Are students more interested in solving mathematics problems related to reality?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Anggi Anggaraa
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Teacher ◽  
Word Problems ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
Mathematics Problems ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Girl Students ◽  
Modelling Problems

Eleven lower-achieving girl students (13/14 years old) were asked about their task-specific interest in solving mathematics problems that either related or did not relate to reality, both before and after solving problems. Six of the eleven students were interviewed about the reasons behind their interest in particular problems. Furthermore, an interview was also carried out with a mathematics teacher, to know the types of problems that students usually worked on and students’ interest in those problems from a teacher’s point of view. The analysis revealed that students possessed different interests concerning problems, which either related or not with reality. However, generally, they preferred to solve problems that had no connection to reality, because they were easily able to work on such problems without much confusion. Keywords: Students’ interest, modelling problems, dressed-up word problems, intra-mathematical problem.

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pengajuan Masalah Serta Penyelesaian Masalah Matematika Melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Pada Mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika STKIP “Tapanuli Selatan” Padang Sidempuan

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Sinar Depi Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Mathematics Problems ◽  
New Information ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Mathematical Relationships ◽  
Math Problems

Learning mathematics should be able to improve the abilityand creativity in learning mathematics, especially in solving mathematical problems. To improve theability of anappropriate learning need sand learning mathematical problem submissionis in accordance with the needs of students in facilitating the completion of (solution) of the mathematical problem significantly. To obtain data submission capability math problem students, the research for mulated the problemas follows: (a) How does the ability filing math problems before and after the learning seen from the stage before and during problem solving?,(b) How is the level of complexity of the questions asked of students according to the structure of language and mathematical relationships?, (c) how associations filing capability math problems with the ability of the settlement (solving) the mathematical problem?.To answer this problem conducted experimental research on mathematics semester students majoringin STKIP "Tapanuli Selatan" Padangsidimpuan. Results showed that (a) the ability of the student submission mathematical problemsseen from the stage before and during the settlement of problems inproblem-based learningis quite good, as shown by the large percentage of math questions that can be solved either with new information and without any new information. (b) Differences filing capabilities grade math problems and problem-based learning class conventional learningis significant. (c) the ability filing math problems with the ability of the settlement (solving) the strong association of students of mathematics problems.

scholarly journals THE LINGUISTIC CHALLENGES OF MATHEMATICS WORD PROBLEMS: A RESEARCH AND LITERATURE REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namirah Fatmanissa ◽  
Kusnandi Kusnandi
Keyword(s):  
Word Problems ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Semiotic System ◽  
Linguistic Feature ◽  
Mathematics Word Problems ◽  
Complex Syntax ◽  
Mathematics Problems ◽  
Linguistic Challenges

Purpose – Word problems are still considered challenging for students when compared to other type of mathematics problems. Many emerging findings regarding this issue highlight that the challenges are predominately caused by linguistic aspects. This article aims to present a review and synthesis of literatures regarding the linguistic challenges of mathematics word problems and recommend solutions to address these challenges. Methodology – Systematic search was done and 35 articles from inside and outside Indonesia were selected. The linguistic challenges and recommended solutions found were analyzed using the main features constructing mathematics language: multiple semiotic system, particular features of vocabulary and grammar, and complex syntax. Findings – The review shows various difficulties shown by students in each feature of mathematics language. The review also recommends the practice of mathematics teaching and learning in which language aspects are discussed and exercised both among students and between the students and the teacher in order to help students face their linguistics challenges. It is also imperative for teachers to understand the structure and linguistic features involved in constructing word problems. Significance – This review breaks down the difficulties of mathematics word problems from the perspective of linguistic features constructing them. The findings of this review offer teachers  different point of view to deal with teaching word problems, which is by understanding word problem as an entity of language rather than only as an entity of mathematics. This review also provides some solutions to help teachers address the difficulty for each linguistic feature.

Clinically Meaningful Change

Methodology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ferrer ◽  
Antonio Pardo
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test

Abstract. In a recent paper, Ferrer and Pardo (2014) tested several distribution-based methods designed to assess when test scores obtained before and after an intervention reflect a statistically reliable change. However, we still do not know how these methods perform from the point of view of false negatives. For this purpose, we have simulated change scenarios (different effect sizes in a pre-post-test design) with distributions of different shapes and with different sample sizes. For each simulated scenario, we generated 1,000 samples. In each sample, we recorded the false-negative rate of the five distribution-based methods with the best performance from the point of view of the false positives. Our results have revealed unacceptable rates of false negatives even with effects of very large size, starting from 31.8% in an optimistic scenario (effect size of 2.0 and a normal distribution) to 99.9% in the worst scenario (effect size of 0.2 and a highly skewed distribution). Therefore, our results suggest that the widely used distribution-based methods must be applied with caution in a clinical context, because they need huge effect sizes to detect a true change. However, we made some considerations regarding the effect size and the cut-off points commonly used which allow us to be more precise in our estimates.

Schema-Based Instruction Implemented Under Routine Conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Peltier ◽  
Mindy E Lingo ◽  
Faye Autry-Schreffler ◽  
Malarie Deardorff ◽  
Leslie Mathews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Word Problems ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Functional Relation ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Resource Room ◽  
Group Settings ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
Based Instruction

Students identified with a specific learning disability (SLD) experience difficulty with mathematical problem solving. One specific intervention identified as a promising practice for students with a SLD is schema-based instruction (SBI). The current projects aimed to tests the efficacy of SBI under routine conditions. This extends prior literature by (a) using a teacher as the implementer, (b) allowing flexibility in the intervention protocol, (c) condensing the duration of intervention sessions, and (d) providing instruction in small group settings. In addition, we examined student problem solving performance on word problems requiring two-steps and combined schema structures. We used a multiple-probe design across three groups of fifth-grade participants (n = 7) receiving supplemental instruction in a resource room setting. Results indicated a functional relation between SBI and problem-solving performance for all students on simple structure word problems, with the magnitude of effects varying across cases. The NAP, Tau, and BC-SMD effect sizes were used to quantify effects. Implications were discussed in regard to systematic replication and conditions that may impact fidelity.

Arthroscopy in Arthrosis: Is It Worth it? A case Presentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2232-2235
Author(s):  
Marius Moga ◽  
Mark Edward Pogarasteanu ◽  
Antoine Edu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Loose Body ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Joint Range

The role of arthroscopy in incipient and mild arthrosis, even combined with proximal tibial ostetomy, is well known and well documented. On the other hand, its role in the treatment of advanced arthrosis of the large joints, especially the knee, is a subject of controversy. The proponents of the use of arthroscopy in advanced arthrosis claim that meniscectomy, synovectomy, ostophytectomy, chondral lesion stabilization, arthroscopic release, plica and loose body removal greatly improve the quality of life for most patients, especially if followed by the use of viscoelastic injection, by diminishing pain and improving joint range of motion. The opponents claim that, even though the advantages are clear in the cases that refuse arthroplasty, in all the other cases the surgical indication should be total knee arthroplasty, as the clinical relief is temporary, but with all the risks of a surgical intervention. We have conducted an overview of the recent literature, in order to find objective evidence to sustain either point of view. We focused on articles published that included an objective measurement of before and after clinical status through clinical scores and objective measurements. We also focused on the follow-up period and on the evolution of the pathology after arthroscopy.

scholarly journals Systemic Lupus Erythematosus before and after COVID-19 Lockdown: How the Perception of Disease Changes through the Lenses of Narrative Medicine

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
Fulvia Ceccarelli ◽  
Venusia Covelli ◽  
Giulio Olivieri ◽  
Francesco Natalucci ◽  
Fabrizio Conti
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Narrative Medicine ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Text Content ◽  
Insight Into

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic contributes to the burden of living with different diseases, including Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). We described, from a narrative point of view, the experiences and perspectives of Italian SLE adults during the COVID-19 emergency, by distinguishing the illness experience before and after the lockdown. Methods: Fifteen patients were invited to participate. Illness narratives were collected between 22 and 29 March 2020 using a written modality to capture patients’ perspectives before and after the COVID-19 lockdown. We performed a two-fold analysis of collected data by distinguishing three narrative types and a qualitative analysis of content to identify the relevant themes and sub-themes reported. Results: Eight narratives included in the final analysis (mean length 436.9 words) have been written by eight females (mean age 43.3 ± 9.9 years, mean disease duration 13.1 ± 7.4 years). Six patients provided a quest narrative, one a chaos and the remaining one a restitution narrative. By text content analysis, we identified specific themes, temporally distinct before and after the lockdown. Before COVID-19, all the patients referred to a good control of disease, however the unexpected arrival of the COVID-19 emergency broke a balance, and patients perceived the loss of health status control, with anxiety and stress. Conclusions: We provided unique insight into the experiences of people with SLE at the time of COVID-19, underlining the perspective of patients in relation to the pandemic.

scholarly journals Students’ suspension of sense making in problem solving

ZDM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Carotenuto ◽  
Pietro Di Martino ◽  
Marta Lemmi
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Word Problem ◽  
Word Problems ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Mathematical Problems

AbstractResearch on mathematical problem solving has a long tradition: retracing its fascinating story sheds light on its intricacies and, therefore, on its needs. When we analyze this impressive literature, a critical issue emerges clearly, namely, the presence of words and expressions having many and sometimes opposite meanings. Significant examples are the terms ‘realistic’ and ‘modeling’ associated with word problems in school. Understanding how these terms are used is important in research, because this issue relates to the design of several studies and to the interpretation of a large number of phenomena, such as the well-known phenomenon of students’ suspension of sense making when they solve mathematical problems. In order to deepen our understanding of this phenomenon, we describe a large empirical and qualitative study focused on the effects of variations in the presentation (text, picture, format) of word problems on students’ approaches to these problems. The results of our study show that the phenomenon of suspension of sense making is more precisely a phenomenon of activation of alternative kinds of sense making: the different kinds of active sense making appear to be strongly affected by the presentation of the word problem.

GUIDANCE IN MATERNAL AND INFANT CARE TWO MONTHS BEFORE AND AFTER THE BIRTH OF THE FIRST-BORN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
AUGUSTA STUART CLAY
Keyword(s):  
Normal Growth ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
New Haven ◽  
Private Physician ◽  
Healthy Pregnancy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Haven Hospital ◽  
Made In

THIS study was made in the belief that family living and growth can be healthier if parents understand how mother and baby develop and what they need. Eleven mothers were visited weekly for two months before and after the birth of their firstborn to discover what guidance they wanted, what was offered, and what additional guidance was needed. The writer secured their cooperation by agreeing to work with them as a consultant, to interpret their point of view to the doctor, to explain medical instructions when permitted, and to teach the normal growth processes of mother and baby. Ten mothers were registered in the prenatal clinics of the New Haven Hospital; the eleventh had a private physician. They had no recorded problems beyond the needs of healthy pregnancy and they wanted to participate. Eight husbands agreed to take part in the study. The other three were overseas, but their wives reported for them. Backgrounds varied; 20 of the 22 had had college or high school education; all were between 18 and 32. None dropped out, and after the four months all asked for continued guidance. Cases were too few and the study too brief for statistical evidence. But problems were uncovered which needed to be considered and which have largely been neglected in routine obstetric and pediatric care. These parents wanted to learn—not in classes, but in the privacy of home—how to care for mother and baby without disrupting their accustomed way of living. All wanted the care and interest of one doctor for mother and one for baby. However, six women and five men preferred to talk with a consultant who was not a doctor, but who was affiliated with their doctors. The doctors seemed too busy for "little things" and "family affairs," and they saw so many doctors that they all seemed strangers. Once they felt sure that the consultant's interest was in themselves rather than in teaching them, they set the pace and pattern in the conference. There was no questionnaire, no probing, no set procedure. If they had any immediate interests or problems: job, move, presents, trips, in-laws, illness—these were discussed before they talked of pregnancy and baby.

Abortion and its consequences before and after legalization

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-258
Author(s):  
G. Baksht
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comprehensive Coverage

From a social point of view, the problem of abortion was and is, perhaps, more topical today than ever before. The comprehensive coverage of this problem, which involves the most intimate aspect of human life, social and domestic conditions, and ethical issues, can only be the product of the collective efforts of physicians, sociologists, and lawyers.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Surface Cleaning and Disinfection in a Brazilian Healthcare Facility

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aires G. Santos-Junior ◽  
Adriano M. Ferreira ◽  
Oleci P. Frota ◽  
Marcelo A. Rigotti ◽  
Larissa da S. Barcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bioluminescence Assay ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection ◽  
Hospital Cleaning

Background: Failures in the processes of cleaning and disinfecting health service surfaces may result in the spread and transfer of pathogens that are often associated with healthcare-related infections and outbreaks. Aims: To assess the effectiveness of environmental surface cleaning and disinfection in a hospital clinic. Method: The study was conducted in a nursing ward with 45 beds. A total of 80 samples from five high-touch surfaces were evaluated before and after cleaning and disinfection, using the following methods: visual inspection, adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay, aerobic colony count, Staphylococcus aureus colony count, and evaluation of resistance to methicillin. The data analysis used nonparametric comparative and correlative tests to observe any differences in the pre- and post- cleaning and disinfection results for the surfaces assessed. Results: Effective cleaning and disinfection had a significant effect on only two surfaces when measured for the presence of adenosine triphosphate, the inner bathroom door handle (p=0.007) and the toilet bowl (p=0.01). When evaluated for Staphylococcus aureus colony count, the toilet flush handle also demonstrated a significant effect (p=0.04). Conclusion: The effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection of the surfaces tested was not satisfactory. An educational intervention is recommended for the cleaning and disinfection staff and the nursing team at the healthcare facility. Relevance to Clinical Practice: The data in the study revealed that daily hospital cleaning and disinfection in the sampled sites are not sufficient in medical and surgical wards. Hospital cleanliness must be reevaluated from the point of view of materials, such as an adequate supply of clean cloths, in addition to establishing more precise cleanliness protocols and accurate monitoring systems.

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