scholarly journals STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KOPERASI INDONESIA MENUJU KOPERASI MANDIRI

IQTISHODUNA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Al Idrus
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Business Power ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Better Than

Cooperation is a social enterprise which its existence should be developed in order to create economic democartion. Cooperation has to act as a counterpart to otherside which power is concentrated on certain groups. More over, as a base of national economic, cooperation not only becomes an institution which members are small scale indutries, buat also becomes an absolute economic power in determining national economic’s power and behavior it self. In realizing it, cooperation must have an ability to become an atunomous institution outisde the government. Having a clear “core business”, cooperation will get the benefit by exploiting business power in its scope. If it is reached, cooperation will become one of the independent economic actors. This independence will make the cooperation developes better than ever. On the other side, cooperation must still have bottom-commitment to the society who has it.

scholarly journals STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KOPERASI INDONESIA MENUJU KOPERASI MANDIRI

IQTISHODUNA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Al Idrus
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Business Power ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Better Than

Cooperation is a social enterprise which its existence should be developed in order to create economic democartion. Cooperation has to act as a counterpart to otherside which power is concentrated on certain groups. More over, as a base of national economic, cooperation not only becomes an institution which members are small scale indutries, buat also becomes an absolute economic power in determining national economic’s power and behavior it self. In realizing it, cooperation must have an ability to become an atunomous institution outisde the government. Having a clear “core business”, cooperation will get the benefit by exploiting business power in its scope. If it is reached, cooperation will become one of the independent economic actors. This independence will make the cooperation developes better than ever. On the other side, cooperation must still have bottom-commitment to the society who has it.

scholarly journals The development of small scale farming: two cases from the Commonwealth Caribbean.

1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-274
Author(s):  
D.T. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
The Face ◽  
Market Gardening ◽  
Commonwealth Caribbean ◽  
The Government

Two very different cases of small-scale farm development in the Commonwealth Caribbean are reviewed. One is Jamaican small farming, which responded little to considerable efforts made for its improvement by the Government agencies. The other is market gardening at Aranjuez, Trinidad where production grew at an extremely rapid rate in the face of intense and antagonistic competition between the market gardeners and without significant direct assistance by official agencies. The conclusions include a number of possible strategies for farm development, comprising individual or collective persuasion, coercion, creation of new farms, and environmental changes. T. A. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Phylogeny of the Tyrant Flycatchers (Tyrannidae) Based on Morphology and Behavior

The Auk ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 715-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Birdsley
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
The Other ◽  
Behavioral Data ◽  
Plumage Color ◽  
Parsimonious Tree ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Tyrant Flycatchers

Abstract Previously published morphological and behavioral data for the tyrant flycatchers (Tyrannidae) were reanalyzed using cladistic techniques. Several additional characters, including two putative synapomorphies of the Tyrannidae were incorporated. Nearly all of the ∼100 traditional tyrannid genera were included. Results of the analysis of this set of 68 characters support three previously proposed tyrannid assemblages: the kingbird assemblage and slightly restricted Empidonax and Myiarchus assemblages. Characters of the nasal septum that past workers have considered conservative and phylogenetically informative are supported as synapomorphies of the kingbird and restricted Empidonax assemblages. Several small monophyletic groups of genera are supported. The monophyly of neither the Elaenia assemblage nor the flatbill and tody-tyrant assemblage is supported in any most-parsimonious tree, but such trees are not significantly better than trees supporting their monophyly. A Tyrannidae exclusive of the Cotingidae and Pipridae is monophyletic in some most-parsimonious trees, but not in others in which flatbills and tody-tyrants are basal to a clade containing Cotingidae, Pipridae, and the remaining tyrannid genera. There is some evidence that characters describing plumage color pattern are more homoplasious than the other character suites I examined.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis for Uniform and Binomial Distribution on Contention Window using DSRC and Wi-Fi Direct Standard

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1452
Author(s):  
Nurain Izzati Shuhaimi ◽  
Heriansyah Heriansyah ◽  
Tutun Juhana ◽  
Adit Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Binomial Distribution ◽  
Wireless Networking ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contention Window ◽  
Collision Probability ◽  
Average Throughput ◽  
Potential Competitor ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, we present a mathematical analysis on the performance and behavior of uniformly distributed and non-uniformly distributed backoff timer based on binomial algorithm by using two standards which is the conventional DSRC and the latest Wi-Fi Direct. DSRC is a well-known technology being considered as the most promising wireless standard in VANET. On the other hand, as the latest wireless networking standard, the potential of Wi-Fi Direct technology should be concerned. We evaluates these standards using uniform and binomial distribution for contention window under mathematical modelling in order to analyze the average throughput and collision probability performance. The results show that binomial distribution in Wi-Fi Direct standard is 7.05% and 97.13% better than uniform distribution, in terms of average throughput and collision probability, respectively. Thus we can defer that Wi-Fi Direct is feasible to be used as an alternative standard since it has been considered as potential competitor of DSRC in VANET.

scholarly journals State ownership and firm performance: A performance evaluation of disinvested public sector enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
I. Chhabra ◽  
S. Gupta ◽  
V. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Administrative Functions ◽  
The Government

The Indian government devised a flexible method to modify the performance of public sector firms through disinvestment in the 1990s to boost commercial strength and bridge the budget deficit. The disinvestment policy intends to reduce the government’s involvement in the country’s economic activities to encourage the private sector. The research aims to empirically examine the financial and operating performance of thirty-two Central public sector enterprises (CPSEs) in India. Further, the paper intends to study the other firm factors that influence the performance parameters. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and random panel regression model are the methods employed to analyze the data statistically. The results show that the profitability of disinvestment has not brought significantly much improvement post-privatization in PSEs. In contrast, the productivity of employees has improved. Dividend payout ratio and no. of employees have shown improvement after five years of disinvestment, and leverage has insignificantly declined. In addition, state ownership shows a significant negative relationship with the performance variables. It implies that higher the equity shareholding of the government (state ownership) in the CPSEs, would negatively hamper the performance of firms. On the other hand, GDP and firm size are positively affecting the profitability and productivity of employees. The study concludes that the government is required to bring down the equity shareholdings in CPSEs, directing more efforts towards strategic disinvestment. Government should choose strategic disinvestment rather than partial and small-scale disinvestment because neither will offer good results. The decline in leverage shows the availability of cheaper sources of finance. Furthermore, it has been suggested that government interference in operational and administrative functions should be given the least priority.

National Economic Power. Dynamic Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (38) ◽  
pp. 22-36
Author(s):  
Alicja Paluch ◽  
Henryk Spustek
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Dynamic Aspect ◽  
Descriptive Model ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
National Power

The national power can be considered in a static and dynamic aspect as well. This applies to all dimensions of the national power, both military and non-military, including the economic one presented in this article. The national power, treated in a static sense as one of the leading features of the state and estimated over a given period, can only be descriptive. On the other hand, it gains a new dimension in a dynamic sense that consists in the possibility of developing the research into a prognostic area. Therefore, this approach to the issue of the national power has been presented here. The research hypothesis is that on the basis of available statistical data it is possible to construct a verifiable dynamic descriptive model of the national economic power, which enables comparative analyses of the group of selected countries. The research took advantage of statistical methods of selecting variables for linear models and methods of system analysis, including multi-criteria, taxonomic method of comparative analysis. Analyses that have been performed allowed to create a dynamic descriptive model of the national power in the economic sphere. The constructed model was positively verified based on the available figures for the selected group of countries. The conducted calculations suggest that it is possible to use this model for further analyses of the national power in the economic sphere.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI PAKET VIII KEBIJAKAN EKONOMI PEMBANGUNAN DENGAN SATU PEMANFAATAN RUANG DAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Bono Prambudi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Regional Plan ◽  
National Economic Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Important Activity

Development is a very important activity in efforts to increase economic growth for Indonesia. Thus, the economic policies taken by the Government must be able to encourage, be sustainable and interrelated between one economic sector with the other sectors in order to achieve the expected goals. The regional autonomy policy is expected to be able to reduce this for the sake of shared prosperity, between the center and the respective regions. This study examines that the determination of the RTRW (Spatial and Regional Plan) is a matter that must be mutually agreed upon in order to formulate national economic development.

Resolving the Covid Vaccination Debate by Understanding Diversity and Standardization

2021 ◽  
pp. 231971452110601
Author(s):  
Shaomin Li ◽  
David Selover
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Optimal Balance ◽  
Entire Nation ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Good Set ◽  
Better Than

To help resolve the current debate on whether countries should vaccinate the whole population against Covid, we offer a new perspective by looking at the issue as a case of diversity versus standardization, which, we believe, is at the heart of the issue, moving away from the politics. While diversity and standardization are, to a large extent, opposites, they are also complementary in social, economic and technological development. Over-promoting or artificially suppressing one or the other will harm the creativity and efficiency of an economy. The optimal balance between diversity and standardization is that when facing a new problem of an unknown nature, we must diversify and create a competition to find the best methods for solving it. In the current covid crisis, we have done just that, and now we have a good set of vaccines, some better than others. Once the best methods are found, the government of a country should concentrate and adopt them as the standard for the entire nation for implementation. When we develop vaccines, we need some diversity, a diversity of ideas, approaches and chemistry. Once the best vaccines have been found, we need to have standardization to quickly vaccinate the entire population and realize the benefits of the vaccines.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

Psychology of the Market and Economic Power (On Psychological Approach of Alan Greenspan to the Analysis of Economic Problems)

2011 ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
Yu. Olsevich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Market System ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Systemic Crisis ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The One

The article analyzes the psychological basis of the theory and economic policy of libertarianism, as contained in the book by A. Greenspan "The Age of Turbulence", clarifies the strengths and weaknesses of this doctrine that led to its discredit in 2008. It presents a new understanding of liberalization in 1980-1990s as a process of institutional transformation at the micro and meso levels, implemented by politicians and entrepreneurs with predatory and opportunistic mentality. That process caused, on the one hand, the acceleration of growth, on the other hand - the erosion of informal foundations of a market system. With psychology and ideology of libertarianism, it is impossible to perceive real macro risks generated at the micro level, which lead to a systemic crisis, and to develop measures to prevent it.

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