scholarly journals The General situation of ilm al-kalām in the Ottoman educational system up to the 16th century

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Recep Onal
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
Science And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Basic Features

In this paper, the formation of the Caliphate, which emerged as a scientific discipline by Mu‘tazila in Hijri 2nd Century, the general situation and basic features of the Ottoman education system up to the 16th century and the works of Kalām taught in madrasas are examined. This study is a descriptive and comparative study. This research will use the classical soruces of the history of Islam, the history of sects in islams and kalam. In spite of some unfavorable reactions which have been exhibited against Ilm al-Kalām since the earliest period of the Ottoman period, Ilm al-Kalām has been able to enter the curriculum of the Ottoman madrasas and become a knowledge discipline favored by the Ottoman sultans and their ʿulamās. The most important contributor to this was the Ottoman sultans, who showed great interest in science, valued the freedom of thought and belief, and provided free thinking and working environment in the Kalām and philosophical areas. In this respect, the Ottoman lands became a science and culture center and a great deal of scholars have been trained in scientific and religious areas up to the 16th century, and in these areas, they produced lots of precious works. Among these works, there are not only independent studies on akaid and Kalām but also works belonging to other disciplines which study the fields of faith, worship and morality together. Ilm al-Kalām came to the fore in the Ottoman education system with the help of these scholars who interested in Ilm al-Kalām. Through the middle of the 16th century, the importance given to the education of Kalām was decreased due to a number of reasons and Kalām was replaced by fiqh. The Anti-Kalām thought reached such a point that many books on Kalām theology had been removed from the madrasah course curriculum and some scholars gave fatwas that say that learning Kalām was forbidden. The findings state that the science of Kalam was considered important until 16th century after which it has   lost its importance in the educational system. This caused the loss the culture of criticism and the philosophical though has been ignored. Key Words: Ottoman, Kalām, Philosophy, Ahl al-Sunna, Madrasah

Can we educate a genius? Deliberations on the margins of the writings of Nietzsche

2017 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Gurczyńska-Sady
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Education Process

The article deals with the issue of systemic education. The author asks a classic question of whether traditional education systems should concentrate on students with average abilities or maybe they should foster the most talented ones. Considerations on this subject are conducted with regard to the multi-layered thought of Nietzsche, whose position is so invaluable that in a possible polemic it is situated as an exceptionally radical. Writing down the natural history of mankind, Nietzsche formulates a thesis that the moment of the creation of the first human communities, the moment of the socialisation of man, was extremely unfavourable as far as man’s strength, ability and creativity are concerned. He presents socialisation, which is part of the education process, as beneficial for the community and detrimental to the individual. This situation in the course of history remains the same, which – after the adoption of Nietzschean assumptions – gives cause to adopt a radical position of those who deem the education system unfit to foster outstanding individuals. Nietzsche’s view, in comparison with other views, is so innovative that it considers the inability as genealogically founded. Although the educational system from the point of view of the majority contributes to the emergence of new content, ideas or values, it remains inefficient for individuals of genius.

scholarly journals Ballet in Jesuit theatre in Vilnius

Menotyra ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmutas Šabasevičius
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Cultural Milieu ◽  
French Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Jesuit Order

The article analyses elements of dance in the Jesuit theatre in Vilnius University. These elements could be found in the performances produced from the end of the 16th century until the last years of Jesuit Order and the establishment of Educational Commission who took over the administration of the educational system in the Republic of Two Nations. With the help of scientific literature and programs of the performances, the productions with dance elements are presented describing their themes. The most important productions in this context are those titled as ballet, which were produced in Vilnius. These four ballets are an exception in the history of the Jesuit theatre in the Republic of Two Nations. These productions are “Ballet of Bacchus, god of drinks, with a happy beginning and sad ending”, “Ballet in the example of Orestes showing the punishment of gods onto the humans because of their lack of respect to the temples and their definite protection to those who search it looking for the help of gods“, “Ballet of the courageous man Hercules” and “Ballet of four human ages: spring as youth, summer as maturity, autumn as elderly and winter as senility”. They could be connected with some unknown teacher who worked in Vilnius in the middle of the 18th century and most probably originated from the French cultural milieu. This statement could be validated by the French prototypes of most of these ballets and the use of the word “ballet” in their titles, which was common in the French culture of this period.

Aspects of Media Education in Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-317
Author(s):  
Katya Stoyanova
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Media Culture ◽  
Media Education ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Media Pedagogy

The paper considers media education and its importance for the Bulgarian education system. It presents some aspects in the practical application of the scientific discipline Media Pedagogy, as well as the communication process, on which it is implemented. The thesis outlines some main goals, perspectives, and challenges in the context of the digital society, and the development of media culture. Media education promises to become an important factor in the creation of new forms of teaching and communication within and outside the educational system in the XXI century.

scholarly journals HADAPI TANTANGAN GLOBAL, LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN HINDU HARUS JADI GURUKULA MODERN

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Ni Kadek Surpi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
History Of

<p><em>Education is very important factor in building civilization. A civilization or a country will advance rapidly when its education system give such a great contributions to the development of Human Resources. The advancement of a nation is determined by the extent of the educational institution which has succeeded in building its human being into a superior human being, in order to be a dignified world citizen. Hindu civilization greatly emphasizes the importance of education. In the history of Sanatana Dharma, education gets an enormous portion along with the building of the concept of gurukula, where teachers and sisya are live together in an educational institution. Moreover, when the West has not found an established educational system, India has built the world's earliest university Thaksashila or Taxila with a highly developed teaching system. But the progress of civilization in the past has not always been well inherited in the next era. Currently, Hindus especially in Indonesia are faced with Hindu-based education that is able to answer global challenges. Not only prosecuted to build superior human resources, but educational institutions are required to mastered technology as a global phenomenon.</em><em> </em><em>Hindu educational institutions were requested to be capable for becoming a modern gurukula as well as capable for realizing superior human resources.</em></p>

scholarly journals Dekonstruksi pendidikan Islam sebagai subsistem pendidikan nasional

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Suyatno Suyatno
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Turmoil

The dualism of the nationally educational system has become the object of debate in various forums and educational seminars. The dualism of the educational system is the continuity of history; both in history of the Muslims in particular and the history of Indonesian people in general. In addition, the discourse of dualism also gained back the education system due to political turmoil ideology. Whatever the reason, the dualism has some nationally negative impact to educational institutions in Indonesia mostly in Islamic educational institutions. Therefore, it was the time that education in Indonesia must be under the policy of the ministry of education to make one-policy of educational system.Dualisme sistem pendidikan nasional telah menjadi objek perdebatan di berbagaiforum dan seminar-seminar pendidikan. Dualisme sistem pendidikan merupakankesinambungan sejarah, baik sejarah umat Islam pada khususnya maupun sejarah bangsa Indonesia pada umumnya. Di samping itu, wacana dualisme sistem pendidikan juga menguat kembali akibat gejolak politik nasional yang bermuatan ideologi tertentu. Apapun alasannya, dualisme banyak berdampak negatif terhadap lembaga pendidikan di Indonesia terlebih lembaga pendidikan Islam. Oleh karena itu sudah saatnya pendidikan di Indonesia berada di bawah satu payung kementerian sehingga menjadi sistem pendidikan satu atap.

scholarly journals Dekonstruksi pendidikan Islam sebagai subsistem pendidikan nasional

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Suyatno Suyatno
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Turmoil

The dualism of the nationally educational system has become the object of debate in various forums and educational seminars. The dualism of the educational system is the continuity of history; both in history of the Muslims in particular and the history of Indonesian people in general. In addition, the discourse of dualism also gained back the education system due to political turmoil ideology. Whatever the reason, the dualism has some nationally negative impact to educational institutions in Indonesia mostly in Islamic educational institutions. Therefore, it was the time that education in Indonesia must be under the policy of the ministry of education to make one-policy of educational system.Dualisme sistem pendidikan nasional telah menjadi objek perdebatan di berbagaiforum dan seminar-seminar pendidikan. Dualisme sistem pendidikan merupakankesinambungan sejarah, baik sejarah umat Islam pada khususnya maupun sejarah bangsa Indonesia pada umumnya. Di samping itu, wacana dualisme sistem pendidikan juga menguat kembali akibat gejolak politik nasional yang bermuatan ideologi tertentu. Apapun alasannya, dualisme banyak berdampak negatif terhadap lembaga pendidikan di Indonesia terlebih lembaga pendidikan Islam. Oleh karena itu sudah saatnya pendidikan di Indonesia berada di bawah satu payung kementerian sehingga menjadi sistem pendidikan satu atap.

A Confrontation between Two Doctrines: The Birth of Struggle for Hegemony in Hebrew Children's Literature during the 1930s and 1940s

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAEL DARR
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Literary Creation ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Literary Quality

This article describes a crucial and fundamental stage in the transformation of Hebrew children's literature, during the late 1930s and 1940s, from a single channel of expression to a multi-layered polyphony of models and voices. It claims that for the first time in the history of Hebrew children's literature there took place a doctrinal confrontation between two groups of taste-makers. The article outlines the pedagogical and ideological designs of traditionalist Zionist educators, and suggests how these were challenged by a group of prominent writers of adult poetry, members of the Modernist movement. These writers, it is argued, advocated autonomous literary creation, and insisted on a high level of literary quality. Their intervention not only dramatically changed the repertoire of Hebrew children's literature, but also the rules of literary discourse. The article suggests that, through the Modernists’ polemical efforts, Hebrew children's literature was able to free itself from its position as an apparatus controlled by the political-educational system and to become a dynamic and multi-layered field.

Model Kajian Pesantren: Studi Kritis terhadap Buku Dinamika Sistem Pendidikan Pesantren karya Mastuhu

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-421
Author(s):  
Fauzi Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Education System ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
Work Content ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Cultural Aspect ◽  
Religious Aspect

As typical Indonesian education institute, pesantren with all its component, tradition, culture, and uniqueness have drawn attention many expert and researchers. Pesantren existence has given great contribution to enhancement of the quality of human life. Many role have been played by pesantren; in social, political, economics, cultural aspect; and of course religious aspect which its basic study. These realities in turn have invited the attention of many circles to continuously examine, checking, or studying dynamics, growth, and also existence of pesantren. Among the study result is Mastuhu’s research: Dynamics of System of Education Pesantren, a Study about Element and Value of Pesantren Educational System. With this masterpiece, Mastuhu trying to promote the form of study pesantren which do not merely touching manifest (visible) aspect, but trying to find the values which is consisted inside that manifest; so can found positive, negative, and plus-minus items from pesantren’s education which need and needn’t to be developed in national’s education system. Through this article, the writer will express the work content from a perspective of its study approach.

“The last chord of the Silver Age”: science and culture in Crimea in 1920

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-4) ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kalinovsky ◽  
Alexander Puchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
The South ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Science And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Russian Intelligentsia

This article is devoted to the development of science and culture in the short period of the Wrangel Crimea - 1920. At this time, the brightest figures of Russian culture of that time worked on the territory of the small Peninsula: O. E. Mandelstam, M. A. Voloshin, B.D. Grekov, G.V. Vernadsky, V.I. Vernadsky and others. The article provides an overview of the life and activities of the Russian intelligentsia in 1920 in the Crimea, based on materials of periodicals as the most important source for studying the history of the Civil war in the South of Russia whose value is to be fully evaluated.

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