction, comparison – to study of theoretical research of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of audit theory; graphic – to study the models and development strategies of the audit institute; analysis and synthesis – to identify the institutional trend of semantic growth of the substantive functionality of the audit.Results. The research results form the basis for the further development of theoretical ideas about the subject of the audit. The methodology of cognition of the essence of the subject of the audit, based only on the connection to its objects, was critically assessed.  It has been proven that such scientific approach solves the problem of cognizing the subject situationally, but does not form a stable idea about the subject in the theory and practice of audit. The methodology for understanding the subject of the audit institute was proposed taking into account the development of its functionality. The institutional trend  of the substantial increase in audit objects and functions was revealed. The model of    the subject-functional growth of audit and the development strategy of the audit institute has been built on the basis of modern institutional scientific doctrines and the concept of sustainable development. According to the authors, the subject of the audit is the study of the nature of audit functionality, aimed at reducing uncertainty in economic and sustainable development. Steps have been taken towards the formation of a stable version of the audit theory in terms of the sustainability of its audit subject and mission.Discussion. Further research into the essence of the subject of the audit should      be combined with modern economic and social theories, doctrines and the concept of sustainable development, challenges from audit practice. The improvement of the methodology of cognition of the subject of the audit should be based on the application of techniques and methods of practical integrity and axiological methodology, especially in the concept of “audit functionality”.

Cristóbal Balenciaga. Explorations in Traditional Spanish Aesthetics

Costume ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-185
Author(s):  
Ana Balda Arana
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Doctoral Thesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Religious Iconography

This article investigates how the traditional attire and religious iconography of Cristóbal Balenciaga's (1895–1972) country of origin inspired his designs. The arguments presented here build on what has already been established on the subject, provide new data regarding the cultural context that informed the couturier's creative process (with which the Anglo-Saxon world is less familiar) and conclude by investigating the reasons and timing of his exploration of these fields. They suggest why this Spanish influence is present in his innovations in the 1950s and 1960s and go beyond clichéd interpretations of the ruffles of flamenco dress and bullfighters’ jackets. The findings derive from research for the author's doctoral thesis and her curatorial contribution to the exhibition Coal and Velvet. Balenciaga and Ortiz Echagüe. Views on the Popular Costume (Balenciaga Museum, Getaria, Spain, 7 October 2016–7 May 2017).

ICO as a Business Financing Tool: Myths and Reality

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ya. Lukasevich
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Finance ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
The Real ◽  
Objective Information ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Business Financing ◽  
Made In

The subject of the research is new tools for business financing using the initial coin offering (ICO) in the context of the development of cryptocurrencies and the blockchain technologies as their basis. The purpose of the work was to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the ICO in comparison with traditional financial tools as well as prospects, limitations and problems of using digital financial tools. Conclusions are made in relation to possibilities, limitations and application areas of digital business financing tools, particularly in the real sector, taking into account the specifics of the Russian economy and legislation. It is shown that the main problems of using the digital financial tools are related to the economic sphere and caused by the lack of adequate approaches to evaluation of assets as well as the shortage of objective information. The problems and new tasks of corporate finance in the digital economy are defined.

Educación y valores

2014 ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Sabino de Juan López
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Problem Of The Criterion

RESUMEN En el artículo se ofrece una reflexión en torno a la educación y valores. Tras una referencia a los diferentes sentidos en que se puede plantear el problema en función de la forma como se puede entender la relación entre los dos sustantivos “educación” y “valores”, la reflexión se centra en algunos problemas relacionados con los valores en cuanto contenidos de la educación. Primeramente se refiere al problema del criterio en función del cual determinar los valores de la educación, concluyendo en que el criterio no podía ser ni de carácter a priori, ni empírico, sino “sintético”. A continuación, se afronta el problema del principio, de la fuente de los valores, o la concreción del criterio de los valores de la educación, entendiendo que éstos deberían ser determinados a partir del sujeto de la educación. Se concluye con la referencia a una exigencia de los valores de la educación, la configuración de una totalidad unitaria e interactiva. Palabras clave: educación, valores, fuente de valores, integración, cultura EDUCATION AND VALUES ABSTRACT The article offers a reflection on education and values. After a reference to the different senses in which one can pose the problem in terms of how you can understand the relationship between the two nouns “education” and “values”, reflection focuses on some problems related to the values in the contents of education. First, it concerns the problem of the criterion against which to determine the values of education, concluding that the criterion could be neither a priori in nature, not empirical, but “synthetic”. Herein, the problem of principle is faced, the source of values, or the realization of the criterion of the values of education, understanding that these should be determined from the subject of education. It concludes with the reference of a requirement of the values in education, setting up a unitary and interactive whole. Key Words: education, values , power values , integration, culture

A. Rudalyov. 4 shots (A. Zhuchkova)

2019 ◽  
pp. 272-277
Author(s):  
Anna V. Zhuchkova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Literature ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
New Realism ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Subject

The review considers A. Rudalyov’s book 4 Shots [ 4 vystrela ], devoted to the ‘new realism’, a trend in 2000s Russian literature, and more specifically, works of four ‘new realists’: Z. Prilepin, R. Senchin, S. Shargunov, and G. Sadulaev. The reviewer criticizes the author for an incomplete and biased presentation of ‘new realism’, which had been a focus of intense discussions among literary critics and scholars for over a decade. The same flaw blights the descriptions of the four chapters’ respective protagonists: Prilepin, Senchin, Shargunov, and Sadulaev. Rudalyov ended up writing a panegyric, albeit with very sparse language, mainly by repetition of flattering epithets from the press. He failed, however, to address the discussion of the ‘new realism’ by critics or supply a review of literary theoretical research on the subject. Therefore, the reviewer finds the book lacking in any historical-literary and philological value.

Self and Selves

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph C.S. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
A Priori ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Synthetic A Priori

Kant is committed to the reality of a subject self, outside time but active in forming experience. Timeless activity is problematic, but that can be dealt with. But he holds that the subject of experience is not an object of experience, so nothing can be known about it; this raises a problem about the status of his own theory. But he ought to allow that we can know of its existence and activity, as preconditions of experience: the Critique allows that synthetic a priori truths can be known in this way. However, its identity conditions remain unknowable. Kant’s unity of apperception shares much with Locke’s continuity of consciousness, but does not determine the identity of a thing. Personal identity is bodily identity. Only Kant’s moral philosophy justifies recognizing other selves; it could warrant ascribing a similar status to animals.

scholarly journals Engaging the “Animal Question” in International Relations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Fougner
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Animal Question

Abstract By raising the “animal question” in International Relations (IR), this essay seeks to contribute not only to put animals and human–animal relations on the IR agenda, but also to move the field in a less anthropocentric and non-speciesist direction. More specifically, the essay does three things: First, it makes animals visible within some of the main empirical realms conventionally treated as the subject matter of IR. Second, it reflects on IR's neglect of animals and human–animal relations in relation to both how IR has been constituted as a field and the broader socio-cultural context in which it is embedded. Third, it explores various ways in which IR scholars can start incorporating and take animals and human–animal relations seriously in studies on international relations.

The pragmatics of humor reception: Young people's responses to a newspaper cartoon

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth El Refaie
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Gay Marriage ◽  
Daily Mail ◽  
Humor Appreciation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sense Of Identity ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThis paper uses the example of 25 young people's responses to a Daily Mail cartoon on the subject of gay marriage in order to explore the pragmatics of humor reception. The results indicate that the enjoyment of a multimodal joke depends to a large extent on the background knowledge, values and attitudes of the individual. If, for instance, a cartoon is too threatening to someone's core sense of identity, it is likely to create anger and alienation rather than amusement. Humor appreciation is also shown to depend on the broader socio-cultural context in which the cartoon is encountered.

Життєтворчість Іллі Саца у вітчизняному культурному просторі початку ХХ століття

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Badalov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Music Criticism ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Humanitarian Space ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Creative Life

The subject of the study is comprehensive understanding of the life and creativity by I. Sats – a significant figure in the national musical life of the early twentieth century.The purpose of the article is exploring the circumstances of I. Sats’ activity in the socio-cultural context of the era.The methodology of the article includes: historical and chronological method – for studying the events of the artist’s biography; source method – for research of archival materials, correspondence, reconstruction of composer’s creative life; hermeneutical analysis method – for interpretation of literary inheritance (libretto, music criticism) by I. Sats in the context of the early twentieth century; logic-generalization method – to summarize the results of the study.As a result of the research, a complex view on the multivectoral creative activity by I. Sats was formed, his significant role in the formation of new genres of musical and theatrical creativity, development of the humanitarian space of Chernihiv, Irkutsk, and Moscow was proved. The application of the results of the research in scientific, music-pedagogical and educational activities will significantly expand the established ideas about the development of the national musical culture.Key words: music for theater, Moscow Art Theater, satirical opera, I. Sats, Chernihiv region, Irkutsk music classes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document