Home Service Health Aide Careers for the Handicapped

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
Joav Gozali ◽  
John Clark
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Home Service ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation Act ◽  
And Training ◽  
Manpower Shortage

In the past decade, many manpower programs have been designed and implemented in response to the needs and aspirations of the poor and minority groups in our society. One of the most innovative programs has been the New Careers Program. As articulated by A. Pearl and F. Riessman (1965), the New Careers Program was designed to respond to the critical manpower shortage in the field of human services, and, also, to enable disenfranchised groups to gain occupational and social mobility through simultaneous education and training programs.The New Careers Program had its fair share of labor pains, and, subsequently, its successes and failures. While New Careers was designed to serve the poor and minority group members, it tended to bypass the handicapped, who are, for the most part, both poor and members of a minority group—the handicapped. The 1968 Vocational Rehabilitation Act corrected that problem through Section 4(a) (2) (C), New Careers in Rehabilitation, and through Section 4(a) (2) (D), New Careers for the Handicapped. Only in June, 1970, however, was the New Careers Program in Vocational Rehabilitation begun. The purpose of this paper is to describe one such rehabilitation program.

scholarly journals Interethnic Relations in a Changing Political Context

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maykel Verkuyten ◽  
Katarzyna Zaremba
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Multiple Groups

The aim of this study was to examine evaluations of multiple groups by both ethnic majority-group (Dutch) and minority-group (Turkish-Dutch) members during a turbulent political period in the Netherlands, marked by the rapid rise and subsequent decline of a new-rightist, populist movement. The analysis of cross-sectional data from three periods (2001 to 2003) showed clear changes in these evaluations. As expected, both the Dutch and the Turkish participants showed higher ingroup identification and ingroup evaluation in 2002 than in 2001 and 2003. In addition, in 2002 the Dutch participants evaluated the Islamic outgroups (Turks and Moroccans) more negatively, whereas their evaluation of other ethnic minority groups did not differ across the three years. In contrast, Turkish participants evaluated all ethnic outgroups, including the Dutch and the Moroccans, more negatively in 2002. We conclude that it is important to study ethnic relations across time, in relation to political circumstances, from the perspective of both majority- and minority-group members, and in relation to different ethnic outgroups.

It's Not Us, It's You: Why Isn't Research on Minority Workers Appearing in Our “Top-Tier” Journals?

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Diaz ◽  
Mindy E. Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Minority Workers

Ruggs et al. (2013) argued that industrial–organizational (I–O) psychologists have “gone fishing” insofar as we (as a field) have neglected conducting research on minority groups in the workplace. They offer interesting and insightful suggestions for researching the seven groups named in their paper. We believe that many of these ideas can be extended to other minority groups as well. It is our sincere hope that the focal article will attract the attention of both new and established researchers interested in studying minority group members' experiences in the workplace. We also hope that the article will validate and motivate researchers who already study these issues and confirm the importance of including minority perspectives in the I–O literature.

scholarly journals Facing One’s Implicit Biases: From Awareness to Acknowledgment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Hahn ◽  
Bertram Gawronski
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Implicit Bias ◽  
Affective Reactions ◽  
Implicit Biases ◽  
Explicit Bias ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Expanding on conflicting theoretical conceptualizations of implicit bias, six studies tested the effectiveness of different procedures to increase acknowledgment of harboring biases against minorities. Participants who predicted their responses towards pictures of various minority groups on future IATs showed increased alignment between implicit and explicit preferences (Studies 1-3), greater levels of explicit bias (Studies 1-3), and increased self-reported acknowledgment of being racially biased (Studies 4-6). In all studies, effects of IAT score prediction on acknowledgment were significant even when participants did not actually complete IATs. Effects of predicting IAT scores were moderated by non-prejudicial goals, in that IAT score prediction increased acknowledgment of bias for participants with strong non-prejudicial goals, but not for participants with weak non-prejudicial goals (Study 4). Mere completion of IATs and feedback on IAT performance had inconsistent effects across studies and criterion measures. Instructions to attend to one’s spontaneous affective reactions toward minority group members increased acknowledgment of bias to the same extent as IAT score prediction (Study 6). The findings are consistent with conceptualizations suggesting that (1) implicit evaluations are consciously experienced as spontaneous affective reactions and (2) directing people’s attention to their spontaneous affective reactions can increase acknowledgment of bias. Implications for theoretical conceptualizations of implicit bias and interventions that aim to reduce discrimination via increased acknowledgment of bias are discussed.

scholarly journals Conceptions of National Identity and Opposition to Bicultural Policies in New Zealand: A Comparison of Majority and Minority Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Devos ◽  
Kumar Yogeeswaran ◽  
Chris G Sibley
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Nationally Representative

Using a nationally representative sample, the present research tested whether conceptions of national identity differentially predicted attitudes toward bicultural policies among New Zealanders of European, Māori, Asian, and Pacific descent. A series of multi-group structural equation models revealed that among members of the majority group and all minority groups, endorsement of a civic conception of national identity (i.e., respecting political institutions and laws) was related to opposition to resource policies, but such a relationship was especially strong among the majority group. By contrast, endorsement of an ethnic conception of national identity (i.e., having Māori or European ancestry) was related to support for resource and symbolic policies among minority group members, but to opposition to the same policies among the majority group. The present work documents that belonging to a majority vs. minority group moderates the relations between conceptions of national identity (civic vs. ethnic) and support or opposition to specific bicultural policies. In addition, some elements of civic conceptions of national identity may legitimize inequalities rather than reduce them.

scholarly journals The role of optimal conditions and intergroup contact in promoting positive intergroup relations in and out of the workplace: A study with ethnic majority and minority workers

2021 ◽  
pp. 136843022110109
Author(s):  
Gian Antonio Di Bernardo ◽  
Loris Vezzali ◽  
Michèle D. Birtel ◽  
Sofia Stathi ◽  
Barbara Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Positive Contact

A field study was conducted with majority and minority group members to test whether the effects of optimal contact conditions and of intergroup contact generalize across situations, and extend to the support of intergroup equality in terms of agreement with social policies benefitting the minority group. Participants were 163 Italian and 129 immigrant workers in three corporate organizations. Results from structural equation modelling analyses revealed that, for the majority group, positive contact stemming from optimal contact conditions was indirectly associated, via reduction in negative stereotypes, with more positive behavior that generalized across situations. For both majority and minority groups, positive contact stemming from optimal contact conditions was associated with less negative stereotypes, and in turn with greater support for social policies favoring the minority. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, also in relation to the significance of the present results for research investigating the relation between intergroup contact and social change.

Psycho-Sociological Aspects of Relations among Three Ethnic Groups: Slovenes, Italians and Friulians

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-185
Author(s):  
Emidio Sussi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Friuli Venezia Giulia ◽  
Cultural Structures

This essay concentrates on the psycho-sociological and socio-cultural aspects of relations among ethnic groups in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region, especially between Slovenes and the other ethnic groups. Therefore it will not deal with the following two points: the ethno-minority problem of the Slovenes in Italy in demographic and ecologic terms (such as, for example, the number of members in a specific group, their territorial dislocation, etc.), or the problem of their socio-professional relations and of their institutional structures (such as, the distribution of minority group members in the professional stratification, the existence of economic, political and cultural structures within the minority groups, etc.).

scholarly journals The Missing Side of Acculturation: How Majority-Group Members Relate to Immigrant and Minority-Group Cultures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas R. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Individual Group ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Cultural Orientations ◽  
Group Members

In many countries, individuals who have represented the majority group historically are decreasing in relative size and/or perceiving that they have diminished status and power compared to those identifying as immigrants or members of ethnic minority groups. These developments raise several salient and timely issues including: (a) how majority-group members’ cultural orientations change as a consequence of increasing intercultural contact due to shifting demographics; (b) what individual, group, cultural and socio-structural processes shape these changes; and (c) the implications of majority-group members’ acculturation. Although research across several decades has examined the acculturation of individuals identifying as minority-group members, much less is known about how majority-group members acculturate in increasingly diverse societies. We present an overview of the state of the art in the emerging field of majority-group acculturation, identify what is known and needs to be known, and introduce a conceptual model guiding future research.

scholarly journals Art and Heterodoxy in the Dutch Enlightenment

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 324-356
Author(s):  
Nina Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Art History ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Reception History ◽  
Art World ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Dutch Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group Members

Abstract This paper considers the artist Arnold Houbraken (1660–1719) as an unconventional Christian and sheds new light on his representation of artists from religious minority groups in his Great Theatre of Netherlandish Painters and Painteresses (1718–1721). By exploring Houbraken’s years within the Flemish Mennonite milieu in Dordrecht (1660–ca. 1685) and investigating his representation of religious difference in his biographies within The Great Theatre, this study extends scholarship on Houbraken beyond the current focus on his later years as a writer in Amsterdam, and it offers findings on the experience and reception history of nonconformists and religious minority group members, like the spiritualist David Joris and the Mennonite martyr Jan Woutersz van Cuyck (among others), within the Dutch art world. The paper also addresses the historiographical disconnect between literature in the disciplines of art history, intellectual history, and history of religion that persisted until very recently regarding Houbraken’s status as a heterodox Enlightenment thinker.

Crime—Some Popular Belief s

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Doleschal
Keyword(s):  
Justice System ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Popular Belief ◽  
Criminal Offenders ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Social Balance

A careful look at several pervasive notions about crime proves them to be without base. While most Americans believe that crime has increased con siderably during the last few decades, our best evidence suggests that crime rates fluctuate somewhat but remain essentially stable over time. Most Americans believe that the criminal justice system in this country is more lenient with common criminals than are comparable systems in other countries. Yet we find, on the contrary, that the United States is the most punitive of all free nations. Another popular belief is that minority group members and the poor are responsible for most crimes. But this is not the case—crime is evenly distributed among the socioeconomic groups, and the crimes committed by the affluent cause the greatest financial loss. Finally, most Americans believe that crime serves no purpose that is use ful to law-abiding citizens. Yet we find that stable levels of crime and criminal offenders serve to reinforce group values and maintain a social balance.

Salient Multiculturalism Enhances Minority Group Members’ Feelings of Power

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquie D. Vorauer ◽  
Matthew S. Quesnel
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Color Blindness ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Intergroup Interaction ◽  
Group Members ◽  
General Goal

The present research examined how messages advocating different intergroup ideologies affect outcomes relevant to minority group members’ ability to exert power in exchanges with dominant group members. We expected that salient multiculturalism would have positive implications for minority group members’ feelings of power by virtue of highlighting essential contributions they make to society, and that no such empowering effect would be evident for them in connection with alternative ideologies such as color-blindness or for dominant group members. Results across four studies involving different participant populations, operationalizations of ideology, ethnic minority groups, and experimental settings were consistent with these hypotheses and further indicated that the effects of salient multiculturalism on feelings of power had downstream implications for expectations of control in an ostensibly upcoming intergroup interaction and general goal-directed cognition.

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