Ovicidal and toxic effects of certain plant extracts to the castor semilooper, Achaea janata L. (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwini A. Devarshi ◽  
S. R. Yankanchi
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Vitex Negundo ◽  
Ovicidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Argemone Mexicana ◽  
Cent Mortality ◽  
Achaea Janata ◽  
Castor Semilooper ◽  
Ld50 Value

Ovicidal and toxic effects of crude leaf extracts of Clerodendrum inerme, Clerodendrum splendens, Clerodendrum multiflorum, Vitex negundo and Argemone mexicana were evaluated against the castor semilooper, Achaea janata L. (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) using different bioassay methods. Among the extracts tested, the highest ovicidal activity was observed in C. splendens as well as A. mexicana with LD50 values of 7.65 and 9.14 mg-1, respectively. Leaf extracts of A. mexicana and C. inerme were toxic to both third and fourth instar larvae of A. janata through topical application. However, the extracts of A. mexicana and C. inerme found to be more toxic to third instar larvae with 70 and 73 per cent mortality, respectively. The lowest LD50 value of 5.33 mg-1 was recorded by A. mexicana extract and was followed by C. inerme extract with LD50 value of 7.26 mg-1. Present results indicated that A. mexicana and C. inerme plants have potential to use in IPM programme.

Midgut aminopeptidase N expression profile in castor semilooper (Achaea janata) during sublethal Cry toxin exposure

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod K. Chauhan ◽  
Narender K. Dhania ◽  
Vadthya Lokya ◽  
Bhoopal Bhuvanachandra ◽  
Kollipara Padmasree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profile ◽  
Aminopeptidase N ◽  
Cry Toxin ◽  
Toxin Exposure ◽  
Achaea Janata ◽  
Castor Semilooper

scholarly journals LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF LANTANA INDICA AND VITEX NEGUNDO ON CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Rathnasagar K ◽  
Thiyagaraj Anand
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Vitex Negundo ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Sterol Binding

Objectives: The activity of two different leaf extracts of Lantana indica and Vitex negundo is tested against the 3rd and 4th instar Culex quinquefasciatus larvae to evaluate the potency of the extracts as a larvicide and to find an ecologically sustainable alternative to chemical insecticides. A bioinformatics screening approach was performed to evaluate the in vivo results.Methods: The obtained larvae’s from nearby water sources were tested with N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) as the positive control which is the commercial chemical mosquito repellent and the solvents used for the respective plant extracts act as the negative control. Petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA) and an aqueous (AQ) extract were prepared for both L. indica and V. negundo extracts, and its larvicidal activity was tested. A docking based approach was used to study the inhibitory effect of known active compounds from L. indica and V. negundo against acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and sterol binding protein as targets.Results: On comparing the results between three plants extract for its larvicidal activity, the EA extract of V. negundo and L. indica is found to be potent with a low LC50 value. Further, the docking studies between active compounds of L. indica and V. negundo with AChE and Sterol binding protein as targets showed that the compound tangeritin-1 had a good docking score compared to DEET and could be a natural alternative for larvicidal activity in the mosquito.Conclusion: Individual activity of tangeritin-1 could be further studied with mosquito mortality studies and molecular simulations and develop tangeritin-1 as a potential larvicidal compound for commercial use.

scholarly journals Evaluation of some plant extracts for nemato-toxic potential against juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Gulwaiz Akhter ◽  
◽  
Tabreiz Ahmad Khan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Argemone Mexicana ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Stage Juvenile ◽  
Toxic Potential

Aqueous leaf extracts were utilized to assess the nematicidal or nematostatic property on second stage juvenile of Meloidogyne incognita. The juvenile were incubate at various concentration of leaf extract viz., 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm. Corrected mortality using Abbot’s formula was recorded after 12, 24 and 48 hours respectively. Correlation coefficient (Pearson) was checked to explain the association between percentages mortality of juvenile with extract concentrations. Linear regression was used to denote concentration and rank dependent outcome of four aqueous plant leaves extracts on the second stage juvenile (J2) mortality. All leaf extracts were found to be nematicidal or nematostatic in property. Maximum juvenile mortality rate was recorded in Xanthium strumarium throughout the incubation period as followed by Acalypha indica, Argemone mexicana and Colocasia gigantean. Concentration depended effect of X. strumarium and C. gigantean proved maximum and minimum level when analyzed by values of regression and correlation. Aqueous leaves extracts of these aforementioned weeds give us an idea about nematicidal properties and therefore may be used as biopesticide in future

scholarly journals Studies on Analysis of Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Vitex negundo Linn.

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ved Prakash ◽  
Shelly Rana ◽  
Anand Sagar
Keyword(s):  
Urease Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Vitex Negundo ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

The current study was designed to investigate the leaf extracts of Vitex negundo Linn. for their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory (α-amylae and urease) activity. The antioxidant capacity of the different extracts (methanol, acetone and aqueous) of this plant was evaluated by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and reducing power tests. The plant exhibited good DPPH radical scavenging activity and moderate reducing power potential Further, all the extracts of V. negundo were reported to possess good anti-alpha amylase and anti-urease activity of greater than 50% in all the solvents used at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Thus the study provided scientific evidence to the traditional uses of this plant in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, ulcers, kidney stones etc. Therefore, the leaf extracts of this plant can be selected for further investigation to determine their therapeutic potential.

scholarly journals ANTI-CARIOGENIC POTENTIALS OF VITEX NEGUNDO LINN

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Petwal ◽  
Madhuri Kaushish Lily ◽  
Gulshan Kumar Dhingra ◽  
Koushalya Dangwal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Vitex Negundo ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Bactericidal Effects ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Vitex negundo Linn. (Verbenaceae), is an ethnobotanical important shrub carrying a large array of pharmacologically active phytochemicals with diverse medicinal properties. Present study assessed the antibacterial activities of leaf and twig (without leaf) bioactives against common oral bacterial inhabitants viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus casei. Leaf and twig dried powdered samples of V. negundo were separately fractionated by five solvents in eluotropic series namely petroleum-ether, chloroform, absolute-ethanol, 80%-methanol and distilled-water. Extracts were further analyzed for total phenolic contents (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), tannins, alkaloids and terpenoids. Zone of inhibition, MIC, MBC and IC50 values of the fractionated extracts against oral bacterial pathogens were determined. The results demonstrated significantly higher antibacterial activity in ethanolic extracts (VnLEt) and chloroform (VnLCh) extracts of leaves as evident by their higher ZOI and lower MIC, MBC and IC50 values. VnLEt extracts showed bactericidal effects against all the tested six bacterial pathogens (L. casei>St. gordonii>Staphylococcus aureus>L. brevis>St. oralis=St. mutans). VnLCh showed notable bactericidal effects against five pathogens (L. casei>St. mutans>St. gordonii>Staphylococcus aureus) but remained ineffective against St. oralis and L. brevis. Among twig extracts, ethanolic extracts showed inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus, St. gordonii and St. mutans while chloroform extracts showed antibacterial effect only against Staphylococcus aureus. VnLEt extract showed abundance in TPC, TFC and tannins while VnLCh was rich in alkaloids and terpenoid suggesting their contribution in bactericidal effects against cariogenic bacterial pathogens. Hence, the present study successfully established V. negundo leaf extracts as an excellent natural remedy for oral-dental infections.

Development and Evaluation of Herbal Mosquito Repellent Cream

2021 ◽  
pp. 6262-6268
Author(s):  
Bapan Banik ◽  
Jayanta Barman ◽  
Manash Pratim Dutta ◽  
Nikita Bhowmick
Keyword(s):  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Vitex Negundo ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Safe Product

Mosquito repellent is a product that is applied to the skin or other surfaces to deter insects (and arthropods in general) from landing or climbing on that surface. The interest in plant-based repellants has been revived seeing that the development of resistance, cross-resistance and possible toxicity hazards associated with synthetic insecticides and their rising cost. The present study aimed towards the development and evaluation of safe and efficient herbal mosquito repellent from leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica, Vitex negundo, and Ocimum gratissimum. Six different types of formulation (Type-1 to 6) were prepared using each plant extract and optimized ingredients. The mosquito repellent activity of the formulation was tested using the arm-in-cage method. One skin rubbed with a small quantity of formulation was exposed to 20 mosquitoes and the number of mosquitoes that aligned or biting the arm was recorded in each minute for five minutes. The most effective repellent activity of the Type2 formulation was 87.5% (Y-shaped Model) and 91.62% (Rectangular-shaped Model). The Type1, Type3, Type4, Type5 and Type6 formulation showed 66.62% , 58.25%, 68.75%, 70.75% and 62.5% repellent activity in Y shaped model and 66.62%, 62.5%, 70.75%, 83.25% and 62.5% repellent activity in Rectangular shaped model respectively. During these studies, we found that Hexane extract showed higher repellent activity. No allergic reactions were observed upon the skin. So, it is a safe product. The formulation was ecological, economical and highly efficient.

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