Pattern of Seed Development and Maturation in Horse Gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum Lam.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Prasath ◽  
C. Menaka ◽  
R. Geetha ◽  
A. Yuvaraja
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Horse Gram ◽  
Macrotyloma Uniflorum ◽  
Agricultural College ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
Pod Length

Background: Seed maturation is genetically controlled process involves a series of morphological and physiological changes extending from fertilization to independence from the mother plant. Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum Lam.) is an under exploited legume and it is an inexpensive source of protein, rich in minerals and vitamins. However, information on harvesting time of horse gram seeds are still limited. Therefore, this study was carried out in horse gram to determine the physiological maturity in obtaining good quality of seeds for better planting value.Methods: The laboratory experiment was carried out at Department of Seed Science and Technology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, India to determine the appropriate time of harvesting horse gram var. Paiyur 2 seeds. The crop was raised as bulk in the field during rabi season of 2019 and the pods were harvested in interval of seven days from 7 days after anthesis (DAA) to 56 DAA and subjected for determinations of pod and seed characteristics.Result: The result revealed that, pod length and pod fresh weight of seeds showed a steady increase upto 35 DAA showed maximum pod length (4.76 cm) and fresh weight of pods (6.903 g/10 pods). The seeds attained maximum germination (94%), dry weight (0.859 g/25 seeds) and vigour parameters viz., root length (17.7 cm), shoot length (8.8 cm), dry matter production (0.161 g/10 seedlings), vigour index I (2491) and vigour index II (15) on 49 DAA. 

Assessing the Pattern of Seed Development and Maturation in Yard Long Bean [Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdcourt]

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sakthivel ◽  
J. Renugadevi ◽  
K. Raja ◽  
R. Swarnapriya
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
North India ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Seed Characteristics

Background: Seed maturation is genetically controlled process involves a sequence of morphological and physiological changes extending from fertilization to total independence from the mother plant. Yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L) verdcourt) is an important leguminous vegetable crop which meets greater demand of the vegetable especially in South India and some parts of North India. However, information on optimum harvest time of yard long bean seeds are still limited. Hence, this study was carried out to determine the physiological maturity of yard long bean to obtain good quality of seeds for better planting value. Methods: The laboratory experiment was carried out at Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India to determine the appropriate time of harvesting yard long bean cv. Arka Mangala seeds. The crop was raised as bulk in the field during kharif season of 2019 and the pods were harvested at three days interval from 3 days after anthesis (DAA) to 30 DAA and subjected for determinations of pod and seed characteristics. Result: The results revealed that pod length, pod fresh weight and pod dry weight increased rapidly during 3 DAA to 12 DAA and showed maximum pod length (67.7 cm), pod fresh weight (28.56 g/pod) at 12 DAA. The seeds attained physiological maturity at about 24 DAA with 22 per cent moisture content concurred with maximum dry weight (18.80 g/100 seeds), protein content (18.6%) and maximum physiological parameters viz., speed of germination (7.1), germination per cent (94%), root length (23.5 cm), shoot length (20.5 cm), dry matter production (0.949 g/10 seedlings), vigour index I (4136) and vigour index II (89).

Popularization of Horse Gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) in Vellore District of Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Noorjehan A K A Hanif ◽  
R Ramasamy ◽  
S Joshua Davidson ◽  
M Pandiyan
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Horse Gram ◽  
Macrotyloma Uniflorum

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen and plant growth regulators on seed yield per plant and seed quality parameters in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2338-2343
Author(s):  
Arpana D. Vaja ◽  
J. B. Patel ◽  
R.N. Daki ◽  
Shital A. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Vigour Index

The present investigation on effect of nitrogen [N0 (Control), N1 (50 kg N/ha), N2 (100 kg N/ha), and N3 (150 kg N/ ha)] and plant growth regulators [G0 (Control), G1 (50 ppm GA3), G2 (50 ppm NAA) and G3 (500 ppm Cycocel)] on seed yield per plant and seed quality parameters in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) cv. GJB 3 was carried out at the Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during kharif 2015-16. The experiment was laid out in field as per randomized block design (Factorial) with three replications. The seed harvested from 16 different treatments combinations replicated thrice from the field were analyzed in the laboratory following completely randomized design (factorial) for various seed quality parameters. Application of nitrogen @ 150 kg N/ha recorded significantly (P<0.05) highest seed yield per plant, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot dry weight and vigour index – 2 (mass), while application of 100 kg N/ha resulted in significantly (P<0.05) highest germination percentage, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight and vigour index – 1 (length). Application of GA3 at 50 ppm recorded significantly the highest seed yield per plant, germination percentage, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, vigour index – 1 (length) and vigour index – 2 (mass). Among the 16 different treatment combinations, nitrogen @ 150 kg/ha and GA3 50 ppm noted the maximum seed yield per plant, shoot dry weight and vigour index – 2 (mass), while significantly the maxi-mum germination percentage, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight and vigour index – 1 (length) were registered in treatment combination nitrogen 100 kg N/ha and GA3 @ 50 ppm. Therefore, it is advised that application of 100-150 kg of N/ha as a nitrogenous fertilizer and spray GA3 @ 50 ppm (G1) at 45 days after transplanting helps in increasing the seed yield per plant and seed quality parameters in brinjal seed production.

Effect of spacing and fertilizer level on yield attributes of Dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rajesh ◽  
J. Sundersingh Rajapandian ◽  
K. Sharmili ◽  
S. Marimuthu ◽  
R. SureshKumar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Sesbania Aculeata ◽  
Agricultural College ◽  
Farm Unit ◽  
And Control ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Number Of Seeds

A field experiment was conducted at Central Farm Unit situated in Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Killikulam during Rabi 2011-12 to evaluate the effect of spacing (120×30cm, 120×20 cm, 90×30 cm and 90×20 cm) and fertilizer levels (12.5:25:12.5, 18.75:37.5:18.75, 25:50:25, 31.25:62.5:31.25 kg N, P2O5, K2O/ha and control) on yield attributes of Dhaincha. The results revealed that spacing adopted with 120×30 cm significantly recorded higher number of pods/plant (53.7), pod length (19.94 cm), number of seeds/pod (28.52) and seed yield (585 kg/ha) of Dhaincha. In respect of different fertilizer levels, application NPK @ 31.25:62.5:31.25 kg/ha perceived higher yield attributes (number of pods/plant (48.8), pod length (17.98), number of seeds/ pod (29.28) and seed yield (609 kg/ha). Combination of spacing (120×30 cm) with fertilizer levels of 31.25:62.5:31.25 kg/ha significantly recorded higher seed yield of 705 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Growth and Biochemical Variations in Macrotyloma Uniflorum Var. Madhu Under Chromium Stress

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpee Dhali ◽  
, Madhusmit, Pradhan ◽  
Ranjan Kumar Sahoo ◽  
Chinmay Pradhan ◽  
Santanu Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Process ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Macrotyloma Uniflorum ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

The discharge of contaminated mining and industrial residues has become a major cause of environmental pollution. Seed is highly protective against external metal stresses. But they are highly sensitive during vegetative developmental process. In this study, germination was conducted in Macrotyloma uniflorum var. Madhu, in order to find out the effect of chromium toxicity on germination, growth and biochemical variations. The seeds were germinated in five different concentrations of chromium (25ìM, 50ìM, 100ìM, 150ìM and 200 ìM) solution. The hydroponically grown plants revealed the toxic phenotypic expression (root length, shoot length, seedling length, shoot vigor index, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight) of plant after 3 growth stage (15 d, 30 d and 45 d). Similarly biochemical characteristics as well as antioxidant activities (Chlorophyll, carotenoid, carbohydrate, reducing sugar, catalase, proline content and peroxidase) were studied to see the toxic effect of chromium.

scholarly journals Improvement in seed germination by priming treatments in Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
M Poovizhi ◽  
K Sujatha
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Agricultural College ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L

The seeds must be viable and non-dormant for the efficient cultivation of the species of medicinal plants. The seeds of Solanum nigrum possess primary dormancy, which restricts germination. Hence, a laboratory experiment was conducted during 2019 in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu. The S. nigrum seeds were primed by soaking in different chemicals viz.,GA3 100ppm, Thiourea1%, KNO3 0.5%, Succinic acid 100 ppm, Ascorbic acid 100 ppm, hydro and dry control with soaking durations of 12h and seeds were dried under shade to bring back to their original moisture content and used for assessing the seed quality studies. The results revealed that among the different priming treatments Thiourea 1% recorded higher seed quality parameters viz, speed of germination (5.6), germination (88 %), seedling length (5.92 cm) and vigour index (520) and the enzyme activity of dehydrogenase (0.072 OD value) and lower values of electrical conductivity( 0.027 dsm-1),  amino acids (0.119 ?gg-1 ) and sugars ( 0.175 ?gg-1 ). Hence it could be recommended as pre-sowingg seed priming treatment in S. nigrum.

scholarly journals Morphological and germination physiognomies of Carissa carandas seedlings influenced by seed storage at ambient conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1767-1771
Author(s):  
Deepika Deepika ◽  
K. Vanajalatha
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Carissa Carandas ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Root To Shoot Ratio

The present study was taken up to know the morphological and germination physiognomies of karonda (Carissa carandas) seeds influenced by seed storage period at ambient conditions (26 ⁰C temperature and 55 % RH). Seeds were subjected to store at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days at room temperature (26⁰C). Germination percentage and various morphological characteristics viz., vigour index, fresh weight of shoot and root, dry weight of shoot and root, root to shoot ratio were recorded. Among stored seeds 10 days old seeds recorded highest germina-tion percentage (57 %) and 60 days old seeds recorded lowest germination (20.33 %). At the end (90 days after sowing) 10 days old seeds again possessed higher fresh weight of root (0.300 g) and shoot (1.240 g), dry weight of root (0.103 g) and shoot (0.487 g), root to shoot ratio (0.212) and vigour index (1772.70 cm) among stored seeds. These physiological observations were quite similar with the freshly harvested seed which found maximum values for all the parameters owing to higher moisture content. Karonda seeds showed good viability upto10 days thereafter its value declined and it reached minimum after 60 days of storage.

scholarly journals Effect of organic manures on growth and yield attributes of Soybean (Glycine max L.) under Subabul (Leucaena leucocephala) based Agroforestry system

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2219-2223
Author(s):  
N. Khare ◽  
D. Kumar ◽  
S. Rout
Keyword(s):  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Number Of Branches

A field trail was carried out at the research farm of the School of Forestry and Environment, SHIATS, Allahabad. The experimental research site is situated at an altitude of 90 m above the sea level at 25.570 N latitude and 81.510 E longitudes. The experiment comprised seven treatments replicated thrice. The maximum germination % (96.67%), plant height (83.73cm), number of branches/ plant (11.93), fresh weight (185.28g), dry weight (45.73g), at 110 days after sowing (DAS), number of pods/plant (91.67), number of seeds/pod (3.93), pod length (6.93 cm),test weight (90.73g), seed yield (23.87q/ha), straw yield (40.73 q/ha) and harvest index (36.94%) recorded in treatment T5. The result showed that the applications of organic manure (50% Farmyard Manure + 50% Vermicompost) maximized the soybean growth and yield under subabul trees. Therefore, it may be concluded that 50% Farmyard Manure + 50% Vermicompost can be recommended for growing soybean under subabul based Agroforestry system for obtaining better growth and yield.

Salt Stress induced changes in growth, pigments and protein contents in two horse gram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc] varieties

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 08
Author(s):  
G. Kanagaraj* and C. Sathish
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stressed Condition ◽  
Soluble Protein Content ◽  
Horse Gram ◽  
Macrotyloma Uniflorum ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Induced Changes

Growth parameters and photosynthetic pigments changes in horse gram were investigated under salinity of different concentrations (0, 40, 80. 120mM). The two horse gram varieties Paiyur-2 and CO-1 were sampling was done in young and fully matured leaves were taken from control and salinity treated plants on 15th Days After Treatment (DAT) and 30th DAT. Treatments were planted in pots.  Growth parameters such as plant height, lea area, fresh and dry weight of the whole plants decreased in both varieties under salinity stressed condition. Photosynthetic pigments such as total chlorophyll, chlorophyll ‘a’ chlorophyll ‘b’ were significantly reduced in the salinity stressed leaves. Quantitative differences with response to salinity. Were also noticed in the content of soluble protein in two horse gram varieties. Our data revealed that Paiyur-2 maintained lower reduction of growth and higher contents of photosynthetic pigments as well as soluble protein content when compared to variety CO-1 during the adverse effect of salinity stress.

Preparation and Food Product Development From Macrotyloma Uniflorum (Horse Gram) Bovine Milk Blends

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
Preeti Verma ◽  
◽  
Sheel Sharma ◽  
Vibha Sharma ◽  
Shilpi Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Horse Gram ◽  
Macrotyloma Uniflorum ◽  
Food Product Development
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