Sex and Race Differences in the Relationship between Obesity and C-Reactive Protein

<p>C-reactive protein (CRP) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality; it is known to be positively associated with obesity but there is some evidence that this association differs by race or sex. We used nationally representative data of adults aged >50 years to investigate sex and race modifiers of the associations between obesity and CRP in non-Hispanic White males (n=3,517) and females (n=4,658), and non-Hispanic Black males (n=464) and females (n=826). Using multiple linear regression models with the natural logarithm of CRP as the dependent variable, we sequentially included body mass index (BMI), a body shape index (ABSI), and socioeconomic, health and health behavior covariates in the model. The association between BMI and CRP was significantly stronger in females than males. Obese White females had mean CRP values slightly above 3 mg/liter (vs 2 for White males) and Black females had mean CRP values >4 mg/liter (vs 3 for Black males). More than 50% of Black females in the United States have obesity. Continued research into racial and sex differences in the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and health risks may ultimately lead to more personalized weight loss recommendations. <em>Ethn Dis</em>. 2016;26(2):197-204; doi:10.18865/ ed.26.2.197</p>

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Suicide in the Medical Patient

The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine ◽

10.2190/ef4f-9kv7-1mlm-myxq ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 3-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Thomas B. MacKenzie ◽

Michael K. Popkin

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Medical Patient ◽

The United States ◽

Physical Illness ◽

Medical Procedures ◽

Black Females ◽

White Males ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Suicidal Patients ◽

The Relationship

According to the statistical abstract of the United States for 1982–1983, there were 1,913,800 deaths in the United States in 1979 [1]. Twenty-seven thousand, or 1.4 percent of those deaths were by suicide, yielding a suicide rate of 11.9/100,000/year. The rate was highest (39.2/100,000) for white males sixty-five years and over and lowest (0.1/100,000) for black females between five and fourteen years. It is generally accepted that physical illness is a risk factor for suicide. If this is true, then in caring for persons with significant physical illness, physicians are dealing with a population at increased risk of suicide. In its opening section, this article will review the evidence that points to a positive correlation between suicide and physical illness. Next the association between specific illnesses, such as peptic ulcer and cancer, and suicide will be examined. Third, risk factors associated with the occurrence of suicide in medical-surgical hospitals will be reviewed. Fourth, the occurrence of suicide in relationship to medical procedures will be discussed. Fifth, the evaluation and management of suicidal patients in medical settings will be briefly considered. This review will not consider the relationship between physical illness and attempted suicide.

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Ethnic difference in the relationship between acute inflammation and serum ferritin in US adult males

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026880700831x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 136 (3) ◽

pp. 421-431 ◽

Cited By ~ 128

Author(s):

Y. PAN ◽

R. T. JACKSON

Keyword(s):

Serum Ferritin ◽

Black Males ◽

Acute Inflammation ◽

Ethnic Difference ◽

Future Research ◽

Adult Males ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

White Males ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

SUMMARYThis study examined the ethnic difference in the association between increased serum ferritin (SF) (>300 μg/l) and acute inflammation (AI) (C-reactive protein ⩾1·0 mg/dl) between black and white males aged ⩾20 years. Using data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), we determined the risk for having elevated SF in black males (n=164) and white males (n=325) with AI present as well as black males (n=1731) and white males (n=2877) with AI absent. Black subjects with AI present were 1·71 times (95% CI 1·18–2·49), and 1·87 times (95% CI 1·46–2·40) more likely to have increased SF than AI absent blacks and AI present whites, respectively. Furthermore, with AI present, every increment of C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, serum albumin, lymphocyte count and platelet count was associated with higher odds of having elevations in SF in blacks than whites. Regardless of AI status, blacks were more likely to have elevations in SF than whites, and the prevalence of elevated SF was significantly higher in blacks than whites. This finding suggested that black males may respond to inflammation with a more aggressive rise in SF compared to white males. Future research is needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms.

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Physical Attractiveness and Severity of Sentencing

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1977.40.1.315 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 315-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Gloria Leventhal ◽

Ronald Krate

Keyword(s):

Negative Correlation ◽

Black Males ◽

Physical Attractiveness ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Black Females ◽

White Males ◽

The Relationship

The present study examined the relationship between the defendants' physical attractiveness and assigned length of sentencing. Two independent samples of 96 subjects each (24 white males, 24 white females, 24 black males, and 24 black females) were used, one for assigning sentences (in years and months) and one for rating physical attractiveness (on a 1—7 scale). The defendants were 6 white males, 6 white females, 6 black males, and 6 black females. An over-all significant negative correlation of —.42 ( df — 22, p < .05) was found.

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EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF LEVELS OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AND HOMOCYSTEIN IN PATIENTS WITH ABDOMINAL OBESITY AND PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LIVER DEFINED BY BIOPROGNOSTIC TEST STEATOSCREEN.

10.26226/morressier.59a6b341d462b80290b53e58 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Ekaterina Chernetcova

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Gut mycobiota alterations in patients with COVID-19 and H1N1 infections and their associations with clinical features

Communications Biology ◽

10.1038/s42003-021-02036-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Longxian Lv ◽

Silan Gu ◽

Huiyong Jiang ◽

Ren Yan ◽

Yanfei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Features ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Candida Glabrata ◽

Penicillium Citrinum ◽

Medical Attention ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Fungal Burden ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Bacterial Microbiota ◽

The Relationship

AbstractThe relationship between gut microbes and COVID-19 or H1N1 infections is not fully understood. Here, we compared the gut mycobiota of 67 COVID-19 patients, 35 H1N1-infected patients and 48 healthy controls (HCs) using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 3-ITS4 sequencing and analysed their associations with clinical features and the bacterial microbiota. Compared to HCs, the fungal burden was higher. Fungal mycobiota dysbiosis in both COVID-19 and H1N1-infected patients was mainly characterized by the depletion of fungi such as Aspergillus and Penicillium, but several fungi, including Candida glabrata, were enriched in H1N1-infected patients. The gut mycobiota profiles in COVID-19 patients with mild and severe symptoms were similar. Hospitalization had no apparent additional effects. In COVID-19 patients, Mucoromycota was positively correlated with Fusicatenibacter, Aspergillus niger was positively correlated with diarrhoea, and Penicillium citrinum was negatively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP). In H1N1-infected patients, Aspergillus penicilloides was positively correlated with Lachnospiraceae members, Aspergillus was positively correlated with CRP, and Mucoromycota was negatively correlated with procalcitonin. Therefore, gut mycobiota dysbiosis occurs in both COVID-19 patients and H1N1-infected patients and does not improve until the patients are discharged and no longer require medical attention.

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The Relationship between Vitamin D and Coronary Artery Ectasia in Subjects with a Normal C-Reactive Protein Level

Korean Circulation Journal ◽

10.4070/kcj.2016.0198 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 231 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Goksel Cagirci ◽

Selcuk Kucukseymen ◽

Isa Oner Yuksel ◽

Nermin Bayar ◽

Erkan Koklu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Protein Level ◽

Coronary Artery Ectasia ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

The Relationship

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Serum C reactive protein levels and genetic variation in the CRP gene are not associated with the prevalence, incidence or progression of osteoarthritis independent of body mass index

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/ard.2009.125260 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 69 (11) ◽

pp. 1976-1982 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Hanneke J M Kerkhof ◽

Sita M A Bierma-Zeinstra ◽

Martha C Castano-Betancourt ◽

Moniek P de Maat ◽

Albert Hofman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Body Mass ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Knee Oa ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Serum Crp ◽

The Relationship

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between serum C reactive protein (CRP) levels, genetic variation in the CRP gene and the prevalence, incidence and progression of radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) in the Rotterdam Study-I (RS-I). A systematic review of studies assessing the relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) and CRP levels was also performed.MethodsThe association between CRP levels and genetic variation in the CRP gene and ROA was examined in 861 patients with hand OA, 718 with knee OA, 349 with hip OA and 2806 controls in the RS-I using one-way analysis of covariance and logistic regression, respectively. PubMed was searched for articles published between January 1992 and August 2009 assessing the relationship between CRP levels and OA.ResultsIn RS-I the prevalence of knee OA, but not hip OA or hand OA, was associated with 14% higher serum CRP levels compared with controls (p=0.001). This association disappeared after adjustment for age and especially body mass index (BMI) (p=0.33). Genetic variation of the CRP gene was not consistently associated with the prevalence, incidence or progression of OA within RS-I. The systematic review included 18 studies (including RS-I) on serum CRP levels and the prevalence, incidence or progression of OA. Consistently higher crude CRP levels were found in cases of prevalent knee OA compared with controls. No association was observed between serum CRP levels and the prevalence of knee OA following adjustment for BMI (n=3 studies, meta-analysis p value=0.61).ConclusionThere is no evidence of association between serum CRP levels or genetic variation in the CRP gene with the prevalence, incidence or progression of OA independent of BMI.

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Correlation of High Sensitive C Reactive Protein Levels as Inflammation Marker with Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Value in Regular Hemodialysis Patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital

International Journal of Research and Review ◽

10.52403/ijrr.20210703 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 14-27

Author(s):

Anwar Sholeh ◽

Alwi Thamrin Nasution ◽

Radar Radius Tarigan

Keyword(s):

General Hospital ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cell Distribution ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Pearson Correlation Analysis ◽

The Relationship ◽

Red Blood Cell Distribution ◽

Regular Hemodialysis

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by structural and functional disorder of the kidney with irreversible and gradual characteristics with one of the modalities of renal replacement therapy such as hemodialysis (HD). The role of inflammation in HD patients by uremic toxin and dialysis can be assessed by the marker of High Sensitive C Reactive Protein (HsCRP). Several studies have examined the relationship between HsCRP and red cell distribution width (RDW) in regular HD patients which leads to increase patient morbidity and mortality, but until now, there has been no study in Indonesia regarding the correlation between HsCRP and RDW in regular HD patients. This study aims to determine the correlation HsCRP as a marker of inflammation and RDW values in regular HD patients. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in Regular HD patients at Dialysis Unit-H. Adam Malik General Hospital. A total of 20 subjects were included. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship of HsCRP, ureum, creatinin, hemoglobin, and eGFR to RDW. Results: There were 20 Regular HD patients analyzed. The proportion of patients with increased RDW was 80%. In pearson correlation test, there is a strong correlation between HsCRP and RDW (r= 0.667, p<0.001). Discussion: Majority of regular HD patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital were assessed with increased RDW. Pearson correlation analysis revealed HsCRP was significantly associated with RDW. Conclusion: Increased RDW was found in 80% of regular HD patients at H. Adam malik General Hospital. From pearson correlation analysis, we found HsCRP was significantly associated with RDW. Keywords: inflammation, high sensitive c reactive protein, red blood cell distribution width, regular hemodialysis.

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MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME IN CHILDREN: DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS AND FEATURES OF PHARMACOTHERAPY

Medical Science of Ukraine (MSU) ◽

10.32345/2664-4738.1.2021.03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 24-28

Author(s):

M.V. Кhaitovych ◽

L.M. Voroniuk ◽

G.Yu. Borisova ◽

N.V. Diudenko ◽

N.M. Miagka

Keyword(s):

Distress Syndrome ◽

The United States ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Markers Of Inflammation ◽

Laboratory Markers ◽

Mucous Membranes ◽

Coronavirus Infection ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Inflammatory Syndrome

Relevance. In 2020, children were hospitalized with fever and multisystem inflammation throughout the world during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the United States, this condition is called MIS-C (Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children). This syndrome is thought to be similar to the severe course of COVID-19 in adults (cytokine storm). The objective of the work is to evaluate the features of the course and pharmacotherapy of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Materials and methods. The study included 17 children (10 boys and 7 girls) aged 3-16 years (on average – 9.5±3.4 years). Diagnosis of coronavirus infection was performed by polymerase chain reaction with real-time detection, determined the level of immunoglobulins M and G before coronavirus infection. Results. The duration of fever in patients was 5-21 days (average 8.1±4.0 days), the duration of inpatient treatment – 7-35 days (average 15.7±7.0 days). Blood albumin levels were reduced in 53.8% of children; the level of fibrinogen was increased in 88.2% of children, the level of C-reactive protein, ferritin, and D-dimer – in all patients. 15 (88.2%) children had pathology of the digestive system, 13 (76.5%) – cardiovascular system (7 children were diagnosed with carditis, 2 – dilation of coronary arteries, 7 – cardiac arrhythmia). Acute respiratory distress -syndrome was found in a 13-year-old girl, shock - in an 11-year-old boy, 11 children (64.7%) were diagnosed with the pathology of the respiratory system (pleurisy, pneumonia), skin and mucous membranes, and 4 children (23.5%) there were manifestations of central nervous system disorders (meningism, decreased reflexes, ataxia), in 2 (11.8%) – renal failure. On average, each patient had lesions of 3.9 ±1.2 systems. Conclusions. MIS-C was manifested by prolonged fever, high levels of laboratory markers of inflammation, hypoalbuminemia, hypercoagulation, often – pathological manifestations of the cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory systems, skin, and mucous membranes. The treatment included intravenous immunoglobulin, steroids, anticoagulant, and antibacterial therapy and was effective.

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