scholarly journals Tourism contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross Value Added (GVA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-182
Author(s):  
Milin Ioana Anda ◽  
Merce Iuliana Ioana ◽  
Iancu Tiberiu ◽  
Pet Elena ◽  
Tigan Eugenia
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Data Series ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Tertiary Sector ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators

The overall evolution of the economy is usually appreciated by two macroeconomic indicators GDP and GVA, which by their value gives us clear information on the state of the economy.  Gross domestic product (GDP), the main macroeconomic aggregate of national accounts, is the final result of the production activity of resident producer units and which corresponds to the value of goods and services produced by these units for final consumption. Gross Value Added (GVA) is the balance of the production account and is measured as the difference between the value of the goods and services produced (valued at basic prices) and the intermediate consumption (valued at the buyer's prices), thus representing the new value created in the production process. GVA is calculated before calculating the consumption of fixed capital. Since 1990, we have been confronted with a major restructuring of the way GDP and GVA are created due to the intensive process of restructuring the economy. In the paper we will analyze the basis of the processing of national statistical data, how the tourism component of the tertiary sector contributes to the formation of the aggregate indicators presented above. In 2016, Romania had a GDP of 169.6 billion euros, below the Czech level (174.4 billion euros), Greece (175.9 billion euros) and Portugal (184.9 billion euros). Data series published by the European Statistical Office show that in the first quarter of this year, Romania's GDP adjusted for seasonal influences was 44.2 billion euros, while the value of GDP- Greece was 43.96 billion euros, the Czech Republic's 44.85 billion euros, and Portugal's 47.37 billion euros. In terms of GVA training, Romania is included in the European Union's Statistical Yearbook 201 6 as the country with the largest contributions to the Gross Value Added  in the economy from industry, agriculture and construction, simultaneously with the lowest Public sector contribution (administration, defense, education, health and social welfare, etc.) Although professional, scientific and technical activities have seen the largest increase in the share of Gross Value Added  training, they remain below the average of 10.4% Registered on the whole EU. There is an increase in the art, entertainment, recreation and other activities related to tourism - which brought us near the European customs and contributed to the "structural convection" of the Romanian economy. Touristic activity, particularly complex, with upstream and downstream implications, generates a tourism industry, whose components contribute to the formation of GDP and national  Gross Value Added   We will analyze the share of tourism in Romania's Gross Domestic Product in the period 2008-2014, gross value added in the tourism industry  direct gross value added from tourism  and gross domestic product of tourism  in 2013 and 2014.   Keywords: macroeconomic indicators, tourism industry, Gross Domestic Product, Gross Value Added economy

Estimating the direct contribution of tourism to Rwanda’s economy: Tourism satellite account methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-271
Author(s):  
Pius O Odunga ◽  
Geoffrey Manyara ◽  
Mark Yobesia
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Fixed Capital Formation ◽  
Economic Contribution

The tourism industry is poised to command a significant role in the economy of Rwanda, a low-income developing country that is rapidly transforming into a service-oriented economy. However, the industry does not exist as a distinct entity in a country’s national accounts leading to difficulties in estimating its role. Besides, the existence of a significant informal sector aggravates the situation. This study used tourism satellite accounts approach to estimate the economic contribution of tourism. Using primary data from various tourism surveys, six core tables of the tourism satellite accounts framework are presented to estimate the direct economic contribution of tourism to Rwanda’s economy in 2014. In this year, a total of 1,219,529 international tourists visited the country while 560,000 residents took part in domestic tourism trips resulting in internal tourism expenditure/consumption amounting to RWF 261.2bn. This generated an estimated RWF 197.5bn as gross value added by the tourism characteristic industries. Direct tourism gross value added was estimated at RWF 120.0bn while direct tourism gross domestic product, a measure of the direct effects of internal tourism consumption on gross domestic product of the economy was computed at RWF 128.3bn (or 2.5% of Rwanda’s gross domestic product) in the year. In addition to the core six tourism satellite accounts tables, the levels of tourism employment (about 89,000 jobs) tourism gross fixed capital formation (slightly over RWF 200bn) and tourism collective consumption (over RWF 7bn) were estimated. Under this study, the international methodological recommendations on tourism satellite accounts were implemented for Rwanda. The contribution of tourism to gross domestic product, employment, investment, and collective consumption was quantified and estimated. Informal sector tourism activities were included in these estimates. Gross fixed capital formation and collective consumption estimates are tentative due to conceptual considerations documented by the methodological framework.

scholarly journals SPECIFICS OF SECTORAL TRANSFORMATIONS ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Tertiary Sector ◽  
Sectoral Structure ◽  
Gross Value Added

The article examines the sectoral transformations in the economy of Ukraine for 2010-2019 and their specifics. The sectoral structure is a generalized characteristic of the qualitative level of development of the national economy, and sectoral transformations have a clear both economic and social manifestation. The sectoral proportions of national economies are constantly monitored by international institutions. Comprehensive research of sectoral transformational transformations at the level of the national economy allows to improve the quality of management decisions in substantiating the state structural policy and mechanisms for its implementation. The aim of the article is to analyze the sectoral transformations in the economy of Ukraine for 2010-2019, based on gross domestic product, gross value added and relative indicators of structural changes. The following research methods were used in the article: dialectical, analysis and synthesis, grouping and classification, economic-statistical, comparative analysis, logical generalization. An analysis of the dynamics of change in the structure of Ukraine's economy in terms of three sectors based on indicators of gross domestic product and gross value added. The quadratic coefficient of "absolute" structural shifts of Kazynets is calculated. The main trends of sectoral changes in the economy of Ukraine during the analyzed period are clarified. Emphasis is placed on the rapid growth of the tertiary sector, mainly due to a decrease in the share of the secondary (industrial) sector. A comparative analysis of the sectoral structure of the distribution of gross value added of Ukraine by the level of gross domestic product per capita with the economies of seventy-two countries. It is emphasized that the transformations that have taken place in the sectoral structure of Ukraine's economy increase its instability and vulnerability to cyclical and other shocks. In order for sectoral changes in Ukraine's economy to be positive and ensure long-term economic growth, it is necessary to change priorities and directions of development in line with modern world trends.

scholarly journals VAT Gap Estimation and Influence of Selected Methods of Financial Administration on its Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Lukáš Moravec ◽  
Jana Hinke ◽  
Monika Borsiczká
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Tax Gap ◽  
Tax Fraud ◽  
Financial Administration

Abstract The aim of this contribution is to quantify the influence of selected methods on elimination of value added tax gap in the Czech Republic within the researched period 2015–2016. To find a possible share of influence of the VAT control statement on tax fraud following priority methods were set: VAT control statement invitation, initiatives from pairing check reports, tax checking and procedures for doubt removal. By quantifying these methods, the values of theoretical benefits are measured and further compared with value added tax gap within the researched period. To set the VAT gap estimation a method was used that calculates via cleaning gross domestic product based on the database of national accounts. By using this approach it was found out that with the influence of selected methods of financial administration there was a tax gap decrease in 2015 by 5.54% and for 2016 by 4.00%.

scholarly journals Romania’s tourism industry in free fall

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Constantin Anghelache ◽  
Mădălina-Gabriela Anghel ◽  
Ştefan Virgil Iacob ◽  
Ştefan Gabriel Dumbravă
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Normal Activity ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Overnight Stays ◽  
The Postponement ◽  
Data Subject

Abstract Tourism is one of the consistent branches of the national economy, which can ensure some concrete results and a tailor-made contribution to the formation of the Gross Domestic Product. The tourism industry is also called invisible trade in the sense that, although it does not export goods and services, by practicing it, by developing it, it ensures consistent revenues to the state budget, but also ensures the possibility of increasing Gross Domestic Product. Analysing the current situation of the health and economic-financial crisis, it is found that in 2020 HoReCa, the tourism industry, complementary services have decreased alarmingly. Against this background, tourism has reduced its contribution to the formation of the Gross Domestic Product, which can lead to an even greater decrease. Investments in tourism are eroding. There is no possibility of refinancing despite support measures provided by the authorities. We say in spite of some measures granted because the postponement of some payments, the postponement of some credits, the transition to technical unemployment and others will be coupled later with other measures with almost devastating effect for the Romanian economy. Thus, many jobs will be lost. On the other hand, tourism companies will not be able to move from technical unemployment to normal activity and give a minimum of six months to those in this situation. The tourist market practically does not exist because there are only sequential possibilities in which it takes place, but especially under the rule of business activities, which are also considered tourist activities. The tourist activity materialized through arrivals, overnight stays, arrivals and departures has decreased steadily and this result mainly from the data subject to the study we mentioned. It is necessary to interpret these data and possibly find ways to recover.

scholarly journals The unobserved economy and the Dutch national accounts after the benchmark revision 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (53) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Brugt Kazemier ◽  
Michel van Veen ◽  
Sander IJmker
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Second Step ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Illegal Activities

AbstractIn 2018, Statistics Netherlands carried out a general benchmark revision of their national accounts statistics. The base year was 2015. Special attention was paid to the exhaustiveness of the estimates. Among other, these include estimates for illegal activities and tax evasion. In the first step, the main (illegal and off the record) activities that were not included in the regular data sources underlying the national accounts were identified. In the second step, estimates were made for each identified activity, based on the scarce information data sources available, supplemented with assumptions. This paper describes the second step. The value added of illegal activities in 2015 was estimated at 4.8 billion euros, which is 0.7% of gross domestic product (GDP). The explicit adjustment for tax evasion was about 3.9 billion euros, which is slightly <0.6% of GDP.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ACCOUNTING IN ADJUSTING MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
A. Abroskin ◽  
N. Abroskina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators

New requirements to the system of macroeconomic indicators, corresponding to the concept of socio-economic development sustainability, have been determined. The factors, associated with the features of gross domestic product constructing methodology, determining the trends observed in international statistics for adjusting or replacing the gross domestic product with other analytical indicators, have been identified. Actual problems of environmental factors accounting in the construction of adjusted gross domestic product values have been considered. The basic schemes for constructing gross domestic product modified versions used in modern international statistics have been presented. Approaches to the reflection of environmental components in the System of National Accounts have been systematized. International experience of environmental factors accounting in adjusting macroeconomic indicators has been codified. Recommendations on the use of advanced international experience in accounting for environmental factors in Russian statistics have been presented.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT: СURRENT PROBLEMS OF MEASUREMENTS IN TERMS OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
A. S. Abroskin ◽  
N. A. Abroskina
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

The relevant for Russian statistics issues of digitalization processes accounting in the construction of gross domestic product indicator have been considered. Special attention to the problem of formation of the methodological basis for digital economy measurements – the definition of its boundaries, structure and principles of accounting for this object in the system of macroeconomic indicators – has been paid. An important aspect in the analysis are problems specific to measuring the impact of digitalization processes of the Russian economy on the level and dynamics of gross domestic product. These are the problems of use in the Russian practice the industrial approach, interpretation and correctness of the estimates obtained. As an alternative, an approach based on the allocation of digital segments in the industries of the national economy and taking into account their impact on gross domestic product dynamics in accordance with the general principles of the System of National Accounts, – has been proposed.

scholarly journals The importance of technological progress in measuring economic growth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
Faruk Hadžić
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Gross Value Added

Economic growth is one of the most important concepts in the world economy. Although some authors critically believe that the level and rates of economic growth do not necessarily reflect the actual standard of living, it still remains the main way to measure a country's well-being. Different views on the topic of economic growth, as well as the factors that influence it, have been present throughout the history of economic thought from the very beginning. Unlike many theories of economic growth, which believe that in the long run there will be diminishing returns on factors of production such as labor and capital, Paul Romer in his theory of endogenous growth believes that technological progress, through knowledge accumulation, idea creation and innovation, leads to increasing returns, and thus contributes more to long-term economic growth, unlike other factors. In this paper, on the example of economic growth in B&H, the hypothesis that the activities of knowledge-based services contribute more to the gross domestic product, compared to other sectors was tested. To prove the hypothesis, a multiple linear regression model was made based on a time series of 48 consecutive quarterly values of B&H gross domestic product and sectoral gross value added according to the income and production approach. In the model, activities were grouped into those that are predominantly labor-intensive, knowledge-based services, personal and social services, and other activities. The results showed that the average value of gross value added per worker employed in the sectors of knowledge-based services has a 2.5 higher contribution compared to a worker in the labour-intensive sectors and a 2.47 higher contribution compared to one worker in the personal and social services segment. Also, tests of the implemented model show that additional employment in the sectors of knowledge-based services leads to accelerated economic growth in B&H.

scholarly journals Analisis Pdrb Kabupaten Kebumen Sektor Perdagangan, Hotel Dan Restoran Atas Dasar Harga Berlaku Tahun 2008-2013

Media Wisata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Analysis Calculation ◽  
Trade Sector ◽  
Entire Amount ◽  
Constant Prices

Gross Regional Domestic Product is as the amount of value-added (add value) that are generated by the entire production unit or in a region or the entire amount is the value of final goods and services produced by the economy of the entire unit within a region in a given period, either on the basis of rates in force or on the basis of constant prices. One GRP District of Kebumen is a sector of trade, hotels and restaurants which is an important part of the calculation and the increasing economic growth each year has increased, although not significantly.On the trade sector, the hotel and restaurant viewed from the results of analysis calculation on equation trend for certain years have elevated the quality of the year 2008 amounting to 583, 253.02 in 2009 amounted to 651, 473.61, then increment level trends in2010 719, 694.20, while for the year 2011 for the highest rate of increase in trends, namely of 856, 135.38, then in 2012 has increased the trend 355.97 924, and 2013 for trends 992,576.56.The result of the analysis of the Gross Domestic Product has increased fromKebumen Regency, trade, hotels and restaurants on the basis of the applicable rates in 2008-2013.

scholarly journals REGIONAL GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT OF GEORGIA. METHODOLOGICAL CHANGES

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11(51)) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Inga Benashvili ◽  
Mamuka Benashvili
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Regional Structure ◽  
New Classification ◽  
System Of National Accounts ◽  
National Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Constant Prices

The paper is devoted to the methodological changes in the calculation of regional Gross Domestic Product (GDP), mainly due to the introduction of the 2008 version of the System of National Accounts in Georgia. Other changes are related to the transition to a new classification system of economic activity (NACE rev2). Because of this, the regional structure of GDP has changed significantly.Regional GDP on a per capita basis, in 2018 Tbilisi ranks first (6122,5 USD). Then it will be followed by Adjara (5514.3 USD). Their rate is significantly higher than the national rate (4722.0 USD).The priority directions for calculating regional GDP in Georgia are as follows: •Receiving data directly from local units (local KAUs) by improving information sources;•More detailing of regionalization. In particular, at the municipal level; •Calculate regional GDP at constant prices.

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