Morphological and germination physiognomies of Carissa carandas seedlings influenced by seed storage at ambient conditions

The present study was taken up to know the morphological and germination physiognomies of karonda (Carissa carandas) seeds influenced by seed storage period at ambient conditions (26 ⁰C temperature and 55 % RH). Seeds were subjected to store at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days at room temperature (26⁰C). Germination percentage and various morphological characteristics viz., vigour index, fresh weight of shoot and root, dry weight of shoot and root, root to shoot ratio were recorded. Among stored seeds 10 days old seeds recorded highest germina-tion percentage (57 %) and 60 days old seeds recorded lowest germination (20.33 %). At the end (90 days after sowing) 10 days old seeds again possessed higher fresh weight of root (0.300 g) and shoot (1.240 g), dry weight of root (0.103 g) and shoot (0.487 g), root to shoot ratio (0.212) and vigour index (1772.70 cm) among stored seeds. These physiological observations were quite similar with the freshly harvested seed which found maximum values for all the parameters owing to higher moisture content. Karonda seeds showed good viability upto10 days thereafter its value declined and it reached minimum after 60 days of storage.

Download Full-text

Seed Health of Chickpea as Influenced by Different Packaging during Storage

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i1930601 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 63-70

Author(s):

Vijaysingh Thakur ◽

C. M. Nawalagatti

Keyword(s):

Transmission Rate ◽

Storage Period ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Seedling Vigour ◽

Oxygen Transmission Rate ◽

Seed Health ◽

Vigour Index ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Vacuum Package

A storage experiment was conducted to know the influence of cloth, gunny, high density polythene (HDPE), and vacuum packed bags on the seed health of chickpea for 18 months. To investigate, chickpea seeds were packed in all the bags and were kept in ambient conditions. During the storage period, there was a lot of fluctuation in moisture content of the seeds based on the relative humidity in cloth, gunny, and HDPE bags due to the pervious nature of packaging materials whereas, there was no moisture fluctuation in vacuum packed bags due to lower water vapor and oxygen transmission rate and higher thickness of polythene bag used for vacuum package. After 8 months of storage period, there was bruchids infestation to the seeds stored in cloth, gunny, and HDPE bags whereas, no bruchids infestation were seen to vacuum packed bag even after 18 months of storage but germination, root length, shoot length, seedling vigour index, seedling dry weight has reduced and mean germination time, electrical conductivity of seed leachates has increased due to seed aging. Hence, vacuum packaging technology can be effectively used for storage of chickpea seeds for longer period without any aid of chemicals.

Download Full-text

Effect of seed coating, storage periods and storage containers on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) seed quality under ambient conditions

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v9i1.1237 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 598-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ajay Puri Goswami ◽

Karuna Vishunavat ◽

Chander Mohan ◽

Sanjeev Ravi

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Seed Infection ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Breeder Seed

Soybean seed is classified as “poor storer” as it loses viability under warm and humid conditions and is invaded by storage fungi. The seed of soybean variety PS 1347, obtained from Breeder Seed Production Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar was used for storage study. Root length (cm), shoot length (cm), seedling fresh weight (g) and seedling dry weight (g) decreases with the increase in seed storage periods. Out of all chemical treatments, Flowable thiram @ 2.4 ml/kg (T2) and Polymer + vitavax 200 @ 2g/kg seed (T5) were found effective to maintain Seedling root length, shoot length, seedling fresh weight and seedling dry weight by producing vigorous seedlings. Seeds stored in cloth bags exhibited higher seed infection than in seed stored in polythene bags, irrespective of seed treatment and period of storage. Treatment T4 (Vitavax 200 @ 2 g/kg seed)and T5(Polymer + vitavax 200 @ 2 g/kg seed) exhibited minimum percent seed infection of Aspergillus flavus. Cloth bag was not found safe for longer storage of soybean seeds under ambient storage at Pantnagar.

Download Full-text

Seed Hardening in Relation to Seedling Quality Characters of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4485 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

R.S. Bhadane ◽

K.R. Prajapati ◽

Kalyanrao Patil ◽

D.B. Patel

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Seedling Quality ◽

Green Gram ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Vigour Index ◽

Root To Shoot Ratio ◽

And Control ◽

Absolute Control

Background: Green gram is a drought resistant crop requires low inputs. The productivity of mung bean is very low. Initial germination, growth and vigour are some major reasons of low productivity. The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of seed hardening on morpho-physiological and seedling quality characters in green gram. Methods: The green gram var. GAM-5 was imposed with seed hardening treatments viz., 2% CaCl2, 500 ppm Cycocel, 1000 ppm Cycocel, 25 ppm NAA, 50 ppm NAA, water soaked control and absolute control. The treated seeds along with control were evaluated for their seedling quality characters under laboratory conditions. Result: The study reported that seeds hardened with CaCl2 @ 2% recorded higher germination per cent, root, shoot and seedling length, fresh weight, turgor weight, dry weight and seed vigour index I and II. Seed hardened with 50 ppm NAA reported higher root dry weight and root to shoot ratio on dry weight basis while Cycocel 1000 ppm treatment recorded higher root to shoot ratio on length basis. The treatments CaCl2 2% followed by Cycocel 1000 ppm were found to be superior as compared to other treatments and control on the basis of lab studies.

Download Full-text

Physiological quality of pink pepper seeds (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi.) as a function of storage

Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas ◽

10.22267/rcia.213801.150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 144-157

Author(s):

Thaísa De Oliveira Silveira ◽

Madelon Rodrigues Braz ◽

Gilmara Pires de Moura Palermo ◽

Tiago Böer Breier

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Storage Time ◽

Storage Period ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Native Forest ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

And Storage

Seeds of native forest species for food and seedling production have a growing demand that impacts the need for studies involving seed storage in order to maintain good levels of germination quality. Thus, scientific analyzes that explore the physiological potential of the seeds of these species are necessary, especially for the pink pepper (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi.), a species used as an alternative source of income for traditional communities and which has been arousing interest due to the consumption of its fruits as a condiment in the national and international market. This work aimed to assess the physiological quality of pink pepper seeds according to the storage period and seed size. The seeds came from a rural settlement, a pioneer in the extraction of pink pepper, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The seeds were evaluated for moisture content, germination, first count, length and dry weight of the germinated seedlings, during the period of time that they remained stored and the size of the seeds. The results allowed to conclude that: i) the germinative percentage of the stored pink pepper seeds decreased over the months; ii) the moisture content of the seeds decreased over the months evaluated iii) the different sizes of seeds did not show differences in germination and storage time and iv) values of length and dry weight of the seedlings did not differ according to the period of storage.

Download Full-text

Nitrogen and Crude Proteins in Beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva) under Different Fertilization Treatments

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha4027457 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 215 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Marko PETEK ◽

Mirjana HERAK CUSTIC ◽

Nina TOTH ◽

Sanja SLUNJSKI ◽

Lepomir COGA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Latin Square ◽

Storage Period ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Stable Manure ◽

Set Up

The research aim was to determine the influence of different organic and mineral fertilization treatments and post-harvest treatments on the content of nitrogen and crude proteins in the edible part of beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva). A field trial (2003-2005) was set up in a hilly part of Croatia according to the Latin square method with four types of fertilization (control, 50 t ha-1 stable manure, 500 and 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30), while treatments involved harvested fresh beetroot and stored fresh beetroot. The highest dry weight (DW) content was determined in climatologically favourable 2004 (average 14.8% DW) and in the treatment with 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30 (15.6% DW) in harvested beetroot. In 2004 and 2005, the highest levels of nitrogen and crude proteins in harvested beetroot were determined in the treatment with 1000 kg ha-1 NPK 5-20-30 (2.41 and 2.43 g N kg-1 in fresh weight and 15.07 and 15.21 g crude proteins kg-1 in fresh weight, respectively). Regardless of fertilization treatment or studied year, nitrogen and crude protein contents were higher in stored than in harvested beetroot, by 12% on average. The lowest crude protein content was determined in treatment with stable manure what confirmed that protein content decreased by organic fertilization. It can be concluded that beetroot lost some water during the storage period, which increased its content of nitrogen and crude proteins in fresh weight and thus increased the nutritional quality of beetroot as a functional food.

Download Full-text

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Seed Vigour Potential of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) during Ambient Storage

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4124 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ovais Hamid Peerzada ◽

V. S. Mor ◽

O. S. Dahiya

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Management ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Seed Vigour ◽

Ambient Storage ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Vigour Index ◽

Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

The experiment was conducted at Department of Seed Science and Technology CCS, Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar, Haryana from 2013-15 and comprised of seventeen treatment combinations of manures (viz., FYM and Vermicompost), bio-fertilizers (viz., Rhizobium and PSB) and fertilizers. The freshly harvested fenugreek seeds of all the seventeen treatment plot combinations were stored in plastic containers under ambient conditions up to a period of eighteen months. Seed quality was assessed at a regular interval of six months. A significant decline in seed quality was observed in all the nutrient combinations as the period of ageing increased. It was observed that the treatment combination of Rhizobium and PSB along with 75% Recommended Dose of Nitrogen (RDN) recorded significantly higher germination % (87.33%), seedling length (24.77 cm), dry weight (7.5 mg), vigour index-I (2163) and vigour index-II (657) followed by PSB with 100% RDN and Rhizobium with 100% RDN after eighteen months of ambient storage as compared to control. The electrical conductivity (333 µS cm-1g-1) was also recorded minimum in the treatment Rhizobium and PSB along with 75% RDN followed by PSB with 100% RDN and Rhizobium with 100% RDN after the period of ambient storage while the maximum was recorded in control. The study highlighted that the slightly reduced dose of inorganic nitrogen was best when applied in combination with bio-fertilizer (Rhizobium+PSB) for maximizing the storage potential of fenugreek seed as compared to the rest of treatments.

Download Full-text

Seed Harvesting Time Affects Seedling Emergence, Vigour and Growth: Case Study of Rumex turcomanicus Czerep. (Polygonaceae)

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb529042 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 244-248

Author(s):

Morteza ALIREZAIE NOGHONDAR ◽

Majid AZIZI

Keyword(s):

Growth Traits ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Seedling Vigour ◽

Root And Shoot Length ◽

Seed Harvesting ◽

Vigour Index ◽

Emergence Percentage ◽

Mature Seeds

Rumex turcomanicus Czerep., belonging to family Polygonaceae, is one of native green vegetable in Northeast Iran. Despite the high consumption, its seed germination and dormancy aspects is inconsiderable. In order to investigate the effects of seed harvesting date on seedling emergence, vigour and growth traits of R. turcomanicus Czerep., the seeds were harvested at five different times, i.e., two weeks after fruiting (WAF), 6WAF, 8WAF (mature seeds), 2 month after seed ripening (MASR) and 4MASR, and were sowed immediately, at agricultural college of Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Iran in 2012-2013. The results was showed that the highest and lowest of seedling emergence percentage, seedling emergence rate, seedling vigour index, seedling fresh and dry weight, seedling root and shoot length, total seedling length and %final normal seedling (%FNS) was obtained in the seeds which were sowed 4MASR and 2WAF, respectively. Maximum and minimum of mean emergence time (MET) was observed in the seeds which were sowed 2WAF and 4MASR, respectively. Relationship between %FNS and MET and between %FNS and emergence percentage was highly significantly negative (-0.961) and positive (+0.962), respectively. Based on the results of this experiment, it seems that the problem of germination in most of the Rumex turcomanicus Czerep. seeds, is probably due to a kind of morphological dormancy, which is remained in most of the fresh seeds (collected 2WAF), and eliminated in the mature seeds (collected 2MASR). Also dry seed storage of the mature seeds for two months was improved seedling emergence and vigour, significantly.

Download Full-text

Reserve mobilization during imbibition of stored Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud. (Leguminosae - Papilionoideae) seeds

Revista Brasileira de Sementes ◽

10.1590/s0101-31222011000300018 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 549-560

Author(s):

Renata Conduru Ribeiro Reis ◽

Bárbara França Dantas ◽

Renato Delmondez de Castro ◽

Cimille Gabrielle Cardoso Antunes ◽

Fabrício Francisco Santos da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soluble Sugars ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Storage Period ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Total Soluble Sugars ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Semi Arid Region

Gliricidia sepium is a drought-tolerant species, easily multiplied by seeds, and has been exploited by farmers as a source of forage in the semi-arid region of northeast Brazil. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of seed storage on the mobilization of reserves during imbibition of "Gliricidia" seeds. Freshly-harvested seeds were packed in kraft paper bags and stored for three and six months in the laboratory under ambient conditions (25 º C ± 3 T and 75% ± 3 RH). Cotyledons were isolated from imbibed seeds and macerated for the extraction and quantification of total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, sucrose and starch, as well as of proteins, amino acids and for amylase activity. Storage under these conditions resulted in an increase in seed water content although germination remained at relatively high levels (86%). Seed macromolecule levels showed significant variation with the storage period and imbibition and these variations were associated with a loss in seed viability due to inadequate storage conditions.

Download Full-text

Response of Sophora secundiflora to Nitrogen Form and Rate

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.46.9.1303 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 46 (9) ◽

pp. 1303-1307 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Genhua Niu ◽

Denise Rodriguez ◽

Mengmeng Gu

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Nitrogen Form ◽

Shoot Height ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Root To Shoot Ratio ◽

Total Dry Weight ◽

Mountain Laurel

Texas mountain laurel (Sophora secundiflora) is a native shrub tolerating drought, heat, windy conditions, and alkaline or wet soils. However, its availability is somewhat low and little information is available on nutrient requirement and other culture information. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to quantify the responses of Texas mountain laurel to different forms and rates of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. In Expt. 1, 1-year old seedlings were treated for 194 days with three NO3:NH4 ratios at 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 and two rates of N at 100 and 200 mg·L−1 in a factorial design. There was no interaction between the N rate and form on any growth parameters. Nitrogen form did not significantly affect shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root–to-shoot ratio, or the total dry weight. There was no significant difference between N rate of 100 and 200 mg·L−1 on root dry weight, root-to-shoot ratio, or the total dry weight. The shoot dry weight of Texas mountain laurel fertilized with 100 mg·L−1 was higher compared with that of the plants fertilized at 200 mg·L−1. The reduced shoot dry weight at N of 200 mg·L−1 was the result of the higher substrate salinity. In Expt. 2, seedlings were fertilized with five N rates (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg·L−1) for 203 days. Plants watered with 150, 200, and 250 mg·L−1 were taller than those fertilized with 50 mg·L−1. The shoot height of plants watered with 100 mg·L−1 was only significantly different from 50 mg·L−1. For rapid growth of Texas mountain laurel, a N rate range of ≈150 mg·L−1 was recommended supplied with a combination of NO3-N and NH4-N in the ratios of 0.3 to 3.0.

Download Full-text

Effect of nitrogen and plant growth regulators on seed yield per plant and seed quality parameters in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v9i4.1534 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 2338-2343

Author(s):

Arpana D. Vaja ◽

J. B. Patel ◽

R.N. Daki ◽

Shital A. Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Root Length ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Shoot Dry Weight ◽

Vigour Index

The present investigation on effect of nitrogen [N0 (Control), N1 (50 kg N/ha), N2 (100 kg N/ha), and N3 (150 kg N/ ha)] and plant growth regulators [G0 (Control), G1 (50 ppm GA3), G2 (50 ppm NAA) and G3 (500 ppm Cycocel)] on seed yield per plant and seed quality parameters in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) cv. GJB 3 was carried out at the Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during kharif 2015-16. The experiment was laid out in field as per randomized block design (Factorial) with three replications. The seed harvested from 16 different treatments combinations replicated thrice from the field were analyzed in the laboratory following completely randomized design (factorial) for various seed quality parameters. Application of nitrogen @ 150 kg N/ha recorded significantly (P<0.05) highest seed yield per plant, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot dry weight and vigour index – 2 (mass), while application of 100 kg N/ha resulted in significantly (P<0.05) highest germination percentage, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight and vigour index – 1 (length). Application of GA3 at 50 ppm recorded significantly the highest seed yield per plant, germination percentage, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, vigour index – 1 (length) and vigour index – 2 (mass). Among the 16 different treatment combinations, nitrogen @ 150 kg/ha and GA3 50 ppm noted the maximum seed yield per plant, shoot dry weight and vigour index – 2 (mass), while significantly the maxi-mum germination percentage, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight and vigour index – 1 (length) were registered in treatment combination nitrogen 100 kg N/ha and GA3 @ 50 ppm. Therefore, it is advised that application of 100-150 kg of N/ha as a nitrogenous fertilizer and spray GA3 @ 50 ppm (G1) at 45 days after transplanting helps in increasing the seed yield per plant and seed quality parameters in brinjal seed production.

Download Full-text