Livelihood security of agricultural labour households in rainfed region of north-Karnataka – An economic analysis

A livelihood comprises the capabilities, assets (social and material resources) and activities used by households for means of living. A livelihood index has been developed for agricultural labour households, based on the primary data. Six different sub-indices obtained are indicators of Economic, Food, Health, Education, Habitat and Social network Status for the rainfed regions of Bijapur district. Finally, a composite livelihood security index has been developed which indicates the livelihood status of migration and non-migration labour households in the study area. It is found that, migration households were moderately secured in terms of food security, economic security, education security and social network security. It was poor in case of health and habitat security. The composite livelihood security index (0.791) indicated that migration households were moderately secured in terms of livelihood. Non-migration labour households, the composite livelihood security index (0.645) indicated that households were less secured. In terms of food security and economic security, moderately secured and highly secured in education. In terms of health, habitat, social networks security non-migration labour households were less secured.

Download Full-text

The Current State of the Agricultural Sector in the Context of Food Security in Ukraine

Modern Economics ◽

10.31521/modecon.v22(2020)-18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 112-118

Author(s):

Karina Utenkova ◽

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Food Security ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Food Products ◽

Economic Security ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Global Food Security ◽

Security Index ◽

Global Food

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problems of agricultural development as a basis for ensuring food security in Ukraine. Food security is one of the important components of economic security, which creates a basis for further progress and development of the state. Achieving food security is one of the Global Goals for Sustainable Development by 2030, set by the UN to member countries at the Summit on Sustainable Development. The purpose of the article is to reveal the problems and prospects for the development of the agricultural sector in the context of ensuring food security in Ukraine. Results. It has been determined that the contribution of agricultural production to the GDP in Ukraine is quite significant. According to the results of 2018, 89% of agricultural enterprises have received a profit. The consumption of main types of food products by the population of Ukraine is less than the scientifically substantiated norms, namely: the actual consumption of meat is 64% of the norm; milk and dairy products – 52%; eggs – 94.8%; fish – 59%; fruits, berries and grapes – 53%. At the same time, there is a steady increase in the share of agricultural products in the structure of exports (in 2019 – 44.2%). According to the Global Food Security Index, Ukraine does not have the best positions and yields not only to all European countries, but also to those countries to which it exports food. Conclusions. Ukraine occupies the 76th out of 112 positions in the 2019 Global Food Security Index. Problems that pose potential threats to food security are acute, particularly, the lack of balance in the diet of Ukrainians. Due to the products of animal origin, the caloric value of the diet is provided only by 28% at the optimal level of 55%. The share of the population’s expenditures on food products is unacceptably high: more than half of the total aggregate expenditures, which is higher than the similar indicators of the EU countries by 3-5 times. The increase in agricultural production should take place in compliance with environmental norms and international food quality standards.

Download Full-text

THE POTENTIAL OF BANANA TRADING COMMODITY TO FULFILL MARKET DEMAND AND SUPPORT FOOD SECURITY IN DEFENSE ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE (STUDY IN BOGOR DISTRICT)

Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara ◽

10.33172/jpbh.v10i3.1114 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 307

Author(s):

Indriana Sulistyowarni ◽

Sri Sundari ◽

Supandi Halim

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Large Scale ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Economic Security ◽

Export Market ◽

Data Sources ◽

Primary Data ◽

Market Demand ◽

Market Opportunities ◽

Processed Products

In order to maintain food security, it is wiser if the food priority is not limited to rice, but also encourages product diversity of local food-based such as maize, cassava, sweet potato, breadfruit, taro, and banana. The problems of utilizing banana potential in Bogor District are low production due to land use change, plant function change, some farmers have perception of bananas as a second class plant, Fusarium wilt disease, limited use of bananas as fresh fruit and small industrial processed products (such as chips, sale, molen), and production has not been able to fulfill market demand and consequently, export market opportunities have not been utilized. This study describes the extent to which large potential of banana can be used optimally by using defense economics, demand-supply, and food security theory. Primary data sources were obtained from interviews with informant from Local Government, farmers and banana traders in Bogor District, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Trade. Secondary data sources include both from Ministry, Distanhorti, Disdagin, BPS, journals, and electronic media. Validation data by triangulation and data analysis of Miles-Huberman. The results show that bananas have great potential to be developed in Bogor District but its utilization is not optimal. This is due to several factors including application of inappropriate cultivation techniques with SOP, limited large-scale land, land conversion, without large company partnerships. Therefore, it is necessary to build partnerships with large private companies, synergies and coordination between stakeholders in order to increase bananas potential as trade commodity, hence can fulfill market demand. In the end it will improve economic security as one of the main focuses of the defense economy.Keywords: Banana, Defense Economy, Demand, Food Security, Potential

Download Full-text

Nagaland State Rural Livelihood Mission (NSRLM) And Sustainable Development: Some Field Based Evidences

Economic Affairs ◽

10.46852/0424-2513.1.2021.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Giribabu, M.

Keyword(s):

Financial Services ◽

Development Program ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Ordinal Scale ◽

Primary Data ◽

Average Score ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Livelihood Security ◽

Rural Livelihood ◽

Security Index

The Nagaland State Rural Livelihood Mission (hereafter NSRLM) was established on the 13th of September, 2012 and is the implementing agency of NRLM in the State. It is the human development program aimed at poverty reduction by increasing the household income through sustainable livelihood and improved access to financial services. Primary data has been collected using convenience sampling method from 300 individual SHG members covering three districts, three blocks and six villages (50 respondents from each village). Six components of livelihood security have worked out and each component has been ranked for availability, accessibility, quality and status. Weighted average score has been calculated by scoring indicators on a five-point ordinal scale ranging from1 to 5 Measuring Livelihood Security Index. The study was found that except food security index the other security indices in all selected villages are in medium or low range and still they are living under sustainable in danger which emphasized the urgency to initiate and implement effective poverty alleviation and capacity building schemes in the entire state.

Download Full-text

The gender gap in job authority: Do social network resources matter?

Acta Sociologica ◽

10.1177/0001699319847504 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 381-399

Author(s):

Lieselotte Blommaert ◽

Roza Meuleman ◽

Stefan Leenheer ◽

Anete Butkēviča

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Social Networks ◽

Social Network ◽

Gender Gap ◽

Network Theory ◽

Social Network Theory ◽

Network Resources ◽

Career Opportunities ◽

Network Status

Women generally have less job authority than men. Previous research has shown that human capital, family features and contextual factors cannot fully explain this gender authority gap. Another popular explanation holds that women’s career opportunities are limited because their social networks comprise less beneficial contacts and resources than men’s. Yet, the role of social networks has received little attention in empirical research seeking to explain the gender gap in job authority. This study examines to what extent gender differences in social networks exist and are related to the gender authority gap. Drawing on two strands of social network theory, we develop hypotheses about the role of network diversity and network status. We test these hypotheses using representative longitudinal data from the NEtherlands Longitudinal Lifecourse Study (2009–2013). Results reveal that women generally had less diverse occupational networks in terms of contacts’ occupations and were less likely to know managers than men, network features which are found to be significantly related to job authority. Controlling for these gender differences in networks leads to a reduction of the observed gender authority gap that is statistically significant but modest in substantive terms.

Download Full-text

DOES SOCIAL NETWORK QUALITY DIFFER BETWEEN FACEBOOK AND INSTAGRAM? APPLICATION OF SNSQUAL MODEL

Ekonomska misao i praksa ◽

10.17818/emip/2021/2.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 493-508

Author(s):

Suzana Marković ◽

◽

Sanja Raspor Janković ◽

Matina Gjurašić

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Social Network ◽

Primary Data ◽

Online Environment ◽

Service Excellence ◽

The Social ◽

Study Results ◽

Bivariate Statistical Analysis ◽

Network Quality ◽

Using Data

Although numerous studies investigated service quality in online environment, the social network quality has been inadequately captured by previous empirical research. Thus, the present study focuses on measuring social network quality. Specifically, it aims to examine potential differences in perceived social network quality between two popular social networks, namely Facebook and Instagram. The empirical data are based on gathering primary data using questionnaire based on SNSQUAL model, developed by Phillips et al. (2016). Descriptive and bivariate statistical analysis were conducted using data collected from undergraduate and graduate students who use social networks on regular bases. The study results show significant differences in 16 out of 27 social network quality items, revealing that Instagram’s social network quality was rated significantly higher than Facebook’s. These findings may contribute to the development of service excellence approach that aims to enhance social networks’ performance.

Download Full-text

A Preliminary Comparative Analysis of Personal Social Networks and a Whole Social Network in a Tsimane' Village, Bolivia

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e640052011-001 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Alan Schultz

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Social Network ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Personal Social Networks

Download Full-text

Emotive Trending And Tracking of Tweets

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering ◽

10.23956/ijarcsse.v7i11.463 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Sanjay Chhataru Gupta

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Social Media ◽

Social Network ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

Complex Events

Popularity of the social media and the amount of importance given by an individual to social media has significantly increased in last few years. As more and more people become part of the social networks like Twitter, Facebook, information which flows through the social network, can potentially give us good understanding about what is happening around in our locality, state, nation or even in the world. The conceptual motive behind the project is to develop a system which analyses about a topic searched on Twitter. It is designed to assist Information Analysts in understanding and exploring complex events as they unfold in the world. The system tracks changes in emotions over events, signalling possible flashpoints or abatement. For each trending topic, the system also shows a sentiment graph showing how positive and negative sentiments are trending as the topic is getting trended.

Download Full-text

Social Networks and Business Performance of Igbo Migrant Traders in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria

The Nigerian Journal of Sociology and Anthropology ◽

10.36108/njsa/4102/12(0250) ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Deborah O. Obor ◽

Emeka E. Okafor

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Social Networks ◽

Social Network ◽

Social Exchange ◽

Business Performance ◽

Exploratory Research ◽

Business Growth ◽

South West ◽

Key Informant ◽

Depth Interviews

This study focused on social networks and business performance among Igbo businessmen in Ibadan, South-west Nigeria through the exploratory research design. Social exchange, social network and social capital theories were employed as theoretical framework. Twenty-six in-depth interviews, key informant interviews and case studies were conducted with purposively selected respondents in four business locations in Ibadan. The results showed that among the factors that facilitated migration of the Igbo to Ibadan were their interest to learn a trade, their inability to attain higher education, and having a relative in Ibadan. The types of social networks available showed that social network was not location bound, as all the respondents belonged to town progressive unions and mutual benefits/cooperative associations. Social networks played vital roles in business performance, including social support, access to loan, business growth and expansion. The main challenges to maintaining adequate social network in business were distrust, envy, unbridled competition, dishonesty and inability to keep terms of agreement. The study concludes that social networks have positively influenced the business performance of migrant Igbo in Ibadan. There is need for the Igbo to strengthen their social networks through honesty, forthrightness, and transparency in all their dealings.

Download Full-text

Networks

The Oxford Handbook of Social Networks ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190251765.013.34 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 534-562

Author(s):

Matthew O. Jackson ◽

Brian W. Rogers ◽

Yves Zenou

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Social Network ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Labor Markets ◽

Network Formation ◽

Labor Market Outcomes ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Social Scientists ◽

Market Outcomes

What is the role of social networks in driving persistent differences between races and genders in education and labor market outcomes? What is the role of homophily in such differences? Why is such homophily seen even if it ends up with negative consequences in terms of labor markets? This chapter discusses social network analysis from the perspective of economics. The chapter is organized around the theme of externalities: the effects that one’s behavior has on others’ welfare. Externalities underlie the interdependencies that make networks interesting to social scientists. This chapter discusses network formation, as well as interactions between people’s behaviors within a given network, and the implications in a variety of settings. Finally, the chapter highlights some empirical challenges inherent in the statistical analysis of network-based data.

Download Full-text

Introduction

The Oxford Handbook of Social Networks ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190251765.013.1 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. xxii-13

Author(s):

Ryan Light ◽

James Moody

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Social Network ◽

Social Network Analysis ◽

Network Analysis ◽

Bibliometric Analysis ◽

Social Life ◽

New Directions ◽

Central Paradigm

This chapter provides an introduction to this volume on social networks. It argues that social network analysis is greater than a method or data, but serves as a central paradigm for understanding social life. The chapter offers evidence of the influence of social network analysis with a bibliometric analysis of research on social networks. This analysis underscores how pervasive network analysis has become and highlights key theoretical and methodological concerns. It also introduces the sections of the volume broadly structured around theory, methods, broad conceptualizations like culture and temporality, and disciplinary contributions. The chapter concludes by discussing several promising new directions in the field of social network analysis.

Download Full-text