scholarly journals Play therapy in the prevention of behavioural disorders of school-aged children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Andrej Maras
Keyword(s):  
Play Therapy ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Child Play ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Behavioural Difficulties ◽  
Therapeutic Play ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Therapy Treatment

The main goal of this research was to identify and understand the effects of play therapy on the prevention of behavioural disorders of younger school-aged children. A semi-structured interview was used as the data collection method with 17 open-ended questions. The study participants were seven parents whose children were involved in play therapy treatment for at least 3 months. It has been shown that play therapy is an effective medium in empathy development, more successful emotion management, encouragement of non-violent communication and reduction in aggressive behaviour. It can be concluded that the effectiveness of play therapy in the prevention of behavioural disorders significantly depends on the involvement of parents in treatment and the relationship between a therapist and a child. This research certainly serves as a basis for further research that will recognise the importance of therapeutic play in solving emotional and/or behavioural difficulties of children and youth.   Keywords: Behavioural disorders, child, play therapy, prevention.

scholarly journals Assistência de enfermagem humanizada à criança hospitalizada

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Kelly Nascimento Marques
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Real Importance ◽  
Therapeutic Play ◽  
Therapeutic Nursing ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The Relationship

Desde o século XX, vemos a preocupação sobre humanização na área da saúde. Logo as instituições tem se preocupado com assistência humanizada nos tratamentos e em espaços diferenciados no ambiente hospitalar. Com relação a criança, pode parecer complexo, por envolver a relação com o acompanhante, onde a comunicação se dá por relações de afeto. O enfermeiro deve atuar na interação com paciente e família, tendo a mão o uso de brinquedo terapêutico que é uma técnica baseada nos princípios da ludoterapia, adaptado para aliviar ou diminuir a ansiedade na criança, que esteja ou não hospitalizada, gerada por experiências para sua idade. O objetivo foi apresentar à equipe de enfermagem a importância do cuidado humanizado com a criança hospitalizada. O estudo caracteriza-se em pesquisa bibliográfica em revistas e banco de dados eletrônicos como BIREME, LILACS, MEDILINE e SciELO. Concluiu-se que a enfermagem tem uma real importância do cuidado humanizado com o menor hospitalizado, melhorando a maneira peculiar de conviver com a situação da doença.Descritores: Humanização, Criança, Brinquedo Terapêutico, Enfermagem. Humanized nursing care to hospitalized childAbstractSince the twentieth century, we see the concern on humanization in health care. Thus, the institutions have been preoccupied with humanized treatments and different spaces in the hospital. With respect to children may seem complex, it involves the relationship with the companion, where communication takes place through relationships of affection. The nurse must act in interaction with patient and family, taking her hand the use of therapeutic play, which is a technique based on the principles of play therapy, adapted to relieve or lessen the anxiety, or who is not hospitalized, generated by their experiences to age. The aim was to present the nursing staff the importance of humane care to the hospitalized child. The study features in literature in journals and electronic databases such as BIREME, LILACS, MEDILINE and SciELO. It was concluded that nursing has a real importance of humanized care at the lowest hospital, improving the peculiar way of living with the disease situation.Descriptors: Humanization, Child, Toy Therapeutic, Nursing. Cuidados de enfermería humanizada a los niños hospitalizadosResumenDesde el siglo XX, vemos la preocupación acerca de la humanización en la atención de la salud. Por lo tanto, las instituciones se han preocupado por tratamientos humanizado y diferentes espacios en el hospital. Con respecto a los niños puede parecer complejo, que implica la relación con el compañero, donde la comunicación se lleva a cabo a través de relaciones de afecto. La enfermera debe actuar en interacción con el paciente y la familia, teniendo en su mano el uso del juego terapéutico, que es una técnica basada en los principios de la terapia de juego, adaptado a aliviar o disminuir la ansiedad, o que no está hospitalizado, generado por sus experiencias a edad. El objetivo fue presentar el personal de enfermería la importancia de la asistencia humanitaria a los niños hospitalizados. El estudio de las características de la literatura en revistas y bases de datos electrónicas como BIREME, LILACS, MEDILINE y SciELO. Se concluyó que la enfermería tiene una importancia real de la atención humanizada a los mejores hospitales, la mejora de la peculiar forma de vivir con la situación de la enfermedad.Descriptores: Humanización, Niño, Juguete Terapéutico, Enfermería.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Behavioural Disorders and Social Cognition among Orphans in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Huda Othman Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Social Cognitions ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Interview Session ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between behavioural disorders and social cognition among orphans in Saudi Arabia by adopting a phenomenological qualitative approach. To achieve this aim, 50 subjects were selected to participate in this study through a purposive sampling. The participants were subjected to a semi-structured interview session which lasted from 45 minutes to an hour. After data has been gathered, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to analyse data into themes which were categorized into three: Symptoms of Behavioural Disorders, Social Cognitions, and Factors. The results of the study showed that emotional and behavioural disorders that orphans face in Saudi Arabia were manifested by symptoms of disorders such as Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Social Phobia. Factors that tend to have a significant effect on behavioural problems among orphans consisted of traumatic events, events prior to admittance in the orphanage such as physical abuse, and the overall physical environment of the orphanage, which can be at risk of being conducive for bullying and fighting among orphans. Furthermore, there might be a relationship between behavioural disorders and social cognition among orphans in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Bidirectional Relationship Between Subjective Age and Frailty: Findings From the NHATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 271-271
Author(s):  
Yuxiao Li ◽  
Minhui Liu ◽  
Christina Miyawaki ◽  
Xiaocao Sun ◽  
Tianxue Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Frailty is a clinical syndrome that becomes increasingly common as people age. Subjective age refers to how young or old individuals experience themselves to be. It is associated with many risk factors of frailty, such as increased depression, worse cognitive function, and poorer psychological wellbeing. In this study, we examined the relationship between subjective age and frailty using the 2011-2015 waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Participants were community-dwelling older adults without frailty in the initial wave (N=1,165). Subjective age was measured by asking participants, “What age do you feel most of the time?” Based on the Fried five phenotypic criteria: exhaustion, unintentional weight loss, low physical activity, slow gait, and weak grip strength, frailty was categorized into robust=0, pre-frail=1 or 2; frail=3 or more criteria met. Participants were, on average, 74.1±6.5 years old, female (52%), and non-Hispanic White (81%). Eighty-five percent of the participants felt younger, and 3% felt older than their chronological age, but 41% of them were pre-frail/frail. Generalized estimating equations revealed that an “older” subjective age predicted a higher likelihood of pre-frailty and frailty (OR, 95%CI= 1.01, 1.01-1.02). In contrast, frailty predicted an “older” subjective age (OR, 95%CI= 2.97, 1.65-5.35) adjusting for demographics and health conditions. These findings suggest a bidirectional relationship between subjective age and frailty. Older people who feel younger than their chronological age are at reduced risk of becoming pre-frail/frail. Intervention programs to delay frailty progression should include strategies that may help older adults perceive a younger subjective age.

scholarly journals How Is Sleep Related to Anxiety or Depression in Older Adults With Dementia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 619-619
Author(s):  
Yeji Hwang ◽  
Nancy Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Anxiety and depression are one of the most distressing symptoms for the family caregivers. Little is known about the relationship between sleep impairments and anxiety/depression in this population and how objective and subjective sleep measures differ in relation to anxiety. This study was designed to examine the relationship between sleep impairments and anxiety/depression in people with dementia, using both subjective and objective sleep measures. Among the 170 study participants, 50% (n=85) reported to have anxiety/depression. In univariate logistic regression analyses on anxiety/depression, adjusting for dementia stage, people with more subjective sleep impairment had higher odds of having anxiety/depression (OR=1.111; 95% CI: 1.020-1.211, p=0.016) and people with poorer subjective sleep quality had higher odds of having anxiety/depression (OR=1.702; 95% CI: 1.046-2.769, p=0.032). Objective sleep measures from actigraphy did not show any significant relationships to anxiety/depression. The results suggest that subjective sleep measures are closely related to anxiety/depression in this population.

scholarly journals Prognostic Factors in Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Retrospective Study of Joint Slovak and Croatian Cohort of 249 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Jakub Gazda ◽  
Sylvia Drazilova ◽  
Martin Janicko ◽  
Ivica Grgurevic ◽  
Tajana Filipec Kanizaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Liver Decompensation ◽  
Treatment Responses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Therapy Treatment

Objective: To identify pretreatment laboratory parameters associated with treatment response and to describe the relationship between treatment response and liver decompensation in patients with primary biliary cholangitis treated with ursodeoxycholic acid. Methods: We defined treatment response as both ALP ≤ 1.67 × ULN and total bilirubin ≤ 2 × ULN. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to adjust for confounding effects of sociodemographic variables. Results: Pretreatment total bilirubin ((TB); OR = 0.3388, 95%CI = 0.1671–0.6077), ALT (OR = 0.5306, 95%CI = 0.3830–0.7080), AST (OR = 0.4065, 95%CI = 0.2690–0.5834), ALP (OR = 0.3440, 95%CI = 0.2356–0.4723), total cholesterol ((TC); OR = 0.7730, 95%CI = 0.6242–0.9271), APRI (OR = 0.3375, 95%CI = 0.1833–0.5774), as well as pretreatment albumin (OR = 1.1612, 95%CI = 1.0706–1.2688) and ALT/ALP (OR = 2.4596, 95%CI = 1.2095–5.5472) were associated with treatment response after six months of treatment. Pretreatment TB (OR = 0.2777, 95%CI = 0.1288–0.5228), ALT (OR = 0.5968, 95%CI = 0.4354–0.7963), AST (OR = 0.4161, 95%CI = 0.2736–0.6076), ALP (OR = 0.4676, 95%CI = 0.3487–0.6048), APRI (OR = 0.2838, 95%CI = 0.1433–0.5141), as well as pretreatment albumin (OR = 1.2359, 95%CI = 1.1257–1.3714) and platelet count (OR = 1.0056, 95%CI = 1.0011–1.0103) were associated with treatment response after 12 months of treatment. Treatment response after 6 months of UDCA therapy is significantly associated with treatment response after 12 months of UDCA therapy (OR = 25.2976, 95% CI = 10.5881–68.4917). Treatment responses after 6 and 12 months of UDCA therapy decrease the risk of an episode of liver decompensation in PBC patients (OR = 12.1156, 95%CI = 3.7192–54.4826 and OR = 21.6000, 95%CI = 6.6319–97.3840, respectively). Conclusions: There are several pretreatment laboratory parameters associated with treatment response in patients with primary biliary cholangitis. Treatment response after six months is significantly associated with treatment response after 12 months of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) therapy. Treatment responses after 6 and 12 months of UDCA decrease the risk of an episode of liver decompensation.

scholarly journals Relationship between Competency to Consent to Treatment and Psychological Well-Being: Mediating Effect of Empowerment and Emotion

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8170
Author(s):  
Yeun-Joo Hur ◽  
Joon-Ho Park ◽  
MinKyu Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Treatment Evaluation ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatients ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Consent To Treatment ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

This study was conducted to evaluate the competency to consent to the treatment of psychiatric outpatients and to confirm the role of empowerment and emotional variables in the relationship between competency to consent to treatment and psychological well-being. The study participants consisted of 191 psychiatric outpatients who voluntarily consented to the study among psychiatric outpatients. As a result of competency to consent to treatment evaluation, the score of the psychiatric outpatient’s consent to treatment was higher than the cut-off point for both the overall and sub-factors, confirming that they were overall good. In addition, the effect of the ability of application on psychological well-being among competency to consent to treatment was verified using PROCESS Macro, and the double mediation effect using empowerment and emotional variables was verified to provide an expanded understanding of this. As a result of the analysis, empowerment completely mediated the relation between the ability of application and psychological well-being, and the relation between the ability of application and psychological well-being was sequentially mediated by empowerment and emotion-related variables. Based on these findings, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

scholarly journals Can We Use Grip Strength to Predict Other Types of Hand Exertions? An Example of Manufacturing Industry Workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 856
Author(s):  
Victor Ei-Wen Lo ◽  
Yi-Chen Chiu ◽  
Hsin-Hung Tu
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Demographic Variable ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Central Taiwan ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

Background: There are different types of hand motions in people’s daily lives and working environments. However, testing duration increases as the types of hand motions increase to build a normative database. Long testing duration decreases the motivation of study participants. The purpose of this study is to propose models to predict pinch and press strength using grip strength. Methods: One hundred ninety-eight healthy volunteers were recruited from the manufacturing industries in Central Taiwan. The five types of hand motions were grip, lateral pinch, palmar pinch, thumb press, and ball of thumb press. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to explore the relationship between force type, gender, height, weight, age, and muscle strength. Results: The prediction models developed according to the variable of the strength of the opposite hand are good for explaining variance (76.9–93.1%). Gender is the key demographic variable in the predicting models. Grip strength is not a good predictor of palmar pinch (adjusted-R2: 0.572–0.609), nor of thumb press and ball of thumb (adjusted-R2: 0.279–0.443). Conclusions: We recommend measuring the palmar pinch and ball of thumb strength and using them to predict the other two hand motions for convenience and time saving.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis in pre-school aged children: a pilot survey in Marolambo District, Madagascar

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Sheehy ◽  
Heather Lawson ◽  
Emmanuel H. Andriamasy ◽  
Hannah J. Russell ◽  
Alice Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Regression Modelling ◽  
Intestinal Schistosomiasis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Technical Guidance ◽  
National Control ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis ◽  
National Control Programme

AbstractSchool-aged children (SAC) have a considerable burden of intestinal schistosomiasis in Madagascar yet its burden in pre-school aged children (PSAC) is currently overlooked. To assess the at-risk status of PSAC, we undertook a pilot epidemiological survey in June 2019 examining children (n = 89), aged 2–4-years of balanced gender, in six remote villages in Marolambo District, Madagascar. Diagnosis included use of urine-circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) dipsticks and coproscopy of stool with duplicate Kato-Katz (K-K) thick smears. Prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis by urine-CCA was 67.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 56.5–77.2%) and 35.0% (95% CI: 24.7–46.5%) by K-K. The relationship between faecal eggs per gram (epg) and urine-CCA G-scores (G1 to G10) was assessed by linear regression modelling, finding for every increment in G-score, epg increased by 20.4 (6.50–34.4, P = 0.006). Observed proportions of faecal epg intensities were light (78.6%), moderate (17.9%) and heavy (3.6%). Soil-transmitted helminthiasis was noted, prevalence of ascariasis was 18.8% and trichuriasis was 33.8% (hookworm was not reported). Co-infection of intestinal schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis occurred in 36.3% of PSAC. These results provide solid evidence highlighting the overlooked burden of intestinal schistosomiasis in PSAC, and they also offer technical  guidance for better surveillance data for the Madagascan national control programme.

The Relationship Between a Couple's Marital Adjustment and Beliefs About Diabetes Mellitus

1990 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Pieper ◽  
Wendla Kushion ◽  
Susan Gaida
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Dyadic Adjustment ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Dyadic Adjustment Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

Twenty married couples with one partner diagnosed as having diabetes at age 40 or older within the past 5 years participated in this study. Participants completed the diabetes or family version of Beliefs About Diabetes (BAD) and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). Results showed that perceived barriers to diet and to medication by the person with diabetes were associated with higher marital satisfaction and quality of marriage. In contrast, for the nondiabetic spouse, the perceived benefits of diet were negatively associated with the ability to work with the diabetic spouse. Additional research is needed to better understand the effect of diabetes on the marital relationship.

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