scholarly journals Nutritional Composition of Green Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) Beans under Organic and Integrated Nutrition with Varying Shade and Irrigation Management Practices in Western Ghats of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Hareesh ◽  
Jayarama .
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Schedule ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
N Assimilation ◽  
Western Ghats Of India

Background: Cultural practices and environment may affect the physical, chemical, microbiological and nutritional qualities of the raw beans. With the advent of nutritional labelling regulations (FDA, 1973), many coffee bean processors have incorporated nutrition information on their products for label declaration. The current field experiment aimed to study to know the influence of nutrient management practices, irrigation and shade pattern on nutrient status of green coffee beans and yield of robusta coffee. Methods: This field-laboratory experiment was carried out at nine selected robusta coffee estates located at Western Ghats of India, i.e., Koppa region of Chikkamagaluru District, situated in the south western part of Karnataka State. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with 25 plants per treatment (plot size- 112 m2) with four replications. Representative coffee fruits from the experimental blocks were collected during harvesting period (February-March). After harvesting of the fruits they were wet processed to remove pulp and mucilage from the fruits. Further, they were sun dried up to 10 percent moisture level and stored using standard methods. Result: The green coffee bean N and P concentration remained higher (3.1 and 0.37%) in INM mode of nutrition compared to that of exclusive organics (3.0 and 0.36%). Within organic mode of nutrition, the shade pattern and irrigation schedule imparted difference in N assimilation. The bean K content did not vary between the INM and organic nutrition modes as depicted by similar (1.8%) values. However, within organic mode of nutrition, the shade pattern and irrigation schedule imparted difference in K assimilation. The average bean yield remained higher (1230 kg ha-1) in INM mode of nutrition compared to that of exclusive organics (1101 kg ha-1).

scholarly journals Changes Of Some Engineering Properties Of Coffee Beans Due To Roasting Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashri Indriati ◽  
Dadang D Hidayat ◽  
Cecep E Andriansyah ◽  
Ari Rahayuningtyas ◽  
Arie Sudaryanto
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Volume Change ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Roasting Process ◽  
Green Coffee Bean

The changes in physical, mechanical, and colours after roasting in two-level were investigated. Aims of this study were to evaluate changes in the physical, mechanical, and colours due to the roasting process of the Arabica and Robusta coffee bean grown in Cisalak Sub-District, Subang District-West Java. Results of analysis determined that the roasting process resulted in decreasing the moisture content of green coffee bean from 13.8% to 6,54% of first-level roasted bean and 6.24 of the second-level roasted bean, while that of robusta decreased from  11.22% to 7.56 and 6.12%. First-level roasting was categorised as a light roast, while the second-level was a medium roast. The Roast Weight Loss of arabica and robusta from green to light roast bean were 19.45 % and 16,24%, respectively, and that to medium roast bean was 26.20% and 22.37%, respectively. The roast volume change of arabica and robusta from green to light roast bean were 50.55% and 44.30 % respectively, and that to medium roast bean were 54.65% and 55.92 % respectively. The total colour differences between green with light and medium roast bean of arabica were 6.39 and 2.52, while that of robusta were 6.19 and 2.49, respectively.

scholarly journals Enhancing Robusta coffee aroma by modifying flavour precursors in the green coffee bean

2019 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 8-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chujiao Liu ◽  
Ni Yang ◽  
Qian Yang ◽  
Charfedinne Ayed ◽  
Robert Linforth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Green Coffee Bean

scholarly journals Chlorogenic Acid Isolation from Coffee as Affected by the Homogeneity of Cherry Maturity

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Husniati Husniati ◽  
Devi Oktiani
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Polyphenolic Content ◽  
Green Coffee Bean

Chlorogenic acid is a polyphenol compound which has an antioxidant properties. The objectives of this research are to understand and compare the characteristics of caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and polyphenolic content in Robusta coffee treated differently. These are necessary to find out effective postharvest methodfor chlorogenic acid extraction. There were two group of samples with the different treatment in process and post harvests. The coffee was treated differently during the sortation and classified into selected coffee of red cherry (fully mature cherry) and unselected coffee (partly mature cherry). The sortation was to maximize the chlorogenic acid content in green coffee bean sample from red cherry bean as the raw material. This research found that the contents of chlorogenic acid extract of green coffee bean from the selected red cherry was higher than the unselected. The HPLC analysis for chlorogenic acid contents of green coffeebean from the selected red cherry was 4.41%, it was higher than other samples tested.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Quality Profile and Agribusiness of Robusta Coffee in Tambora Mountainside, Sumbawa

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lya Aklimawati ◽  
Yusianto . ◽  
Surip Mawardi
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Coffee Farming ◽  
Flavor Profile

Coffee development in Indomesia by means of optimalizing local resources needs to be done for increasing national coffee production as well as for expanding domestic and international markets. These opportunities must be used to gain benefit as a strategic action for raising farmer’s prosperity. This study was aimed to observe physical quality and flavor profile of Robusta coffee from Tambora mountainside, and to identify agribusiness coffee system applied by the farmers, including problem identification at farmer’s level. This research was carried out at Pekat Subdistrict (Dompu District) and Tambora Subdistrict (Bima District), West Nusa Tenggara Province. Direct observation and in-depth interviews were conducted in this study. Data collected consisted of primary and secondary data, as well as 11 green coffee samples from farmers to be analysed its physical quality and flavor profile. The number of respondents were nine stakeholders consisted of three farmers, two farmer group leaders, one field officer, one duty officer, one trader, and one large planter official. Respondents selection were based on convenience sampling method. The results showed that physical quality of coffee bean was belonged to Grade 4—6 (fair to poor quality), while broken beans shared the highest number of physical defects. Robusta coffee from Tambora mountainside performed good taste profile, that the coffee can be promoted to be fine Robusta by improving post harvest handling. Robusta coffee farming at Tambora mountainside was characterized by monoculture cropping system, average of land ownerships about 1 ha/household, and average productivity about 900—1,000 kg green coffee/ha/year. Major problems on Robusta coffee farming at Tambora mountainside consisted of lack of coffee plant maintenance as well as limited accessibility to financing and technology. Key words: agribusiness, physical quality, flavor, Robusta coffee, Tambora mountainside

Managing Landscape Irrigation to Avoid Soil and Nutrient Losses

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Hochmuth ◽  
Laurie Trenholm ◽  
Don Rainey ◽  
Esen Momol ◽  
Claire Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
County Agents ◽  
The Right ◽  
Soil And Water

Proper irrigation management is critical to conserve and protect water resources and to properly manage nutrients in the home landscape. How lawns and landscapes are irrigated directly impacts the natural environment, so landscape maintenance professionals and homeowners must adopt environmentally-friendly approaches to irrigation management. After selecting the right plant for the right place, water is the next critical factor to establish and maintain a healthy lawn and landscape. Fertilization is another important component of lawn and landscape maintenance, and irrigation must be applied correctly, especially following fertilization, to minimize potential nutrient losses. This publication supplements other UF/IFAS Extension publications that also include information on the role of soil and the root zone in irrigation management. This publication is designed to help UF/IFAS Extension county agents prepare materials to directly address nutrient losses from lawns and landscapes caused by inadequate irrigation management practices. This 6-page fact sheet was written by George Hochmuth, Laurie Trenholm, Don Rainey, Esen Momol, Claire Lewis, and Brian Niemann, and published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, October 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss586

Status of the rare palm Bentinckia condapanna Berry in two habitats of Goodrical Reserve Forests; Western Ghats of India

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
ES Abhilash ◽  
Brijesh Sathian
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Evergreen Species ◽  
Secondary Species ◽  
Ecological Stress ◽  
Lannea Coromandelica ◽  
Western Ghats Of India

Bentinckia condapanna shows more IVI values and there by dominance and ecological stress in both the sites, that is, in sparsely distributed habitats as well as in dominated habitats (Site-II). Major associations /co dominance to Bentinckia condapanna in site -I were the evergreen species like Macaranga peltata, Elaeocarpus tuberculatus, Lannea coromandelica, Schefflera venulosa etc. and for site-II was the secondary species Chionanthus ramiflorus. Higher IVI values for Bentinckia condapanna in both the sites proves the capacity of this species to establish in mono-dominant and co- dominant communities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/apjeesd.v1i1.9503Asia Pacific Journal of Environment Ecology and Sustainable Development 2013; 1: 6-9

INFLUENCE OF GREENHOUSE SHADING AND DIFFERENT NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ALLEVIATING HEAT STRESS, IMPROVING PLANT NUTRIENTS STATUS, FLOWERING GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1014
Author(s):  
Sulaiman & Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nutrition Programs ◽  
The Impact

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons to evaluate the impact of the shading and various nutrition programs on mitigating heat stress, reducing the use of chemical minerals, improving the reproductive growth and yield of tomato plant. Split-plot within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in this study. Shading factor was allocated in the main plots and the nutrition programs distributed randomly in the subplots. Results indicate that shading resulted in the decrease of daytime temperature by 5.7˚C as an average for both seasons; thus a significant increasing was found in leaf contents of macro nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium), and micro nutrients (Iron, Zinc and Boron), except the Iron content in 2018 growing season. Furthermore, shading improved significantly the reproductive growth and tomato yield. Among the plant nutrition programs, the integrated nutrient management (INM) including the application of organic substances, bio inoculum of AMF and 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers; lead to the enhancement of nutrients content, reproductive characteristics and plant yield. Generally, combination of both shading and INM showed positive effects on plants nutrient status and persisting balance on tomato flowering growth and fruits yield.

scholarly journals Biochar and urease inhibitor mitigate NH3 and N2O emissions and improve wheat yield in a urea fertilized alkaline soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadim Dawar ◽  
Shah Fahad ◽  
M. M. R. Jahangir ◽  
Iqbal Munir ◽  
Syed Sartaj Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Urease Inhibitor ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Total N ◽  
N Assimilation

AbstractIn this study, we explored the role of biochar (BC) and/or urease inhibitor (UI) in mitigating ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) discharge from urea fertilized wheat cultivated fields in Pakistan (34.01°N, 71.71°E). The experiment included five treatments [control, urea (150 kg N ha−1), BC (10 Mg ha−1), urea + BC and urea + BC + UI (1 L ton−1)], which were all repeated four times and were carried out in a randomized complete block design. Urea supplementation along with BC and BC + UI reduced soil NH3 emissions by 27% and 69%, respectively, compared to sole urea application. Nitrous oxide emissions from urea fertilized plots were also reduced by 24% and 53% applying BC and BC + UI, respectively, compared to urea alone. Application of BC with urea improved the grain yield, shoot biomass, and total N uptake of wheat by 13%, 24%, and 12%, respectively, compared to urea alone. Moreover, UI further promoted biomass and grain yield, and N assimilation in wheat by 38%, 22% and 27%, respectively, over sole urea application. In conclusion, application of BC and/or UI can mitigate NH3 and N2O emissions from urea fertilized soil, improve N use efficiency (NUE) and overall crop productivity.

scholarly journals Inoculation with Mycorrhizal Fungi and Irrigation Management Shape the Bacterial and Fungal Communities and Networks in Vineyard Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1273
Author(s):  
Nazareth Torres ◽  
Runze Yu ◽  
S. Kaan Kurtural
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Vineyard Soil ◽  
Vineyard Soils

Vineyard-living microbiota affect grapevine health and adaptation to changing environments and determine the biological quality of soils that strongly influence wine quality. However, their abundance and interactions may be affected by vineyard management. The present study was conducted to assess whether the vineyard soil microbiome was altered by the use of biostimulants (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation vs. non-inoculated) and/or irrigation management (fully irrigated vs. half irrigated). Bacterial and fungal communities in vineyard soils were shaped by both time course and soil management (i.e., the use of biostimulants and irrigation). Regarding alpha diversity, fungal communities were more responsive to treatments, whereas changes in beta diversity were mainly recorded in the bacterial communities. Edaphic factors rarely influence bacterial and fungal communities. Microbial network analyses suggested that the bacterial associations were weaker than the fungal ones under half irrigation and that the inoculation with AMF led to the increase in positive associations between vineyard-soil-living microbes. Altogether, the results highlight the need for more studies on the effect of management practices, especially the addition of AMF on cropping systems, to fully understand the factors that drive their variability, strengthen beneficial microbial networks, and achieve better soil quality, which will improve crop performance.

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