Combining Ability and Heterosis Studies in Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pulak Debbarma ◽  
Ravi Kant ◽  
Surendra Bahadur Mishra ◽  
Lal Ji Bharti ◽  
Vinay Rojaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Plant Hybrid ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Made In

Background: Blackgram is one of the important pulse crops. To improve the yield levels in this crop, studies on combining ability and heterosis are a method to select suitable parents based on their general and specific combing ability and heterotic effects for use in further breeding programmes. Methods: The present investigation was conducted during Kharif 2019. The crosses were made in line × tester mating fashion during the summer season of 2019 for obtaining 15 (Fifteen) crosses. Fifteen hybrids and their parents (3 lines and 5 testers), including one check, were grown and eleven traits were recorded to estimate general and specific combining ability in the modified line × tester method. Result: In the present investigation the predominance of non-additive gene effect in the expression of plant height, no. of clusters per plant, no. of pods per cluster, no. of pods per plant, seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant, 100 seed weight and harvest index was found. Among parents, KUP 18-346 and KUP 18-350, Pant U-31 were found to be good general combiner for seed yield and some other characters. Hybrids viz., KUP 18-350 × Pant U-31, KUP 18-345 × T-9 and KUP 18-345 × Uttara were found promising combinations for seed yield per plant. Hybrid, KUP 18-350 × Pant U-31 recorded significant standard heterosis, heterobeltiosis and average heterosis for most of the important characters.

Identification of Transgressive Segregants and Variability Studies in Segregating Generations of Four Crosses in Chickpea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sundaram ◽  
S. Samineni ◽  
S.B. Sajja ◽  
S.P. Singh ◽  
P. Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Transgressive Segregants ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Made In

Background: An impressive progress has been made in development and promotion of extra-large kabuli chickpea varieties in India during the past decade. As a result, India has become from importer to exporter of kabuli chickpea. The breeding programmes need to continue efforts on enhancing genetic gain in breeding kabuli chickpea varieties through increasing genetic variability and precision and efficiency of selection. This study was aimed at evaluating early segregating generations of chickpea to assess genetic variability for various important traits. Methods: Four large-seeded kabuli chickpea genotypes (JGK 2, KAK 2, KRIPA and ICC 17109); were crossed with a common small-seeded kabuli genotype (ICC 16644). F1, F2 and F3 along with parents were evaluated under normal field conditions and observations were recorded on various phenological, morphological and yield traits. Data was analysed to estimate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in the segregating populations.Result: Considerably high variability was observed in F2 and F3 populations of all the crosses. Heritability estimates in broad sense were high coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean for days to first flower, days to pod initiation, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant and 100-seed weight which indicated the presence of additive gene action for these traits. Large number of transgressive segregants was identified for number of seeds per plant followed by number of pods per plant and yield per plant. The most promising transgressive segregants could be used in future breeding programme. 

Studies on Combining Ability for Seed Yield and Its Related Traits in Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjana Patial ◽  
R. K. Mittal ◽  
V. K. Sood ◽  
Shahnawaz Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Ability Estimates ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Transgressive Segregants

An experiment was carried out in blackgram using line x tester mating design to estimate the GCA effect of parents and SCA effect of 54 hybrids for yield and its traits using 27 lines and two testers. The relative estimates of variance due to specific combining ability (SCA) were higher than general combining ability (GCA) variances for all twelve traits, indicating predominance of non-additive gene action. Combining ability estimates showed significant genetic variance in lines for all traits whereas testers had significant genetic variance for nine traits. On the basis of GCA effects, among the lines and testers IC-436910, IC-413306, IC-398973, IC-343885 and HPBU-111 respectively, were good combiners for most of the traits and can be used in future breeding programme. Specific combining ability studies indicated cross IC-436910 x HPBU-111 as best specific combiner for the economically important traits viz., plant height, branches per plant, seed yield per plant and days to 75% maturity. Such crosses could be further exploited to obtain transgressive segregants in future breeding programme.

scholarly journals GENE ACTION AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDY IN SESAME

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandakini Kabi ◽  
Bhabendra Baisakh ◽  
Manasi Dash ◽  
Swapan K Tripathy ◽  
S. Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The study of gene action and combining ability have been conducted in 28 F1 cross combinations along with eight parents in 8x8 half-diallel scheme following Griffing’s Approach for 14 morphoeconomic traits including seed yield and oil content in sesame. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) component of variation were significant for parents and crosses respectively for all characters except internode length for GCA indicating role of both additive and nonadditive gene action. However, higher proportion of SCA variance (?2 sca) than GCA variance (?2 gca) revealed preponderance of non-additive gene action for all characters except capsule length and capsule width under study. Further, variance due to dominance played a significant role than additive variance in all traits except capsule width and 100-seed weight. Nirmala is considered as the best general combiner owing to its higher estimate of gca effects for yield per plant, for days to maturity, plant height, branches per plant, capsules per plant, seeds per capsule, capsule length and 100-seed weight. Among cross combinations; Rama × GT-10, AT-382 × Krishna, AT-382 × Nirmala, Krishna × Nirmala, Krishna × Uma, Nirmala × Prachi and Prachi × Uma showed significantly higher sca effect for seed yield per plant in the desired direction indicating their merit for recovery of transgressive segregants for higher productivity following reciprocal recurrent selection.

scholarly journals Studies on induced genetic variability in M1 generation for quantitative traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Induri Anusha ◽  
Gabriyal M. Lal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Additive Gene

Mutations were induced in three chickpea genotypes, ICC-15936, BRC-1104-127 and C-108 using sodium azide (SA) as a mutagen. The immediate effects of mutagenic treatments were measured in terms of biological damage caused in M1 generation. All the mutagenic treatments brought reduction in seed germination, seedling length and plant survival. Such reduction, with an exception of plant survival, were found to be depended upon the dosage of the concentration.High GCV and PCV in chickpea germplasm were observed for number of effective pods per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, seed yield per plant, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, seed index, harvest index, biological yield per plant. High estimate of heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was recorded for number of effective pods per plant, number of secondary branches, number of pods per plant and seed yield per plant. High values for heritability indicates that it maybe due to higher contribution of genotypic components. Traits exhibiting high heritability coupled with genetic advance as percent of mean suggest that the traits are governed by additive gene action, equal contribution of additive and non-additive gene action respectively.

scholarly journals Assessment of per se performance, combining ability, hybrid vigour and reaction to major diseases in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 588-596
Author(s):  
Yamanura Yamanura ◽  
R. Lokesha ◽  
V. Kantharaju ◽  
S. Muniswamy
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Performance Standard ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Almost All

An experiment was carried out using seven cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile (CGMS) lines as females and seven diversified testers as males in a line × tester design. The analysis of variance for parents, females x males, hybrids and parents vs hybrids showed significant differences for almost all characters studied indicating the presence of sufficient variability among parents. Analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that mean squares due to females and line x tester interaction were significant for most of the characters. Thereby it is suggested that the variation in hybrids in respect of seed yield may be strongly influenced by the female lines. Analysis of variance revealed that the ratio of variance due to GCA to SCA was less than unity for all the characters indicating that these traits may be under the influence of non additive gene action and these characters are more likely to be improved through heterosis breeding. The gca effects of parents revealed that ICPA-2043, ICPA-2047, ICPA-2078, AKT-9913, BDN-2 and GRG-811 were good general combiners for seed yield and it’s direct compo-nents. The top three crosses exhibiting high specific combing ability effects along with their Per se performance, standard heterosis and gca status of the parents indicated that the cross combinations ICPA-2092 x GRG-811, ICPA-2043 x ICP-7035 and ICPA-2047 x RVKP-261 were good specific combiners for seed yield. These parental combinations are being used for exploitation of hybrid vigour. The good general combiners (ICPA-2043, ICPA-2047, ICPA-2078, AKT-9913, BDN-2 and GRG-811) and promising crosses viz. ICPA-2047 x GRG-811 and ICPA-2047 x BDN-2 were resistant for SMD and Fusarium wilt diseases, having high mean performance, positive sca effects for seed yield were identified from the present investigation and these may be useful in future breeding program.

Estimation of combining ability and gene action for yield and its components in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Maida ◽  
M. P. Patel ◽  
Chandrabhan Ahirwar ◽  
A. M. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Additive Gene

Twenty eight hybrids developed by utilizing eight parents in 8 x 8 diallel mating design excluding reciprocals were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications for twelve characters in order to understand the combining ability and gene action in pigeonpea. The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed presence of additive and non- additive gene action. The ratio of gca/sca variance was less than unity which indicated the preponderance of non- additive gene action for action in the control of pod length, harvest index, protein content and leaf area. The estimates of general combining ability suggested that parents ICPL-87119, GT-103 and AGT-2 were good general combiners for seed yield per plant and its attributing characters while, hybrids UPAS-120 x GT-103, BSMR-853 x BANAS and BSMR-853 x GT-1 showed the higher order sca effect for seed yield per plant. These cross combinations can be potentially utilized in hybrid breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis for grain yield, fodder yield and other agronomic traits in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1001-1005
Author(s):  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
Pooran Chand
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Forty five hybrids derived from a diallel mating design of ten parents and one standard check PUSA CHARI-121 were evaluated for general and specific combining ability effects and standard heterosis for grain yield/plant, dry fodder yield/plant, days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, number of leaves/plant, leaf length, leaf breadth and 100- seed weight of Sorghum bicolor. The mean square due to general and specific combining ability was significan for Days to 50% flowering, Days to maturity, Plant height (cm),No of Leaves/plant, Leaf length (cm), Leaf width (cm), seed yield/plant (g), Fodder yield/plant (q/ha) and 100-seed weight (g) for all the characters. Both additive and non additive genetic effects were present in the material under study. However the ratio of σ2gca/ σ2sca suggested that the preponderance of non additive gene action in expression of all the characters under study. Out of the nine parents PUSA CHARI-121, PANT CHARI-4, MP CHARI, PANT CHARI-6 and PANT CHARI-5 identified as good general combiner for grain yield/plant, dry fodder yield/plant and other agronomical traits. The hybrid HC-136 x PANT CHARI-4 and PANT CHARI-4 x PUSA CHARI-121 for grain yield/plant and hybrid MP CHARI x PANT CHARI-6, PANT CHARI-5 x SPV 1616 and HC-136 x PANT CHARI-4 for dry fodder yield/plant exhibited higher magnitude of positive significant specific combining ability effect with highest standard heterosis and per se performance. These hybrids were also found suitable for two or three yield contributing traits. In general, close association between specific combining ability effects and standard heterosis was observed among the best hybrids identified on the basis of specific combining ability effects for grain and dry fodder yield.

scholarly journals The Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilization on The Yield and Some Yield Components of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) In Van Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 786-794
Author(s):  
Cihan YEŞILBAŞ ◽  
Yeşim TOGAY
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Biological Yield

The study was conducted to determine effects of organic and inorganic fertilization on the yield and some yield components in lentil cultivars in 2014-15 growing seasons in Van. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomised block design with three replications. The study was conducted to determine effects of different fertilizer sources (Control, DAP, Chicken manure and sheep manure) on the yield and some yield components in two lentil cultivars (Özbek and Kafkas). In the study were investigated the plant height, first pod height, branch number per plant, pod and seed number per plant, seed number per pod, biological yield, seed yield per unit, harvest index, 1000-seed weight and protein ratio in seed. The highest seed yield was obtained from chicken manure application of Özbek cultivar with 157.6 kg da-1.  

Inheritance of seed yield, maturity and seed weight of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under semi-arid rainfed conditions

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. White ◽  
R. M. Ochoa ◽  
F. P. Ibarra ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Expected Gain ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
The Common ◽  
100 Seed Weight

SUMMARYTo develop an effective breeding programme for rainfed production of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the inheritance of seed yield under such conditions should be understood, preferably considering the effects of environment to account for site or season specificity. Thus, heritability, expected and realized gain from selection, and combining ability were evaluated for a nine-parent diallel of common bean without reciprocals but including parents, at two locations each in Mexico and Colombia, using the F2 and F3 population bulks. Heritability estimated from regressions of F3 on F2 ranged from 0·09 ± 0·18 (S.E.) to 0·75±0·25 for seed yield, from 0·26±009 to 0·34±009 for days to maturity and from0·57±004 to 0·80±004 for 100-seed weight. Expected gain from selection in the F2 was estimated as a percentage of the population mean, selecting the upper 20% of the populations. Expected gain in seed yield ranged from 1·8 to 8·4% in Mexico and from 6·5 to 28·1% in Colombia. Realized gains in seed yield in the F3 were 0·4–7·4% in Mexico and 2·9–15·7% in Colombia. Realized gain values for days to maturity were < 2·2%, and for 100-seed weight > 13·4%. General combining ability (GCA) mean squares (estimated using Griffing's Method 2, Model 1) were significant (P <0·01) and larger than those for specific combining ability (SCA) for all traits at all locations. The parents from the Mexican highlands tended to have a positive GCA effect for yield in Mexico but negative values in Colombia, whereas parents adapted to mid-elevation tropical environments showed the opposite tendency. However, all significant GCA values of breeding line V8025 were positive in both countries.

Association among genetic parameters in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Vipin Kumar Malik ◽  
Shiv Kumar Singh ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Norang Pal Singh ◽  
Ankit Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Biological Yield

The considerable amount of genetic variability on the basis of GCV and PCV estimates for the traits; days to 50% flowering, numbers of primary and secondary branches per plant, length of siliqua, 1000-seed weight, seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant and harvest index were found in thirty five genotypes of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss). Heritability and genetic advance were higher for days to 50% flowering, plant height and biological yield per plant. Although, number of secondary branches per plant, seed yield per plant and harvest index had moderately high heritability with moderate genetic advance indicating additive gene effects and selection pressure could be applied on them for yield improvement leads to fast genetic improvement of the materials. Days to 75% maturity, length of siliqua, 1000-seed weight and oil content had low heritability indicating that these traits were under the influence of environmental factors and selection on the basis of these traits could not be effective.

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